英语学习
it 3 Section B
Phras
1. come to grips with: start dealing with 着⼿解决
be at grips with 在认真对付
take a grip on onelf 有⾃控能⼒
他讲了很多，但始终没有涉及主题。
He talked a lot, but never came to grips with the key point.
当我们舒适地⽣活的时候，那⾥的⼈们正在与贫穷作⽃争。
While we are living in comfort, people there are at grips with poverty.
2. be of + 抽象名词: ud to describe a person or an object, just the same as “be + adj.” in meaning
反败为胜对我们的信⼼提升⾄关重要。
Victory out of defeat was of utmost importance to the buildup of our confidence.
⽤得着我时，⼀定跟我说⼀声。
Be sure to tell me if I can be of any u.
3. in contrast to: contrary to 与……形成鲜明对照
你认为我们的计划要落空，⽽我却深信我们的计划会成功。
In contrast to your belief that our plan will fall through, I am confident that it will turn out to be successful.
与同屋其他同学相⽐，我⽣活得轻松⾃在。
In contrast to my classmates in the same dormitory, I lead a free and easy life.
4. be related to:
be connected or associated with与相关，与有联系
专家们认为该地区⼤量的癌症病例与这⼀地区的污染直接有关。
Experts believe that a great number of cancer cas in the area are directly related to the polluted environment.
他学习成绩下滑与其迷恋⽹络游戏有间接关系。
His drop in academic performance is indirectly related to his indulgence in online games.
5. any approach to a problem: any method of dealing with a problem 解决问题的任何⽅法
致谢语如果任何解决问题的⽅法不奏效，我们就求助于上级。
If any approach to the problem does not work, let’s resort to the authority.
不同的⼈会针对⼀个问题提出不同的解决⽅法。
Different people may come up with different approaches to a problem.
6. distinguish from: show the difference between; t apart from 与相区别
⼤象有长⿐，因此和其他动物不同。
Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long nos.
乐于接受挑战使他有别于其他孩⼦。
His willingness to embrace challenges distinguishes him from other children.
7. thereby: ad. becau of what has just been mentioned 因此，从⽽
他进赛场时⼼理压⼒太⼤，因此与⾦牌失之交臂。
He went into the site of contest under too great mental pressure, thereby losing the gold medal by a narrow margin. 他总是好⾼骛远，结果终⽣⼀事⽆成。
He is always attempting to reach for what is beyond his grasp, thereby, to go nowhere all his life.
8. harmony: a state of complete agreement (in feelings, ideas, etc.) 和谐，⼀致
⼀个和谐的社会，即⼀个⼈⼈都彼此和睦相处的社会，将⽴于不败之地。
A society of harmony, of everyone being happy with each other, will w
in the day.
我们逐渐意识到，⼈不是要征服⾃然⽽是要与其和睦相处的观点是多么伟⼤。
We have come to realize what a wi idea it is that man should live in harmony with nature rather than conquer it.
9. be true of: be valid, relevant, or applicable to 对适⽤，符合于
我承认我们的婚姻没有了浪漫，但许多夫妇也都如此。
I accept that romance has gone out of our marriage, but that is true of many other couples.
有证据表明：善有善报，恶有恶报。
Evidence tells that good is rewarded with good, and the same is true of evil.
10. consult:
go to sb. for information, advice, etc. 请教，咨询，找商量水蓝色
go to a book, etc. for information
查阅，查看
exchange opinion, information, etc.
with a person 交换意见, 商议
陕西大专院校排名关于这件事，没必要征求你好朋友的意见。
There is no need to consult your best friend on the matter.
⼤学⽣最好要养成查阅技术资料的习惯，以获取所需要的信息。
It is better for college students to cultivate a good habit of consulting technical data for information needed.
在采取任何⾏动之前，⼀定要和我商量。
Be sure to consult with me before taking any action.
11. fall through: fail to be completed; come to nothing 失败，成为泡影
fall back on 求助于
fall down on 未尽到
fall in with 赞成；同意
fall short of 未达到；未实现
当被证明成本过⾼时，该计划就落空了。
The plan fell through when it proved too costly.
由于未能实现预期⽬标，他痛苦⾄极。
He was in an extremity of pain for falling short of his expected goal.
12. in a different perspective: from a different angle of view 不同见解
任何事情的成功常常取决于我们能否正确地看待它。
Success in anything often depends on whether or not we can e it in the right perspective.
如果你从另⼀个⾓度看待失败，它就可能成为⼀件好事。
If you place failure in a different perspective, it may turn into a good thing.
13. press for: urge, demand, keep requesting 要求
如果你们要求的东西超出了我们的能⼒范围，我们只好终⽌合作。
If what you press for is beyond our ability, we will have to terminate our cooperation.
学生评价老师孩⼦要求越多，你越是让他满意，这样孩⼦就被惯坏了。
A child is spoiled when, the more he press for, the fuller content you give him.
14. lag behind: move, advance or develop slowly; fall behind ⾛得慢，落后
在努⼒帮助那些因洪⽔⽽⽆家可归的⼈们的事情上，我们决不能落后于其他国家。
We must not lag behind other nations in our efforts to help tho people made homeless by the floods.
他为了抽烟故意落在后⾯。
He deliberately lagged behind so he could have a smoke.
15. insist on: demand 要求；坚持认为
他们要求旅馆的整洁程度要达到
最⾼标准。
They insisted on the highest standards of cleanness in the hotel.
他坚持亲⾃调查此事。
He insisted on looking into the matter in person.
16. in a pinch: if necessary 必要时
紧要关头，⿍⼒相助，已成为我们友谊的关键组成部分。
The willingness to help in a pinch has become a key ingredient in our friendship.
该出⼿时就出⼿，应被视为维护社会和谐的正当⽅式。
The readiness to lend a hand in a pinch should be en as a right way to uphold our social harmony.
廉政情况17. convert sth./sb. to sth./sb. el: change or make something change from one form, system, etc. to another 转变
⽐赛中要把劣势变为优势不是件容易的事⼉。
It is far from a piece of cake to convert disadvantage to advantage in a match.
学好英语的关键，是将陈述性知识转变为程序性知识。
The key to studying English well is to convert the indicative knowledge into procedural one.
Sentence Patterns
1. To do sth. means doing sth. el. 想做某事就意味着……
要取得好的学习成绩意味着要全⼒以赴。
To make good academic achievement means putting your best effort forth.
与时俱进意味着随着社会的进步更新⾃⼰的思想和知识。
To make progress with times means renewing one’s thought and knowledge in accordance with social advancement.
2. Great consideration is given to sth.: One takes great account of sth.充分考虑某事
要充分考虑成功道路上的有利和不利因素。
Great consideration should be given to both favorable and unfavorable factors on the way to success.
要想使你的⽣意顺利，必须在运作前充分考虑你有多⼤把握。
For your business to go right, great consideration must be given to what cards you have before going about it.
3. It is feasible to do sth. / that …: It is possible to do sth. 很可能做成某事
我们很有可能获得这枚⾦牌。
It is quite feasible that we will win the gold medal.
她问是否可以增加对那些地区的投资。
She questioned whether it was feasible to increa investment in tho regions.
Unit 4 Section A
Phras
1. 设计⼀个⼤项⽬ work on an enormous project
2. ⾃由照耀世界 Liberty Enlightening the World
3. 爱上某⼈ be in love with sb.
4. 对某⼈的爱慕 one’s affection for sb.
5. 开始；继续 go ahead
6. ⾯容沧桑却不失坚定 someone who face reprents suffering yet strength
7. 在⼩岛上落成 be dedicated on an island
8. 出售，待售 for sale
9. 把描绘成 describe sth. as
10. 以命名 name after
11. 全球公认的 “娃娃⼥王” the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls
12. 世上最著名的不为⼈知的⼈物 the most famous unknown figure on the planet
13. 对的阐释 the interpretation of sth.
14. 美国农民庄严的⾃豪 the solemn pride of American farmers
15. 深受
的影响 be strongly influenced by
16. 为画像摆姿势 po for the portrait
17. 违背传统 go against tradition农历小年
18. 在⼤草原上漫步 wander about the great grasslands
19. 获得了⼀个职位 gain a position
20. 与签订⼀份合同 sign a contract with
21. 想出：come up with
在这个紧要关头，我们必须想出⼀个万全之策。(the urgent situation / sovereign remedy)
Under this urgent situation, we must come up with a sovereign remedy.
come up against遭遇（困难或反对）
come up to与相等，符合
come up in the world地位上升
接受⾼等教育是许多农村孩⼦出⼈头地的唯⼀机会。(receive higher education / children from rural areas)
For many children from rural areas, receiving higher education is the only chance of coming up in the world.
22. 把改造成：refashion … into …
设计师们将那些旧服装改造成流⾏款式以清理积压的产品。(designers / fashionable styles / clear off /
overstocked products) The designers refashioned tho old dress into fashionable styles to clear off the overstocked products.
transform … into …将变形，化作
convert … into …将转化成
我们可以将现在所承受的压⼒转化为推动我们⼯作的动⼒。(the stress one suffers / a pushing mover behind sth. )
We can convert the stress we suffer now into a pushing mover behind our work.
change … into …把变成
shape … into …把变成某形状
23. 引⼈注⽬: capture one’s attention
随着春节的临近，商家们想⽅设法吸引消费者的注意⼒。(draw near / go to great lengths to do sth.)
With the Spring Festival drawing near, business go to great lengths to capture consumers’ attentio
n.
to attract one’s attention
to distract one’s attention
⽗母们所担⼼的，是娱乐活动分散孩⼦学习的注意⼒。(be a worry to sb. / recreational activities)
It is a worry to parents that recreational activities will distract children from studies.
to focus one’s attention on
to hold one’s attention
24. 因赢得声誉: earn a reputation for
他因对农业发展做出了巨⼤贡献⽽赢得声誉。(agricultural development / make great contributions to)
He earned a reputation for making great contributions to the agricultural development.
enjoy a high reputation享有很⾼的声誉
这位⽼教授因其国学⽅⾯的造诣在⽂学界享有很⾼的声誉。(sinology / high attainments in / in literary circles)
The old professor enjoys a high reputation in literary circles for his attainments in sinology.
damage one’s reputation破坏某⼈的声誉
protect one’s reputation保护某⼈的声誉
live up to one’s reputation名副其实
25. 是的缩写: be short for什么是团建
AIDS 是获得性免疫功能丧失综合症的缩写。(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
AIDS is short for Acquired I
mmune Deficiency Syndrome.
be short of sth. 缺乏某物
be short with sb. 对某⼈粗暴⽆理
be short on sth. 缺少（某种特质）
总之，他擅长的是剽窃，缺乏的是道德。(be long on sth. / piracy)
In short, he is long on piracy but short on morality.
in short总之，简⾔之
26. approve of赞成 / 赞许
出于根深蒂固的偏见，⼤多数⽗母不会赞同⾃⼰的⼉⼦去当护⼠。(out of / deep-rooted prejudice / become a nur)
Out of deep-rooted prejudice, most parents would not approve of their sons becoming nurs.
27. ri to fame 成名
⼀些不切实际的年轻⼈总是梦想着⼀夜成名，腰缠万贯。(unrealistic young people / dream of / overnight / have money to burn)
Some unrealistic young people always dream of rising to fame overnight and having a large sum of
money to burn.
28. save … from … 使免于
拥有⾦卡可以使你在银⾏取钱时免去排队等待的烦恼。(have a golden card / draw money from the bank / wait in line / the trouble of doing sth. )
Having a golden card saves you from the trouble of waiting in line when you want to draw money from the bank.
29. liberate … from … 把从中解放出来
妇⼥解放运动把⼴⼤妇⼥从封建的婚姻制度中解放出来。(women’s liberation / the broad mass of women / feudalistic marriage system)
Women’s Liberation liberated the broad mass of women from the feudalistic marriage system.
30. evolve from (从演化 / 发展⽽来)
他们的爱情是从⼀次偶然的相遇发展起来的。(romantic love / a chance meeting)
Their romantic love evolved from a chance meeting.
Sentence Patterns
1. ⽤于表述“某⼈做某事的执着或固执”。
His mother could not approve of her son’s affection for a woman she had never met, but Bartholdi went ahead and married his love in 1876.
他母亲不赞成⾃⼰的⼉⼦和⼀个她没有见过的⼥⼦恋爱，然⽽巴托尔迪不为所动，和⼼中所爱于 1876 年结为伉俪。
Some people don’t approve of / disapprove of / object to sb.’s doing sth., but sb. go ahead and … ⼀些⼈不同意／反对某⼈做某事，但某⼈不为所动，仍
他的⽗母不赞成他整⽇上⽹聊天，但他不为所动，仍然天天沉迷于此。(all day long / chat online / indulge in)
His parents didn’t approve of his chatting online all day long, but he went ahead and indulged himlf in it every day.
她的⽗母不赞同她学医，但她不为所动，结果成为⼀名出⾊的医⽣。(study medicine / turn out / a distinguished doctor)
Her parents disapproved of her studying medicine, but she went ahead and turned out to be a distinguished doctor.
2. ⽤于表述“某⼈做了某事，虽然存有不完美之处”。
Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-American—although with an exaggerated breast size—version and named it after Barbara, who was then
a teenager.
马特尔公司将这个娃娃做了⼀番改造，变成了体⾯⽽地道的美国版本，尽管胸围有些夸张。它以当时 10 多岁的少⼥芭芭拉的名字命名。
Sb. do sth.—although … (省略从句) —, and … 某⼈做了某事，尽管，⽽且
公司想到了更好的促销策略，尽管成本更⾼⼀些，它有效地解决了公司的问题。 (come up with / sales promotion strategy / solve problems effectively)
The company came up with a better—although with a bit higher cost—sales promotion strategy and solved its problems effectively.
3. ⽤于表述“引⼈注⽬的是⼈意料之外的事物”。
He was strongly influenced by medieval artists and inspired by the Gothic window of an old farmhou, but the faces in his composition were what captured the world’s attention.
伍德深受中世纪艺术家的影响，他的灵感来⾃于⼀所古⽼农舍的哥特式窗户，但最令世界注⽬的是画中⼈物的脸。
Sb. do sth., but sth. el be what captures people’s attention. 某⼈做了某事，但最引⼈注⽬的却是
他在学习上取得显著进步，但最吸引⽼师注意的却是他优秀的品格。(make considerable progress in sth. / one’s excellent character)
He makes considerable progress in studies, but his excellent character is what captures the teachers’ attention.
这家宾馆卫⽣状况好，饭菜可⼝，但最吸引顾客注⽬的还是它⼀流的服务。(very clean / delicious foo
成人脑筋急转弯ds / first-class rvice) This hotel is very clean and provides delicious foods, but its first-class rvice is what captures the customers’ attention.
4. ⽤于表述“某⼈与众不同之处”。
While white people had previously been ud as models for most American coins, famed artist James Earle Frar went against tradition by using three actual American Indians as models for his creation.
此前⼀直是⽩⼈被⽤作美国镍币上的模特，⽽著名的艺术家詹姆斯 ? 厄尔 ? 弗雷泽却反传统⽽⾏之，起⽤了三名真正的美洲印第安⼈作为⾃⼰创作的原型。
While people do sth., sb. go against … by doing … ⼀些⼈，⽽某⼈却通过反其道⽽⾏之。
⼤部分公司邀请知名明星为其产品进⾏推销，⽽这家公司却反传统⽽⾏之，雇佣了⼀个⽆名⼩卒。(well-known pop stars / promote the sale of products / hire a nobody)
While most companies invite well-known pop stars to promote the sale of their products, this one goes against tradition by hiring a nobody.
5. ⽤于表述“佐证”。
According to one story, when a government official visited the plant and asked about the letters, a creative employee told him “US” was short for “Uncle Sam” Wilson.
传说有⼀回，有个政府官员来参观加⼯⼚，问及这些字母的含义，⼀个想象⼒丰富的雇员告诉他，“US” 是“⼭姆⼤叔” 威尔逊的缩
写。
According to sb. / a report / a story / a survey / a legend, sth. happened / sb. did sth. 据某⼈说／据报道／传说／据调查／传说，发⽣了某事／某⼈做过某事。
据传说，这块巨⽯是⼀位⼥⼦为了等候远⽅的情郎化⾝⽽成的。(huge rock / distant lover / the transformation of) According to a legend, this huge rock was the transformation of a girl waiting for her distant lover.
6. ⽤于表述“通过对某⼈／物的细节描述，对其进⾏特别界定”。
That version—a tall man with white hair and a small white beard on his chin, a dark blue coat and a tall hat with stars on it—was a lf-portrait of Flagg.
⼭姆⼤叔的形象是：⾼个⼦，⽩头发，下巴上有⼀⼩撮⽩胡⼦，⾝着深蓝⾊外套，头戴⼀顶⾼帽，上有星星点缀。这模样其实就是弗拉格的⾃画像。
Sb. / Sth.—… (a detailed description of sb. or sth.)—be … 某⼈ / 物—— （对某⼈ / 物的详细描述）——是
那个留着⼩胡⼦，⼿持⼿杖，⾝着肥⼤的裤⼦与燕尾服的⼈物就是卓别林。 (with a tiny mustache / a cane / huge pants / tailor coats / the character)
That character—a man with a tiny mustache, carrying a little cane in his hand and wearing huge pants and tailor coats—is Charlie Chaplin.
那本有着红⾊封⾯以及精美设计的精装书是⾮常昂贵的版本。(with red cover / elaborate designs / hardback / edition)
That edition—a hardback with red cover and elaborate designs—is very expensive.
Unit 4 Section B
Phras
1. turn sb. / sth. down: refu to accept sb. / sth. 拒绝，驳回
他想参军，但因⾝体不好被拒绝了。
He tried to join the army but was turned down becau of poor health.
我恐怕你要求加⼯资的请求⼜被拒绝了。
I’m afraid your request for a pay ri was turned down again.
2. be suited to: be suitable for 适合于
有些⼈就是不适合这个竞争的世界。
Some people are simply not suited to the competitive world.
吉姆和玛丽似乎是天⽣的⼀对，尽管他们有时会吵架。
Jim and Mary em suited to each other, in spite of their occasional quarrels.
3. crush
