第9讲副词
第9讲副词康熙艳史
［复习要点］
9.1 副词的种类
和形容词一样，副词在句中也属于修饰范畴。形容词主要修饰名词，而副词则主要用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句，以表示程度、方式、时间、地点以及对话语的态度等。
⑴从形态上看，大多数副词都是由“形容词＋后缀-ly”构成的，例如：slowly, heavily, truly, terribly等。有些副词是由“地点名词＋后缀-ward(s)”构成的，例如：backward(s) 向后，downward(s) 向下，northward(s) 向北，skyward(s) 向天空，等。
英语中还有少数与形容词同形的副词，例如：daily, early, fast, hard, high, long, near, straight, well等。请比较它们的词义和用法：
钢铁是怎样炼成的阅读笔记
the high jump 跳高项目（形容词）
to jump high跳得高（副词）
右眼跳是怎么回事
a fast car 行得快的汽车（形容词）
to drive fast开快车（副词）
an early rir 早起的人（形容词）
to get up early起得早（副词）
a straight line 直线（形容词）
Go straight ahead. 一直朝前走。（副词）
⑵从词义上看，副词又可以分为以下五种：
①方式副词，如：angrily, badly, carefully, loudly, politely, quickly, slowly, warmly等；
②程度副词，如：almost, enough, hardly, little, much, quite, rather, still, terribly, too, very等；
③时间副词，如：ago, away, before, later on, right now, soon, then, today, tomorrow, tonight, yesterday等；
④地点副词，如：above, abroad, anywhere, away, back, below, down, downstairs, everywhere, here, home, in, inside, on, out, outside, there, up等；
⑤频度副词，如；again and again, always, ever, every year, hardly, never, often, once, ldom, veral times, sometimes, usually等。
⑶从句法功能上看，副词可以分为以下三种：
①连接副词，如：when, where, how, why, whether等，引导主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句；
②疑问副词，如：when, how, where, why等，位于句首构成特殊疑问句；
③关系副词，如：when, where, why等，引导定语从句。
9.2 副词的基本用法
副词在句中主要用作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。
⑴修饰动词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式、频度等。一般位于动词之后，如果动词有宾语，则要位于宾语之后。频度副词常位于助动词和连系动词be 之后或实义动词之前。例如：
He arrived only yesterday. 他是昨天才到的。
蜜蜡最简单的鉴别方法There were clothes lying here and there on the floor.
I have been terribly worried about you all day.
She plays the piano very well.
The boy is always asking his parents for money.
She never goes to the cinema.
⑵修饰形容词、副词、介词短语，一般前置，只有enough例外，需要后置。例如：
She ems quite happy.
You’ve done rather badly in the test.
The wind was right in our faces.
This girl is not old enough to go to school.
He didn’t run fast enough to catch the train.
⑶用作表语，多为与介词同形的副词和表示方位的副词。例如：
Is anybody in?
Father is away.
I am downstairs and my brother is upstairs.
椅子简笔画My friend is still abroad.
⑷少数表示地点或时间的副词还可用作定语，一般位于名词之后。例如：
I hope you’ll enjoy your stay here.
I met a friend of mine on my way home.
What did you think of the meeting yesterday?
［考题分析］
1．〈选择填空〉— One more satellite was nt up into space in China in May.
— Right. The government spoke ______ that.
A. highly for
B. high of
C. well of
D. highly of
分析本题考点为speak highly of，其中用的是副词highly。答案 D
2．〈选择填空〉Some studies have shown that students who eat good breakfast stay ______ and do ______ than tho who don’t.
A. thin, well
B. thinner, better
C. the thinnest, the best
D. thinnest, best
分析本题第1空格为形容词，第2空格为副词。后半句中有than一词，说明要求使用比较级。答案 B 3．〈选择填空〉It is ______ to work out this problem. You needn’t go to the teacher.
A. enough easy
B. easily enough
C. easy enough
D. very easily
分析副词enough的位置问题是一个常见的考点，它通常位于形容词或副词的后面。
答案 C
4．〈同义句〉There was a heavy rain last night.
______ ______ ______ last night.
分析我们知道，大多数副词和形容词之间存在着同义转换关系，例如：He is a slow runner. →He runs slowly. 本题即可从这里找到答案，但同时要注意动词的用法。
答案It rained heavily last night.
［巩固练习］
一、用所给形容词或副词的适当形式填空：
1. It is in the south than in the north. (warm)
2. French is not ud so as English. (widely)
3. His brother is quite . He is the in his class. (strong)
4. Which goes , a hor or a dog? (fast)
5. The sun is to the earth than many other stars. (near)
6. The you speak, the we shall understand you. (clearly, well)
7. She fell yesterday and she feels even today. (ill)
8. Christmas in the west is as as the Spring Festival in China. (important)
9. The Changjiang River is one of the rivers in the world. (long)
10. We are too tired to go any . (far)
11. This work is quite ________. I think he can do it quite ________. (easy)
12. Travelling by air is much ________ than travelling by train. (expensive)
苹果手机反应慢
13. He spoke too ________ for us to follow. Have you ever heard a person who speaks ________ than him? (quickly)
14. This photo is very ________, but that one is ________ than this one. (old)
15. My friend doesn’t feel ________ enough today, but I believe he’ll be ________ tomorrow.(well)袖扣怎么用
二、用适当的介词或副词填空：
1. all the boys his class, he runs fastest.
2. You cannot let dirty smoke the air.
3. They are waiting the bus the bus stop.
散文两篇4. her way home, she bought some bread dinner.
5. The little boy woke very early Christmas Day.
