Designation:A753–02
Standard Specification for
Wrought Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys(UNS K94490,
K94840,N14076,N14080)1
This standard is issued under thefixed designation A753;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the ca of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parenthes indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1.Scope
1.1This specification covers commonly ud wrought nickel-iron soft magnetic alloys produced or supplied expressly for u in magnetic cores and other parts requiring high magnetic permeability,high electrical resistivity,low coercive field strength,and low core loss.
1.2This specification covers materials supplied by a pro-ducer or converter to the form and physical condition desired for fabrication into parts that will later be given afinal heat treatment to achieve the desired magnetic characteristics.It covers materials supplied in the form of forging billet;hot-rolled plate,strip,and bar;cold-finished bar;cold-rolled and annealed sheet and strip;shaped bar and wire;and wire.
1.2.1This specification does not cover either powder met-allurgically produced or cast parts.
1.2.2This specification lists requirements for strip products having isotropic or mi-isotropic magnetic properties but does not include requirements for anisotropic or square hysteresis loop alloys or alloys procesd to yieldflattened hysteresis loops by u of heat treatments in an applied magneticfield.
1.2.3This specification does not cover alloys modified by the addition of elements such as sulfur and lenium to enhance machinability.
1.3The values stated in customary(cgs-emu and inch-pound)units are to be regarded as standard.The values given in parenthes are mathematical conversions to SI units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2.Referenced Documents雾凇的形成
2.1ASTM Standards:
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Test-ing of Magnetic Materials2
A340Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to Magnetic Testing2
A341/A341M Test Method for Direct Current Magnetic
Properties of Materials Using dc Permeameters and the Ballistic Test Methods2
A343Test Method for Alternating-Current Magnetic Prop-erties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using Wattmeter-Ammeter-V oltmeter Method and25-cm Epstein Test Frame2
A480/M480M Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet,and Strip3
A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Bars and Shapes,Car-bon,Rolled from“T”Rails3
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods3
A596/A596M Test Method for Direct-Current Magnetic Properties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method and Ring Specimens2
A772Test Method for ac Magnetic Permeability of Mate-rials Using Sinusoidal Current2
A773/A773M Test Method for dc Magnetic Properties of Materials Using Ring and Permeameter Procedures with dc Electronic Hysteresigraphs2
E527Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys(UNS)4 E1019Test Methods for Determination of Carbon,Sulfur, Nitrogen,and Oxygen in Steel and in Iron,Nickel,and Cobalt Alloys5
3.Terminology
3.1The terms and symbols ud in this specification are defined in Terminology A340.
4.Classification
4.1Four specific alloy types are covered:
Alloy Type UNS Number A Nominal Range of Nickel,%B 1K9449043.5to46.5
2K9484047.0to49.0
3N1407675.0to78.0
4N1408079.0to82.0
A UNS refers to the Unified Numbering System,an alloy identification system supported by ASTM.Refer to Practice E527for details.
1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06on Magnetic Properties,and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02on Material Specifications.
Current edition approved Oct.10,2002.Published November2002.Originally published as A753-78.La
st previous edition A753-97.
2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol03.04.
3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol01.03.
4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol01.01.
5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol03.05. 1
Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.
B Alloy Types3and4have additions of molybdenum,copper,and chromium to improve magnetic performance.
4.2Alloy Type2in thin-strip form(thickness less than or equal to0.0200in.(0.508mm))is available in two different grades.Grade1is mi-isotropic and is recommended for u in transformer laminations.Grade2is isotropic and is recom-mended for u in rotating machinery laminations.The grades are the result of different mill processing(that is, cold-rolling and annealing)
practices and cannot be created by changes in thefinal heat treatment given to the laminations.
5.Ordering Information
5.1Orders for material conforming to this specification shall include the following information:
5.1.1Reference to this specification and year of issue or revision.
5.1.2Alloy type(Section6)and grade where appropriate.
5.1.3Dimensions and tolerances(Section11).
5.1.4Quantity(weight or number of pieces as appropriate).
5.1.5Form and condition(Section7).
5.1.6Magnetic property requirements if they are other than tho listed in this specification.
5.1.7Certification of chemical analysis and magnetic qual-ity evaluation.
5.1.8Marking and packaging requirements.
5.1.9End U—Whenever possible,the ur should specify whether the material will be machined,blanked intoflat pieces, blanked and formed,deep drawn to shape,wound into a core, punched into laminations,or photo-etched.This will help the producer to provide the most suitable material for the ur’s fabricating practices.
5.1.10Exceptions to this specification or special require-ments such as mechanical property requirements.
6.Chemical Composition
6.1The alloys shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table1.Since magnetic performance is paramount,analysis variations are permitted by mutual agreement between the ur and producer.
6.2Determination of metallic constituents and phosphorus shall be by a method(s)acceptable to both producer and ur. Analysis of carbon and sulfur shall be done in accordance with Test Methods E1019.
7.Form and Condition
7.1The materials are capable of being produced in a wide variety of forms and conditions suitable
for further manufac-ture into specific magnetic articles.The desired form and condition shall be specified and should be discusd with the producer before ordering to assure receiving the appropriate product.Available forms and conditions are:
7.1.1Forging Billet—Hot worked;hot worked with sur-faces prepared by grinding.
7.1.2Hot-Rolled Plate,Strip,and Bar—Hot-rolled;hot-rolled and acid cleaned;hot-rolled and annealed;hot-rolled, annealed,and acid cleaned;hot-rolled and mechanically cleaned;mechanical properties as specified.
7.1.3Cold-Finished Bars—Cold-drawn;cold-drawn and centerless ground;cold-drawn and annealed to specified me-chanical properties.
7.1.4Cold-Rolled Sheet and Strip—Cold-rolled;deep draw quality;cold-rolled and annealed to specified mechanical properties.
7.1.5Wire—Cold-drawn;cold-drawn and annealed to speci-fied mechanical properties.
7.1.6Shaped Bar and Wire—Cold-worked;cold-worked and annealed to specified mechanical properties.
8.Magnetic Property Requirements—General
Requirements
8.1Test Methods—Becau of the extremely high magnetic permeabilities developed in the alloys after heat treatment, the u of permeameters(Test Method A341/A341M)is expressly forbidden.Allowable test methods are tho using ring-type specimens.
8.2Test Specimen—Whenever possible,test specimen size and shape shall conform to tho listed in Practice A34/ A34M.Specimen shapes such as stacked laminations,solid rings,and spirally wound tape and wire cores are necessary for the most accurate results.If,however,the product form or dimensions precludes the u of a preferred test specimen,the specimen shape and size shall be mutually agreed upon between the producer and ur.
8.3Density—The assumed densities of the materials for purpos of magnetic testing shall be as follows:
Assumed Density Alloy Type UNS No.g/cm3(kg/m3)
1K944908.178170
2K948408.258250
3N140768.588580
4(4%Mo)N140808.748740
4(5%Mo)N140808.778770
8.4Heat Treatment—The heat treatment applied to the test specimen shall be mutually agreed upon between the producer and ur.If no such agreement exists,the heat treatment applied to the test specimen shall be chon by the producer to exceed the magnetic property requirements listed in Tables2 and3of this specification.Refer to Appendix X2for informa-tion on heat treatment of the alloys.
9.dc Magnetic Property Requirements
9.1dc magnetic testing shall be the only magnetic test methods ud for all product forms and sizes other than thin
TABLE1Chemical Requirements(Weight Percent)
Alloy1Alloy2Alloy3Alloy4
UNS K94490UNS K94840UNS N14076UNS N14080 Carbon,max.0.050.050.050.05 Mangane,max.0.800.80 1.50.80
Silicon,max.0.500.500.500.50 Phosphorus,max.0.030.030.020.02
Sulfur,max.0.010.010.010.01 Chromium0.30max.0.30max. 2.0-3.00.30max. Nickel43.5-46.547.0-49.075.0-78.079.0-82.0 Molybdenum0.30max.0.30max.0.50max. 3.5-6.0 Cobalt,max.0.500.500.500.50
Copper0.30max.0.30max. 4.0-6.00.30max.
Iron A balance balance balance balance
幸福时刻A Iron is the balance by difference.Quantitative analysis of this element is not
required.
strip and sheet.Thin sheet and strip is defined asflat-rolled product having a thickness of0.0200in.(0.508mm)or less.
9.2Testing shall be conducted using either Test Method A596/A596M or Test Method A773/A773M.
9.3The dc magnetic property requirements after appropriate heat treatment are shown in Table2.The symbol d refers to the minimum dimension such as thickness or diameter.
10.ac Magnetic Property Requirements(Thin Sheet and
Strip Only)
10.1ac magnetic testing shall be ud for all strip and sheet with a thickness of0.0200in.(0.508mm)or less.
10.2Testing shall consist of impedance permeability mea-surement and shall be conducted using Test Method A772.
10.3The ac magnetic property requirements after appropri-ate heat treatment are shown in Table3.
10.3.1For thickness not listed,the requirements shall be determined by linear interpolation of data shown in Table3.
10.3.2For thickness outside the ranges shown in Table3, the ac magnetic property requirements shall be as mutually agreed between the producer and ur.
11.Typical Physical and Mechanical Properties
11.1Typical physical and mechanical properties are listed in Appendix X1.
12.Dimensions and Tolerances
12.1Dimensions and tolerances for all product forms and sizes shall be as mutually agreed upon between the producer and ur.In lieu of such agreement,the tolerances listed in the latest issue of the following specifications shall apply.
12.1.1Bars and Billets—Specification A484/A484M.
TABLE2dc Magnetic Property Requirements
N OTE1—The coercivefield strength for Alloy Types1and2is determined from a maximum induction of10kG(1.0T),while for Alloy Types3and 4the coercivefield strength is determined from a maximum induction of5kG(0.5T).
Product Form and Size Magnetic Property
Alloy
Type1
UNS
K94490
Alloy
Type2
UNS
K94840
Alloy
Type3
UNS
N14076
Alloy
鲫鱼饵料配方大全Type4
UNS
N14080
课后延时服务Billet(all sizes)
Bar,Wire,Plate,Plate Coil d>0.500in.(12.7mm)(Relative)
Permeability at40G
(14mT),min
(35000)
(Relative)
Permeability at100G
(10mT),min
45006000 (42000)
(Relative)Maximum
Permeability,min
3500050000 (175000)
Coercive Field
Strength,Oe(A/m),
max.
0.080
(6.4)
0.075
(6.0)
...
0.025
(2.0)
Bar,Wire,Plate,Plate Coil d#0.500in.
阿罗纳克斯(12.7mm)(Relative)
Permeability at40G
(4mT),min
(35000)
(Relative)
Permeability at100G
(10mT),min
50007500 (42000)
(Relative)Maximum
Permeability,min
4000060000 (175000)
Coercive Fieldxnxg
Strength,Oe(A/m),
max.
0.080
(6.4)
0.070
(5.6)
...
0.025
(2.0)
Sheet and Strip香芋蒸肉
0.0600#d#0.187in.
(1.52#d#4.75mm)(Relative)
Permeability at40G
(4mT),min
(35000)
(Relative)
Permeability at100G
(10mT),min
60008000 (42000)
(Relative)Maximum
Permeability,min
5000090000 (200000)
Coercive Field
Strength,Oe(A/m),
max.
0.080
(6.4)
0.070
(5.6)
...
0.025
(2.01)
Sheet and Strip
0.0200<d<0.0700in.
(0.508<d<1.52mm)(Relative)
Permeability at40g
(4mT),min
(5000050000)
(Relative)
Permeability at100G
(10mT),min
750090006500065000
(Relative)Maximum
Permeability,min
55000100000230000230000
Coercive Field
Strength,Oe(A/m),max.
0.070
(5.6)
0.060
(4.8)
0.015
(1.2)
0.015
(1.2)
12.1.2Plate,Sheet,and Strip —Specification A 480/A 480M.
12.1.3Wire and Wire Rod —Specification A 555/A 555M.13.Rejection and Rehearing
13.1Material that fails to conform to the requirements of this specification may be rejected.Rejection should be reported to the producer promptly and in writing.In ca of dissatisfac-tion with the results of the test,the producer may make claim for a rehearing.14.Certification
14.1When specified in the purcha order or contract,the ur shall be furnished certification that samples reprenting each lot have been either tested or inspected as directed in this specification and the requirements have been met.When specified in the purcha order or contract,a report of the test results shall be furnished to the ur from the producer.15.Packaging and Package Marking
15.1Packaging shall be subject to agreement between the producer and ur.
15.2Material furnished under this specification shall be identified by the name or symbol of the producer,alloy type,grade where appropriate,heat number,and product size.Each heat supplied on an order must be identified and packaged parately.16.Keywords
16.1bar;billet;nickel-iron;permeability;plate;sheet;strip;wire
APPENDIXES
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.TYPICAL PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
X1.1Typical physical and mechanical properties are listed in Tables X1.1-X1.3,respectively.The properties are pro-vided for information only and are not subject to measurement and certification on an order.
TABLE 360–Hz ac Magnetic Property Requirements
N OTE 1—Alloy Type 2Grade 1is not normally produced in thickness greater than 0.014in.(0.35mm).
Alloy Type and Grade Thickness in.(mm)
Minimum (Relative)Impedance Permeability (µz)
at the Peak Flux Density of:40G (4mT)200G (20mT)2000G (200mT)4000G (400mT)8000G (800mT)Type 2UNS K94840Grade 1
0.014(0.0.010(0.0.006(0.15)12000
18000
44000
...
...
Type 2UNS K94840Grade 2
0.020(0.0.014(0.35)6500120002700040000410000.010(0.25)7000130003200042000500000.006(0.15)7000140003100041000570000.004(0.010)400070003000041000550000.002(0.05)4000
7000
30000
41000
55000
Type 4UNS N14080
0.020(0.0.014(0.0.010(0.0.006(0.0.004(0.0.002(0.0.001(0.025)
60000
75000
130000
...
...
TABLE X1.1Typical Physical Properties of Annealed Alloy
Alloy 1UNS K94490
Alloy 2UNS K94840Alloy 3UNS N14076Alloy 4UNS N14080Electrical (µV -cm)55496060Resistivity (µV -mm)550490600600Saturation Induction,kG 16.015.5 6.97.8(T) 1.60 1.550.690.78Density,(g/cm3)8.178.258.588.74-8.77(kg/m3)8170825085808740-8770
Curie Temperature,°C 440
482
请示函
399
460
Mean Linear Coefficient of Expansion,µm/m/°C 20to 100°C 7.18.412.511.520to 500°C 8.29.814.414.020to 1000°C
13.413.516.2
15.9
X2.HEAT TREATMENT OF TEST SPECIMENS
X2.1Producers usually evaluate the magnetic capability of a test lot using a standard heat treatment practice which should be listed on the material certification.Dry hydrogen atmo-spheres,high annealing temperatures,and prolonged heating periods are ud for obtaining the best magnetic performance.X2.2The general heat treatment practice for the alloys is:X2.2.1Place the prepared test specimens in a aled (leak-free)retort or equivalent;
X2.2.2U a circulated dry hydrogen atmosphere having an entrance dewpoint of –60°F (–51°C)or lower and a free oxygen content of less than 2ppm;
X2.2.3Heat to a temperature of 2050to 2150°F (1120to 1180°C)and hold for a period of 2to 6h.If retort construction permits,even higher temperatures can be ud;and
X2.2.4Cool to room temperature at a rate as prescribed by the producer.Clo adherence to prescribed cooling rates is particularly important when heat treating Alloy Types 3or 4.X2.3This general procedure is recommended for determi-nation of magnetic capability and can be ud on a production basis.Where applications do not require the ultimate in magnetic performance,a less costly heat treatment practice can be ud by the ur.
X2.4To maintain proper qualification,it is recommended that the producer and ur u a common h
eat treatment practice to establish the acceptance quality rating of a lot.
TABLE X1.2Typical Mechanical Properties of Cold-Rolled Hard
Temper Strip
Strip Items 0.100-in.(2.54-mm)Maximum Thickness
Alloy 1UNS K94490
Alloy 2UNS K94840Alloy 3UNS N14076Alloy 4UNS N140800.2%Offt
Yield strength (150(MPa)793
931
...
1030
Ultimate tensile strength (
160(MPa)827965
1100
Elongation 50.8mm (%)42...2Hardness (HR 15T)
93
93
...
94
TABLE X1.3Typical Mechanical Properties of Mill Annealed Strip
Strip Items 0.100-in.(2.54-mm)Maximum Thickness
Alloy 1UNS K94490
Alloy 2UNS K94840Alloy UNS N14076Alloy 4UNS N140800.2%offt
Yield strength (ksi)32303032(MPa)220
210
210
220
Ultimate tensile strength (ksi)72738084(MPa)500500550580Elongation in 2in.(%)38
38
43
40
or 50.8mm (%)Hardness (HR 15T)
808078
81
