[名校版]高考英语综合训练题含答案
Women were less likely than men to support the Vietnam war, the Gulf war, or the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. They commit far fewer murders. They are less likely to favor strikes. For some scholars, the are grounds for thinking that a world run by women would be more peaceful.
But European history suggests otherwi, according to political scientists Oeindrila Dube and S. P. Harish. They studied how often European rulers went to war between 1480 and 1913, and found that states ruled by queens were 27% more likely to get involved in wars than tho ruled by kings.
This was not all the queens’ fault: men, eing them as soft targets, tended to attack them. Frederick the Great of Prussia once declared: ”No woman should ever be allowed to govern anything.“ Shortly after becoming king, he attacked the newly crowned Archduchess of Austria, Maria Theresa, and ized Silesia province. Despite years of war, she never recovered it.
But perceived weakness is not the whole story. Queens, the rearchers found, were more likely to gain new territory. Catherine the Great expanded her empire by some 200,000 square miles. And married queens were more aggressive than single queens or kings, whether single or married.
The authors suggest veral reasons for this. First, married queens may have been able to form more military alliances(联盟),making them confident enough to pick fights. Their husbands had often rved in the army before they married, and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives’ states.
Second unlike most kings, queens often gave their husbands a lot of power,putting them in charge of foreign policy or the economy. During the 1740s, Maria Theresa’s husband, Francis I, reformed the Austrian economy and raid money for the armed forces while his wife ruled much of central Europe. Prince Albert was Queen Victoria’s most trusted advir, shaping her foreign policy until his death in1861. This division of labor, the authors suggest, freed up time for queens to pursue more aggressive policies.
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The modern era, too, has witnesd female leaders in wars: Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war, or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands. The number of countries led by women has more than doubled since 2000, but there is plenty of room for improvement: the current level of 15 reprents less than 10 % of the total. A world in which more women took power might be more equal. Whether it would be more peaceful is a different question.
12. The underlined “perceived weakness” in paragraph 4 means that________.
A. women were less likely to support wars
B. women could not recover lost territory
C. women commit far fewer crimes
D. women were soft targets
13. Why were married queens more likely to gain new territory?
A. Becau their military alliances picked fights for them.
B. Becau they were ambitious and aggressive by nature.
C. Becau their husbands were supportive in state governing.
D. Becau they centralized all power into their own hands.
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14. What is the purpo of mentioning the two female leaders in the last paragraph?
毫毛A. To imply there is room for improvement in gender equality.
计算机操作系统B. To indicate more females become leaders in modern times.
C. To illustrate female leaders cannot prevent wars in modern times.
D. To suggest female leaders have their share of wars in modern times.
15. According to the passage, we can safely conclude that________.
A. married women are not fit to govern their states on their own
B. female leaders should be responsible for all wars throughout history
C. the world wouldn’t be more peaceful even if more women took power
D. the division of labor allows queens to survive economic crisis
Celebrity has become one of the most important reprentatives of popular culture. Fans ud to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to ba its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover becau they don’t ll nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.
结晶塔的帝王Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were ty
百崖大峡谷pically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actress. Today they’re started by first-class stars who products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been tho by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.
关于元宵节的来历However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to remble an exerci in lf-promotional marketing. And once the initial attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.
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