最新⾼⼀英语阅读理解解题技巧和训练⽅法及练习题（含答案）
最新⾼⼀英语阅读理解解题技巧和训练⽅法及练习题(含答案)
⼀、⾼中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
We want our children to succeed, in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. At first sight this ems contradictory. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?
The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themlves in practice, attempting jumps that stretch their limitations. This is why they fall over so often, but it is precily why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, remaining within their comfort zone. This is why they don't fall over. In a superficial n, they look successful, becau they are always on their feet. The truth, however, is that by never failing, they never progress.
What is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 failed prototypes(原型) for his dual cyclone vacuum before coining up with the design that made his fortune. The failures were esntial to the pathway of learning. As Dys on put it: “You can't develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is esntial to invention.”
In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don't like to admit to failure, partly becau they have healthy egos(⾃我)(particularly the nior doctors) and partly becau they fear litigation(诉讼). The conquence is that instead of learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct conquence is that the same mistakes are repeated. According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. Until healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve. But let us return to children. One of the major mistakes in education in the 1970s was the attempt to equip children with confidence by giving them lots of success （tting the bar very low）. The conquence was that the ego of kids became bound up with success, and they became unable to take risks and collapd as soon as they hit a proper challenge.
We need to flip(翻转) this approach. In a complex world, failure is inevitable. It is tho individuals and institutions that have the flexibility to face up to failure, learn the lessons and adapt which eventu
ally excel(突出).
（1）The question raid in the first paragraph is to ________.
A. open up a discussion on the topic
B. analyze the reason for success
C. express the author's opposition
打火机可以带上高铁吗
D. doubt the abilities of the top skaters
（2）Which of the following is the structure of the passage?
A. B. C. D.
（3）What would be the best title for the passage?
A. How we can avoid failure in life
B. What we should learn from failure
C. Why failure is the key to flying high
D. Where we further improve ourlves
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本⽂是⼀篇议论⽂，论证了“失败是孩⼦成功的必须条件”这⼀观点。(1)考查推理判断。根据第⼀段中的“But the paradox（悖论）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail.”可知，⽂章的中⼼论点是如果孩⼦想要真正成功，⾸先就要学会失败。后⾯以世界级滑冰运动员摔倒的次数更多来证明这⼀点，最后⼀句提出问题：为什么好的滑冰运动员反⽽摔倒的次数多呢？下⽂对这个问题做了回答，进⼀步阐明了⽂章的中⼼论点。很明显，这个问题就是为了引出下⽂对中⼼论点的论述服务的。故选A。
(2)考查⽂章结构。第⼀段提出中⼼论点并以滑冰运动员为例引出第⼆段。第三段James Dyson为正⾯
例⼦证明：成功是建⽴失败的基础上的。⽽第四和第五两段分别以医疗和20世纪七⼗年代的⼉童教育为反例证明：不经历失败就不会获得成功和提⾼。最后⼀段再次强调中⼼论点。故选A。
(3)考查主旨⼤意。⽂章第⼀段即提出中⼼论点：the paradox（悖论）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail，中间⼏段以正反两⽅⾯的例⼦证明了该论点。最后⼀段⼜重新强调了该论点。很明显，⽂章的中⼼意思就是：失败是孩⼦真正成功的必要条件。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，⽂章结构和主旨⼤意三个题型的考查，是⼀篇教育类阅读，要求考⽣根据上下⽂进⾏逻辑推理，概括归纳，从⽽选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Whether you are a national or an international student, we welcome you to Middletown University. Our reputation is built on providing high-quality education in both academic and vocational (职业的) subjects. As well as priding ourlves on our traditional face-to-face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-learning cours.
What do they cost?
Costs for our courrs vary considerably. Click on each department's homepage for more informatio
个人基本情况范文n. Scholarships and bursaries an available for certain cours, particularly for tho in the sciences and education.你和我之间的遥远
SAMPLE COURSE OVERVIEW
BA in English Language and Literature
The main purpo of this cour is to develop your ability to describe, analyze and manipulate features of the English language, and to e how the are expresd in literature. As well as taking core modules which cover the areas, students will be able to specialize in their fields of interest.
Duration: three-year cour
Cour: Choo 12 out of 20 modules.
Weekly timetable: eight hours of lectures/four hours of minars
Asssment: essays, exams and an 8,000-word disrtation at the end of the third year
Requirements: academic experience and interest in the subject; good school-exam grades
Diploma in teaching
In the first term, you will learn about the theory of teaching and how to be an effective teacher. In the cond term, you will also begin teaching in a school. The third term is completely practical. Duration: one-year cour
Cour: Choo six out of ten modules (three are compulsory).
Weekly timetable: six hours of lectures/ two hours of minars/ six hours of classroom teaching Asssment: combination of essays and classroom obrvation
Requirement: first degree in specific subject area
（1）What is Middletown University famous for?
A. Academic and vocational education.
B. Traditional teaching methods.
烂嘴角怎么治疗
C. Distance-learning cours.
D. Face-to-face communication.
（2）What do the two sample cours have in common?
A. They both last for three years.
B. They both require students to hand in essays.
C. They both offer total freedom to choo modules.
D. They both favor students with interest in the subject.
（3）What is the main purpo of the text?
A. To adverti certain online cours.
B. To stress the need for distance learning.
C. To introduce distance-learning techniques.
D. To suggest a way of pursuing further education.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
【解析】【分析】本⽂是⼀篇应⽤⽂，⼀所⼤学就该校最近开设的在线课程就⾏了简单的介绍，包括课程⽬的，时长，评价，要求等。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第⼀段中的”Our reputation is built on providing high-quality education in both academic and vocational (职业的) subjects.“可知，这所⼤学因为在学术和职业课程上提供⾼质量的教学⽽获得名誉，即它以⾼质量的学术和职业教学⽽出名。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据BA in English Language and Literature部分中的”Asssment: essays, exams and an 8,000-word disrtation at the end of the third year“和Diploma in teaching 部分中的”Asssment: combination of essays and classroom obrvation“可知这两门课程的共同点是都需要提交⽂章。故选B。
（3）考查推理判断。根据第⼀段中的”As well as priding ou rlves on our traditional face-to-face learning, we have recently introduced a range of distance-learning cours.“我们在提供传功课程的
同时也提供了⼤量的在线课程，以及下⽂所叙述的两种课程的课程内容，时长，评价和要求等，可推测本⽂的主要⽬的是为⼀些在线课程打⼴告。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是⼀篇介绍类阅读，考⽣需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下⽂进⾏逻辑推理，从⽽选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
In 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entire French Scrabble Dictionary in just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards' impressive feat is a uful example to show how artificial intelligence works—real AI. Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.
The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Becau AI can outperform humans at routine tasks—provided the task is in one field with a lot of data—it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.
But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are
creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs—executives, diplomats, economists —go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI.
Are you worried that the three types of jobs won't employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. The jobs require compassion, trust and sympathy—which AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.
So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so
people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and tho who benefit most.
（1）What is the main purpo of paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To mention Nigel's feat.
女人养生C. To stress the importance of good memory.
D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.
（2）Which of the following best explains "outperform" underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Be superior to
B. Be inferior to
C. Be similar to
D. Be related to （3）Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?
A. The writer.
B. The shop assistant.
C. The babysitter.
D. The psychologist.（4）Which of the following suggestions can the author give about job replacement of AI?
A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.
B. Get more support from the government.
C. Apply for the donation from companies.碧螺春属于什么茶
D. Upgrade people's professional skills all the time.
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）B
梦到婚礼
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本⽂是⼀篇议论⽂，⼈⼯智能有取代⼈类⼯作的潜⼒，但是，并⾮所有⼯作都会被⼈⼯智能取代，有四种类型的⼯作完全没有风险。因此，在⼈⼯智能时代⼈类仍然会有⼯作，关键必
须是对劳动⼒进⾏再培训，这样⼈们才能从事这些⼯作。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第⼀段可知⼀个名叫奈杰尔·理查兹（Nigel Richards）的⼈在短短九周内记住了《法国拼字游戏词典》中的386,000个单词。但是，他不会说法语。其展⽰了⼈⼯智能是如何⼯作的。⽽后⽂主要与⼈⼯智能有关，由此推断作者写第⼀段的⽬的是引出⼈⼯智能这个话题。故选A。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第⼆段中的“Becau AI can outperform humans at routine tasks—provided the task is in one field with a lot of data”可知AI可以在⽇常任务中outperform⼈类（前提是该任务在⼀个涉及到⼤量数据的领域中；以及“it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.”可知从技术上讲,⼈⼯智能具有在未来⼤约15年⾥取代成千上万的⽩领和蓝领⼯作的能⼒。结合下⽂推断⼈⼯智能能够具有取代⼈类的⼯作是因为AI在⽇常任务中表现超过了⼈类，划线词的意思是"胜过，超过"，故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can.”可知四种类型的⼯作完全没有风险。⾸先，有创造性的⼯作。⼈⼯智能不可能像科学家,⼩说家和艺术家那样进⾏发明创造。也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。排除A；再根据第四段中的“as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where em
otions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors.”可知需要情感的⼯作，例如⽼师，保姆和医⽣也不⼤可能被取代，因此排除C和D。故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后⼀段中的“So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them.” 可知作者认为在AI时代仍然会有⼯作，关键必须是对劳动⼒进⾏再培训，这样⼈们才能从事这些⼯作。进⾏培训是为了得到专业技能，由此推断作者会给出⼀直提升⼈们的专业技能的建议，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是⼀篇科技类阅读，考⽣需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下⽂进⾏逻辑推理，从⽽选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family hou in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
We had heard in school about a planet called Pluto. It was the farthest, coldest, and darkest thing a child could imagine. We guesd how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than Antarctica, or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania.
Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星） in 2006, captured our imagination becau it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system. Pluto's underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive. Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and lf-ground lens. As an assistant at Lowell Obrvatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tombaugh's task was to arch millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the obrvatory's founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune. On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and reprented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (⼊侵).
Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. It's a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn't the limit at all. We don't know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.
（1）Why did Pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?
A. Becau it lost its major planet status.
B. Becau it disappeared in the sky.
C. Becau it was discovered by an American.
D. Becau it was proved to be the coldest planet in the univer.
（2）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. An American Scientist: Clyde Tombaugh
B. Pluto was First Discovered by a Boy
C. Pluto's Strange Romance
撩女朋友D. The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania
（3）What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?
A. Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.
B. Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.
C. Clyde Tombaugh's job was to build telescopes for Lowell Obrvatory.
D. Clyde Tombaugh's telescopes ud for arching stars were very simple.
（4）What does the underlined ntence in the last paragraph most probably mean?
A. Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.
B. Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar system.
C. Pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.
