英国概况复习题
描写祖国壮丽山河的诗
英国概况复习题(5题×4’)
Explain the following terms
1. Norman Conquest:
(1)Duke William of Normandy t sail across the English Channel on 28th September 1066, with a fleet of knights, archers and hors.
(2) He was crowned King of England, established a Norman aristocracy.
(3) The conquest of England ushered in a new era in English history with the introduction of feudalism.
2. Magna Carta
r51600(1) Magna Carta for Great Charter’, is the most famous document of British constitutional history, issued by King John in 1215.
(2) The purpo of it was to insure the rights of the Church and the customs of the town, to curb the king’s exploitation of the tax system and financial privileges and to guarantee that the king could not encroach on baronial privileges.
(3)Magna Carta is a landmark in English constitutional history.
3. The Hundred Years War
(1) The Hundred Years’ War broke out between England and France in 1337, and it lasted until 1453.
(2) Bordeaux was in French hands.
瘰疬丸(3) England cead thinking of itlf as a continental power and began to develop its own identity and culture.
4. Glorious Revolution
(1) Leading politicians invited William of Orange, Mary’s husband and ruler of the Netherl
孰能无过ands, to invade England with Dutch forces and restore English liberties.
(2) William and Mary became joint rulers of England after accepting what
became known as the Bill of Rights.
(3) The Bill of Rights stated that no Roman Catholic would rule England; it gave inviolable civil and political rights to the people and political superemacy to Parliament.
5. Tripartite System
(1) Tripartite system was an educational system of Britain Act 1944.
(2) It was divided into three parts: condary modern, technical and grammar schools.
(3)It was abolished in 1960s.
6. GCSE
It was the General Certificate of Secondary Education, and was taken at the end of comp
ulsory education at the age of 16. Any number of individual subjects may be taken. It replaces the former O-level and GSE examination.
7. welfare state
(1) It can be defined as ‘ a state with a government which assumes responsibility for the well-being of its citizens throughout life, through a range of interventions in the market economy.
李达康表情包(2) The welfare state would aim to offer its citizens: a life with certain specified standards of living which it considers reasonable and possible for all, and protection against the unexpected hazards of life.
8. NHS
A short form for national health rvice. It was established in 1947 for all to receive free diagnosis, treatment and hospitalization when necessary.
9.absolute poverty
Absolute poverty is defined as calculating what income is required by
families of different sizes to provide the minimum of food, clothing (cond-hand) and shelter needed for the maintenance of merely physical health.
10.mixed economy
(1) Mixed economy is an economy in which there is some public ownership as well as privately owned business.
(2) Britain has mixed economy.
11.civil liberties
The freedom to organi politically,
The freedom to speech
The freedom to the press
西游记读书报告The equality of all people under the law
12.the civil rvice
The civil rvice is non-political. It consists of Permanent officials employed by government. The functions of civil rvice are to advi ministers and implement policy and top officials popularly known as ‘mandarins’.
13.the rule of law
Everybody is subject to the law.
Laws must not be arbitrary.
There is only one body of law.
The rights of the individual are to be respected.
14. common law
(1) This is law as decided by judges, their decisions in cas being arrived at after considering the customs and practices of the people involved.
(2) English law has a long history, much of it being derived.
15. the jury
The jury reprents the people and its drawn from a cross-ction of the public.
情侣对杯The jury consists of twelve lay people who are lected at random.
In court the jury cannot ask questions, the role of the jury is to listen impartially to the evidence from all sides.
cf怎么跳箱子After the judge sums up all the evidence at the end of a trial, the jury retire from the court and consider their verdict in private. When they have reached a unanimous agreement of either guilty or not guilty they return to the court and give their verdict to the judge.
