Timeline of the Kings and Queens | History of London | History of the Union Flag | | | |
Thousands of years ago, Great Britain was joined to Europe and was covered with ice. About 15,000 years ago, the weather became warmer. The ice melted and the a level ro. Great Britain became an island about 8000 years ago. Celtic people called Britons ttles in Britain. They were warriors and farmers who were skilled metal workers. They built villages and hill forts, and ud iron weapons and tools. Celts called Gaels lived in Ireland. Prehistoric Britain BC | Roman Britain 43 AD | Anglo Saxon Britain 450 | Viking Britain 793 | Medieval Britain 1066 | Tudor Britain 1485 | Stuart Britain 1603 | Georgian Britain 1714 | Victorian Britain 1837 | Modern Britain 1902 + | | | |
King and Queens of England Romans | Saxons | Vikings | Normans | Tudors | Victorians | WW ll | | | | | | | | 43 | 450 | 793 | 1066 | 1485 | 1837 | 1939 | | | | | | | |
Prehistoric Britain | The first men and women came to Britain over two and a half million years ago. They were hunters and gatherers of food who ud simple stone tools and weapons. | BC | Britain | Abroad | 500,000 | People migrate to Britain from Europe. | | 6500 | The land bridge joining Britain to Europe is flooded as the a level ris. Britain becomes an Island. | | 3000 | New Stone Age begins: farming people arrive from Europe. | | 3000 | First stone circles erected. | | 2100 | Bronze Age begins | | 2150 | People learn to make bronze weapons and tools | | 2000 | Stonehenge completed | | 1650 | Trade routes begin to form | | 1200 | Small Villages are first formed | | 750 | Iron Age begins: iron replaces bronze as most uful metal. Population about 150,000. | | 500 | The Celtic people arrive from Central Europe. The Celts were farmers and lived in small village groups in the centre of their arable fields. They were also warlike people. The Celts fought against the people of Britain and other Celtic tribes. | | | | |
Romans | Saxons | Vikings | Normans | Tudors | Victorians | WW ll | | | | | | | | 43 | 450 | 793 | 1066 | 1485 | 1837 | 1939 | | | | | | | |
Roman Britain | The Romans were the first to invade us and came to Britain nearly 2000 years ago. They changed our country. The Roman Empire made its mark on Britain, and even today, the ruins of Roman buildings, forts, roads, and baths can be found all over Britain. Britain was part of the Roman Empire for almost 400 years! By the time the Roman armies left around 410 AD, they had established medical practice, a language of administration and law and had created great public buildings and roads. Many English words are derived from the latin language of the Romans. Click here to find out more about the Romans in Britain. | | Britain | | Abroad | 55 BC | Julius Caesar heads first Roman Invasion but later withdraws | | | 44 BC | | 44 BC | Julius Caesar is murdered in Rome | AD | 30 | | 30 | Jesus Crucified | 43 | Romans invade and Britain becomes part of the Roman Empire | | | 下火的菜 50 | London Founded | | | 61 | Boadicea leads the Iceni in revolt against the Romans | | | 70 | Romans conquer Wales and the North | | | | | 76 | The Emperor Hadrian is born | 80 | | 80 | The Colosum of Rome completed | 122 - 128 | Emperor Hadrian builds a wall on the Scottish Border | | | 140 | Romans conquer Scotland | | | 209 | St Alban becomes the 1st Christian martyr | | | 306 | Constantine the Great declared Emperor at York | | | 350 | The Picts and Scots attack the border | | | 401 - 410 | 切换快捷键The Romans withdraw from Britain: Anglo Saxons migrants begin to Settle | | | Click here for Information on the Romans | | | | |
Romans | Saxons | Vikings | Normans | Tudors | Victorians | WW ll | | | | | | | | 43 | 450 | 793 | 1066 | 1485 | 1837 | 1939 | | | | | | | |
Anglo-Saxon Britain | The Roman army left Britain about AD 410. When they had gone there was no strong army to defend Britain, and tribes called the Angle, Saxon, and Jute (the Anglo-Saxons) invaded. They left their homelands in northern Germany, Denmark and northern Holland and rowed across the North Sea in wooden boats. The Anglo-Saxons ruled most of Britain but never conquered Cornwall in the south-west, Wales in the west, or Scotland in the north. They divided the country into kingdoms. Missionaries from Roman spread Christianity across southern Britain. Read more about the Saxons on our Homework Help pages | 450 - 750 | Invasion of the Jutes from Jutland, Angles from South of Denmark and Saxons from Germany. Britain is divided up into the Seven Kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia, Wesx, Esx, Susx and Kent. | 450 | Saxons Hengist and Horsa ttle in Kent. | 460 | St Patrick returns to convert Ireland | 510 | The Battle of Mount Badon: British victory over the Saxons | 597 | St Augustine brings Christianity to Britain from Rome and becomes Archbishop of Canterbury | 617 | Northumbria becomes the Supreme Kingdom | 779 | Mercia becomes the Supreme Kingdom and King Offa builds a Dyke along the Welsh Border | Click here for Information on the Saxons | | |
Romans | Saxons | Vikings | Normans | Tudors | Victorians 将仲子 | WW ll | | | | | | | | | 手工风铃 43 | 450 | 793 | 1066 | 1485 | 1837 | 1939 | | | | | | | |
| Viking Britain | The Viking Age in Britain began about 1,200 years ago in the 8th Century AD and lasted for 300 years. Read more .... | 793 | First invasion by the Vikings | 821 | Wesx becomes the Supreme Kingdom | 866 - 77 | Invasion of the Great Danish (Viking) Army. | 867 | The Vikings take Northumbria | 871 | King Alfred defeats the Vikings but allows them to ttle in Eastern England | 886 | The North subjected to the Danelaw, the rules of the Vikings | 889 | The Anglo Saxon Chronicle starts | 926 | Eastern England (Danelaw) is conquered by the Saxons | 1016 | King Canute of Denmark captures the English Crown | 1042 | Edward the Confessor becomes King | 1055 | Westminster Abbey is completed | Click here for Information on the Vikings | | |
Romans | Saxons | Vikings | Normans | Tudors | Victorians | WW ll | | | | | | | | 43 | 450 | 793 | 1066 | 1485 | 1837 | 1939 小乔初嫁 | | | | | | | |
The Middle Ages - Medieval Britain (Normans) | The Middle Ages in Britain cover a huge period. They take us from the shock of the Norman Conquest, which began in 1066, to the devasting Black Death of 1348, the Hundred Years' War with France and the War of the Ros, which finally ended in 1485. The Normans built impressive castles, impod a feudal system and carried out a census of the country. | 1066 | The Battle of Stamford Bridge: Saxon victory over invading Vikings | 1066 | The Battle of Hastings: The invading Normans defeat the Saxons William of Normandy defeats Harold with a lucky shot and becomes King of England - Norman Conquest | 1070 | Work starts on Canterbury Cathedral | 1078 | Work starts on The Tower of London | 1080 - 1100 | Great monastery and cathedral building begins | 1086 | The Domesday Book is compiled, a complete inventory of Britain | 1154 | Work starts on York Minster | 1167 | Oxford University Founded | 1170 | Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas a Becket is murdered by the knights of Henry II | 1170 | Population of London exceeds 30,000 for the first time | 1174 | Work starts on Wells Cathedral | 1215 | Civil War | 1215 | The Magna Carta is signed by King John | 1220 | Work starts on Salisbury | 1282 - 1283 | King Edward conquers Wales. Llewellyn ab Gruffydd, the country's last prince is killed | 1296 | King Edward invades Scotland and takes the Stone of Destiny from Scone to Westminster | 1297 | The Battle of Stirling Bridge The Scots under William Wallace defeat the English | 1298 | The Battle of Falkirk. King Edward defeats Wallace. | 1306 | Robert Bruce crowned King of the Scots | 1314 | Scots led by Robert the Bruce defeat the English at the battle of Bannockburn | 1321-22 | Civil War | 1337 | King Edward claims the Throne of France | 1337 - 1453 | Hundred Years' War with France | 1348 - 49 | The Black Death (bubonic plague) arrived in England and killed nearly half of the population | 1387 | Geoffrey Chaucer starts writing the Canterbury Tales | 1415 | English defeat the French at the battle of Agincourt | 1453 | The Hundred Years War against France ends | 1455 | Civil War: The War of the Ros starts | Click here for Information on the Normans | | |
Romans | Saxons | Vikings | Normans | Tudors | Victorians | WW ll | | | | | | | | 43 | 450 | 793 | 1066 | 1485 | 1837 | 1939 | | | | | | | |
Tudor Britain | The Tudors were a Welsh-English family that ruled England from 1485 to 1603 - one of the most exciting periods of British history. Henry VIII's matrimonial difficulties led to the split with Catholicism. Henry made himlf head of the Church of England. Read more about | 1485 | The War of the Ros ends at the Battle of Bosworth. Henry Vll crowned king. | 1497 | John Cabot sails from Bristol aboard the 'Matthew' and discovers North America | 1509 - 1547 | Henry Vlll succeeds to the throne | 1513 | English defeat the Scots at the Battle of Flodden | 1534 | Henry VIII forms the 'Church of England'. Henry is confirmed as 'Supreme Head of the Church of England 'following a parliamentary Act of Supremacy | 1536 | Act of Union joins England and Wales | 1536 - 39 | Destruction or closure of 560 monasteries and religious hous | 1542 | Mary, Queen of Scots lays claim to the English throne | 1558 | Elizabeth I begins her 45 year reign | 1570 | Sir Francis Drake ts sail for his first voyage to the West Indies | 1587 | Queen Elizabeth I executes Mary, Queen of Scots | 1588 | The English defeat the Spanish Armada | 1591 | First performance of a play by William Shakespeare | 1600 | First British involvement in the Indian continent - East India Company formed. Population of Britain just over 4 million | Click here for Information on the Tudors | | |
Stuart Britain | The Stuarts had ruled Scotland since 1371, but James VI of Scotland was the first Stuart king of England. | 1603 | James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England uniting the two kingdoms | 1605 | Guy Fawkes is thwarted when he tries to blow up Parliament. | 1606 | The Union Flag adopted as the National Flag | 1620 | The Pilgrim Fathers t sail for New England from Plymouth, aboard the 'Mayflower' | 1624-30 | War with Spain | 1626-9 | War with France | 1629 | Parliament dissolved by King Charles | 1642 - 1651 | 关于朋友的诗句 Civil War | 1649 | King Charles executed | 1649-1650 | Cromwell's conquest of Ireland | 1650 - 1652 | Cromwell's conquest of Scotland | 1652 | Tea arrives in Britain | 1653 | 大学社团工作总结 Cromwell proclaimed Lord Protector | 1660 | Restoration of the Monarchy under King Charles II | 1664-1665 | The Great Plague breaks out and up to 100,000 people die in London | 1666 | Great Fire of London | 1689 | English Bill of rights 1689 From now on England's monarchs would rule in partnership with Parliament. All Catholics barred from the English throne. | 1692 | William III massacres the Jacobites at Glencoe | 1707 | Act of Union between Scotland and England. The Scottish parliament was dissolved and England and Scotland became one country. | | |
Georgian Britain | In 1714 the British throne pasd to a German family, the Hanoverians. | 1714 | George of Hanover, Germany succeeds Queen Anne to the Throne | 1721 | Sir Robert Walpole becomes the first Prime Minister | 1746 | Bonnie Prince Charlie is defeated at the Battle of Culloden | 1757 | First canal in Britain is completed | 1776 | America declares independence from Britain | 1780's | Industrial Revolution Begins | 1783 | Steam powered cotton mill invented by Sir Richard Arkwright | 1788 | First convict ships are nt to Australia | 1796 | Edward Jenner invented a vaccination against small pox | 1800 | Act of Union with Ireland | 1801 | The first census. Population of Britain 8 million Ireland made part of the United Kingdom | 1804 | Richard Trevithick built the first steam locomotive | 1805 | Lord Nelson defeats Napoleon at the Battle of Trafalgar | 1807 | Abolition of Slave Trade | 1815 | Duke of Wellington defeats Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo | 1825 | World's first railway opens between Stockton and Darlington | 1829 | Robert Peel t up the Metropolitan Police force | 1834 | The Poor Law t up workhous, where people without homes or jobs could live in return for doing unpaid work. | | |
Romans | Saxons | Vikings | Normans | Tudors | 明字拼音Victorians | WW ll | | | | | | | | 43 | 450 | 793 | 1066 | 1485 | 1837 | 1939 | | | | | | | |
Victorian Britain | xThe Victorians lived over one hundred and fifty years ago during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 to 1901) and was a time of enormous change in this country. In 1837 most people lived in villages and worked on the land; by 1901, most lived in towns and worked in offices, shops and factories. Read more ..... | 1837 | Queen Victoria becomes Queen at the age of 18 | 1840 | The first postage stamps (Penny Post) came into u | 1842 | Mines Act ended child labour | 1845 - 1849 | Ireland suffered the Great Potato Famine when entire crops of potatoes, the staple Irish food, were ruined. The famine was a conquence of the appearance of blight, the potato fungus. About 800,000 people died as a result of the famine. A large number of people migrated to Britain, the United States, Canada and Australia. | 1850s | The first post boxes were built | 1851 | The Great Exhibition Census showed just over half of Britain's population (of 20 million) lived in towns | 1854 | Crimean War | 1854 | A cholera epidemic led to demands for a clean water supply and proper wage systems in the big cities | 1856 | Britain defeats Russia in the Crimean War | 1860 | The first public flushing toilet opens | 1861 | Death of Prince Albert | 1863 | London Underground opens The foundation of the Football Association | 1868 | Joph Lister discovers disinfectant | 1868 | The last public hanging | 1869 | The first Sainsbury's shop open in Dury Lane, London | 1870 | Education Act means school for everyone | 1871 | Queen Victoria opens the Albert Hall | 1876 | Alexander Bell invented the telephone Primary education was made compulsory | 1877 | The first public electric lighting in London | 1883 | First electric railway | 1887 | The invention of the gramophone | 1891 | Free education for every child | 1901 | Population of Britain 40 million | Click here for Information on the Victorian | | |
Modern Britain | 1902 | Britain defeats Dutch ttlers in Boer War in South Africa | 1902 | The first old age pension | 1914 - 1918 | First World War Compulsory military rvice and food rationing introduced | 1920 | Republic of Ireland gains independence | 1937 | Sir Frank Whittle invents the Jet Engine | 1939 - 1945 | The Second World War | 1951 | Festival of Britain | 1952 | Elizabeth II becomes Queen | 1953 | Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II | 1973 | Britain joins the European Community | 1979 | Margaret Thatcher becomes Britain's first woman prime minister | 1982 | Falklands War | 1991 | Gulf War | 1991 | Sir Tim Berners Lee invents the World Wide Web | 1994 | Channel Tunnel links Britain back to the European continent | 1999 | Welsh national asmbly and Scottish parliament | 2003 | The Second Gulf War | 2003 | England Wins the Rugby World Cup | Click here for Information on Britain Since 1930s | | |
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