第九章 代词
168中学 黄建多 王景凤
一、 人称代词
1、 在没有谓语的句子中，人称代词常用宾格。如：
________Glad to e you.
________Me,too.
2、 代词they（不分性别）指代已提到过的一些人或物，在口语中还可以代替he or she，此外，they还可以泛指一般人。如：
The Browns phoned.They are coming round this evening.
If anyone arrives late,they will have to wait outside.(代替he or she)
They say we are going to have a hot summer.
二、 物主代词
1、 物主代词即人称代词的所有格形式，它可分为形容词性物主代词（my,your,his,her,its,our,their）和名词性物主代词（mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs）。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能作名词或动名词的定语。如：
This is our classroom.
Would you mind my opening the door?
动名词的复合结构（作动名词的定语或被称为动名词的逻辑主语。）
2名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,可以单独作主语、宾语、表语。此外，名词性物主代词还可以与名词及of连用，构成双重所有格。即a/an/this/that/the/tho/some/any/veral/no/each/every/such/another/which+名词+of+名词性物主代词。如：
Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party.
三、 反身代词
1. 反身代词的基本用法
作宾语。如：
Tom taught himlf English.
The boy is old enough to take care of himlf.
作表语。如：
She is not quite herlf today.
作同位语。如
I mylf can repair the bike.
2.含有反身代词的惯用语
(1)与介词连用
You will have to e if he has gone to the school for yourlf.(for onelf亲自)
The computer may shut off of itlf.(of onelf自动地)
Jim likes playing jokes on others,but he is not bad in himlf.(in onelf本质上)
One would rather have a bedroom to onelf.( to onelf=for one’s private u,not to be shared独自享用)
I can’t finish the work by mylf.(by onelf=alone,without help单独地，独自地)
He was beside himlf with joy when he heard he had pasd the exam.(beside onelf=almost mad with anger/excitement,etc.由于气愤、激动等而近乎发狂、忘形)
（2）与动词连用
Enjoy onelf=have a good time=have fun玩的愉快
Devote onelf to doing sth.=be devoted to doing sth.献身于做某事
be devoted to sb对某人忠诚
Apply onelf to doing sth.专心致志于做某事
心脏肥大如何治疗
Dedicate onelf to doing sth.=be dedicated to doing sth.献身于做某事
Give one’s life to doing sth献身于做某事
Adapt/adjust onelf to适应于…（后通常跟环境类的名词），adjust A to B根据B来调整A
Treat onelf to sth.用…款待自己
Make onelf at home不要客气
Seat onelf=be ated=sit就坐
Sb face sth=sb be faced with sth某人面对某事
谤
Eg:The boy ated besides me is John.=The boy sitting besides me is John.
The girl faced with difficulty is Mary.=The girl facing difficulty is Mary.
Think for onelf=form one’s own opinion独立思考（形成看法、做出决定等）
Be onelf处于正常状态，显得自然
Boast oelf自夸
Come to （onelf）苏醒过来，恢复自制力
Find onelf +地点：不知不觉发现自己来到…
Help onelf to sth.为自己/某人取用…
四、 指示代词
1、 指上文提到的事，一般用that;有时也用this；指下文或将要提到的事物，常用this或the。
男人为什么抽烟
He said I was lying ,and that was unfair.
I want you to remember this:Practice makes perfect.
书签怎么画2.this/that的一些固定搭配。
That is to say那就是说
That’s it正是如此，对啦！
That’s enough那就够了。
That(this)will do那（这）正好！（do在这里是不及物动词，意思是“起作用”）
That’s that就这么定了。
2. 指示代词such的用法
（1） 指前面所述的人或事物，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，意为“这样”。
The damage was such that it would cost thousands to repair.
I have never en such an exciting scene before.
注意：such置于句首作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面的名词或代词。引导的句子用完全倒装形式。
Such is Yaoming,a great basketball player in China.
Such are the facts;no one can deny it..
(2)和all,no,any,some,other,aother,every,many,veral等词连用时，such要放在这些词的后面。如：
All such mistakes can be avoided.
All such problems have been solved.
(3)如果such修饰单数可数名词，且与不定冠词连用时须置于其前，但当such前面有no时，则不用不定冠词a/an。
No such person exists.
He is such an intelligent student that no wonder he is always getting the first place.
3. 指示代词so的用法
（1） 代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情，意思是“如此，这样”。
Even if he notices,she never says so.球的英语怎么写
(2)在believe,think,expect,suppo,imagine,guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点。既可以用于肯定句中，也可以用于否定句中。不写作业的危害
________Is she coming tonight
_________I think so./I don’t think so.
(3)用在hope,I am afraid,I guess后，代替前文提出的观点，此时，只能用在肯定句中(构成I hope so,I am afraid so,I guess so )；若用于否定句中，则用I hope not,I guess not或I’m afraid not..
五、 疑问代词
1. what与who的区别
一般来说，what问职业、地位；who问的是姓名或身份。如：
___________What is the man over there?
___________He is a teacher.
_________Who is that man?
____________He is her husband.
2. what,which的区别
what是在未知范围内进行选择，后面不可跟of短语；which是在已知范围内进行选择，后面可跟of短语。如：
What do you want to read?
Which (of he animals)is bigger,an elephone or a hor?
3.关于whatever,whichever,whoever与no matter what/which/who的区别及用法：
（1） whatever=anything that…用于引导名词性从句。
whatever=no matter what…用于引导让步状语从句。
我国的世界遗产
Eg:Whatever he likes will be given [to him].= Anything (that he likes )will be given [to him].=[No matter what/whatever he likes],it用激动造句 will be given [to him].
