READING MATERIAL
1. History of the UN
The name “United Nations”, coined by the United States President Franklin D. Roovelt, was first ud in the “Declaration by the United Nations” of 1 January 1942, during the Second World War, when reprentatives of 26 nations pledged their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers.
大胆性感美女In 1945, reprentatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to draw up the United Nations Charter. Tho delegates deliberated on the basis of proposals worked out by the reprentatives of China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States at Dumbarton Oaks, United States in August---October 1944. The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the reprentatives of the 50 countries. Poland, which was not reprented at the Conference, signed it later and became one of the original 51 Member States.
The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and by a majority of other signatories. United Nations Day is celebrated on 24 October each year.
The purpos of the United Nations, as t forth in the Charter, are to maintain international peace and curity; to develop friendly relations among nations; to cooperate in solving international economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems and in promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms; and to be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining the ends.
The United Nations acts in accordance with the following principles:
It is bad on the sovereign equality of all its Members.
All Members are to fulfill in good faith their Charter obligations.
浮光的意思
They are to ttle international disputes by peaceful means and without endangering p
eace, curity and justice.
They are to refrain in their international relations from the threat or u of force against any other State.
They are to give the United Nations every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the Charter, and shall not assist States against which the United Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action.
总裁助理
The United Nations shall ensure that States which are not Members act in accordance with the principles in so far as it is necessary for the maintenance of international peace and curity.京福高速
Nothing in the Charter is to authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are esntially within the domestic jurisdiction of any State.
The six principle organs of the United Nations are the General Asmbly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice
and Secretarial. The United Nations family, however, is much larger, encompassing 15 agencies and veral programmes and bodies.
Under the Charter the official languages of the United Nations are Chine, English, French, Russian and Spanish. Arabic has been added as an official language of the General Asmbly, the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council.
一什么笑声2. Declaration on the Occasion of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the UN三个月有胎动吗
Fifty years ago the United Nations was born out of the sufferings caud by the Second World War. The determination, enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, “to save succeeding genenrations from the scourge of war” is as vital today as it was fifty years ago. In this, as in other respects, the Charter gives expression to the common values and aspirations of humankind.
The United Nations has been tested by conflict, humanitarian crisis and turbulent change, yet it has survived and played an important role in preventing another global conflict and
has achieved much for people all over the world. The United Nations has helped to shape the very structure of relations between nations in the modern age. Through the process of decolonization and the elimination of apartheid, hundreds of millions of human beings have been and are assured the exerci of the fundamental right of lf-determination.
主席At this time, following the end of the cold war, and as the end of the century approaches, we must create new opportunities for peace, development, democracy and cooperation. The speed and extent of change in today’s world point to a future of great complexity and challenge and to a sharp increa in the level of expectations of the United Nations.作业分层设计
