Howtoparaphra
How to paraphra
不会paraphra的原因：
1、客观原因
阅读材料晦涩难懂，可能由于陌生词汇多，或者概念难理解，无法进行概括总结
2、主观原因
阅读量少，懒于练习，缺少方法。
Paraphra的四种基本方法：同义词替换单词顺序调换单词形式改变主被动语态肯定否定转换
一、Paraphrasing with synonyms同义词替换
近义词替换是最常用的paraphra方法，主要还是实意词（Content words),比如动词（verb)，
形容词（Adjective)，副词（Adverb)的替换。如importance可以换成significance，distinctive可以写作unique。四月是什么月
My car needs petrol.
变成：My vehicle requires fuel.
Clovis argued that significant improvements were required.
变成：Clovis stated that substantial progress was needed.
Students’respons to the questionnaire were collected quickly.
变成：Students’answers to the survey were obtained rapidly.
二．Reversing the order of information单词顺序调换
一个句子中会有不一样的信息，通过改变信息的位置也是可以达到转述的目的，改变词序时要注意语法，有时候需要增减单词或改变单词的形式以确保句子的语法正确。如果不能保证改变语法正确，便最好不要改变单词的位置。缓解痛经的药
As languages such as Spanish, Chine and English become more widely ud, there is a fear that that many minority languages may die out.
变成：There is a fear that many minority languages may die out, as languages such as Spanish, Chine and English become more widely ud.
I finished my undergraduate study at University of Leicester in 1996.
变成In 1996,I got my bachelor degree from University of Leicester.
三、单词形式改变
一个单词有多种不同的形式，譬如，名词，动词，形容词和副词，通过改变词性也可以重新paraphra。同样，改变单词形式要确认句子语法正确，没有语病。这个方法通常是把动词短语（Verb Phra)改成名词短语（Noun Phra),动词(verb)改成noun+of+noun的形式，鱼肉百姓
It is often argued that the growth of the Internet has made it more difficult for universities to prevent plagiarism.
变成：A common argument is that the growth of the Internet has made the prevention of plagiarism more difficult for universities.
Students frequently complain about their workload.
变成：A frequent complaint of students concerns how much work they have to do.
姨妈的朋友
四、Active Voice and Passive Voice(Verb)
从主动句变被动句，或者被动句变成主动句，主要是语法上的改变。
1.Students take an IELTS test are examined in reading, listening, speaking and writing.
变成：An IELTS test examines students’reading, listening, speaking and writing.过程论
2.Six countries founded the European Economic Community when they signed the Treaties of Rome in 1957.
变成：The European Economic Community was founded when the Treaties of Rome were signed by six countries in 1957.
做纸杯蛋糕五、Reversing positives and negatives
改变句子中的用词的正反面来表达一个同一个意思，其实是个非常有意思的事情，就是类似于在essay中用反义词或者双重否定去做文字游戏，但是对essay中的意思并没造成改变
It is not unusual for many international students to experience culture shock when they first arrive in the UK.
变成：It is relatively common for many international students to experience culture shock when they first arrive in the UK.
