在A4纸已写好的姓名前,写上班级、学号。
溜肝尖的做法翻译蓝色的文字。黑色的中文仅供参考。先写英-汉,再写汉-英:
Biolinguistics
Biolinguistics is the study of the biology and evolution of language. It is a highly interdisciplinary field, including linguists, biologists, neuroscientists, psychologists, mathematicians, and others.
Origins
The biolinguistic perspective began to take shape half a century ago, among the linguists influenced by the developments in biology and mathematics. Eric Lenneberg’s Biological Foundations of Language remains a basic document of the field. In 1974, the first Biolinguistic conference was organized by Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini, bringing together evolutionary biologists, neuroscientists, linguists, and others interested in the development of language in the individual, its origins, and evolution. Biolinguistics, shifting the focus of investigation in linguistics to a comprehensive scheme that embraces natural sciences, promis to yield a framework by which we can understand the fundamentals of the Faculty of Language.
Developments
Recent work in theoretical linguistics and cognitive studies at MIT construes human language as a highly non-redundant species-specific system. Noam Chomsky’s latest contribution to the study of the mind in general and language in particular is his minimalist approach to syntactic reprentations. This effort to understand how much of language can be given a principled explanation has resulted in the Minimalist Program . In syntax, lexical items are merged externally, building argument reprentations; next, the internal merge induces movement and creates constituent structures where each is part of a larger unit. This mechanism allows us to combine words into infinite strings. If this is true, then our objective is to find out as much as we can about the principles underlying mental recursion.
怎么挽回狮子座Hypothesis
It is possible that the core principles of the Language Faculty can be correlated to natural laws (such as for example, the Fibonacci quence —an array of numbers where each concutive number is a sum of the two that precede it, e for example the discussion Urigereka 1997 and Carnie and Medeiros 2005) (5). According to the hypothesis being developed, the esntial properties of langua
ge ari from nature itlf: the efficient growth requirement appears everywhere, from the pattern of petals in flowers, leaf arrangements in trees and the spirals of a ashell to the structure of DNA and proportions of human head and body. If this law applies to existing systems of cognition, both in humans and non-humans, then what allows our mind to create language? Could it be that a single cycle exists, a unique component of which gives ri to our ability to construct ntences, refer to ourlves and other persons, group objects and establish relations between them, and eventually understand each other? The answer to this question will be
a landmark breakthrough, not only within linguistics but in our understanding of cognition in general.
This approach is not without its critics. David Poeppel, the neuroscientist and linguist, has characterized the Biolinguistics program as "inter-disciplinary cross-sterilization", arguing that vague metaphors that ek to relate linguistic phenomena to biological phenomena explains nothing about language or biology.
朱自清《绿》
情人节宣传语我第二次到仙岩的时候,我惊诧于梅雨潭的绿了。
梅雨潭是一个瀑布潭。仙瀑有三个瀑布,梅雨瀑最低。走到山边,便听见花花花花的声音;抬起头,镶在两条湿湿的黑边儿里的,一带白而发亮的水便呈现于眼前了。
我们先到梅雨亭。梅雨亭正对着那条瀑布;坐在亭边,不必仰头,便可见它的全体了。亭下深深的便是梅雨潭。这个亭踞在突出的一角的岩石上,上下都空空儿的;仿佛一只苍鹰展着翼翅浮在天宇中一般。三面都是山,像半个环儿拥着;人如在井底了。这是一个秋季的薄阴的天气。微微的云在我们顶上流着;岩面与草丛都从润湿中透出几分油油的绿意。而瀑布也似乎分外的响了。那瀑布从上面冲下,仿佛已被扯成大小的几绺;不复是一幅整齐而平滑的布。岩上有许多棱角;瀑流经过时,作急剧的撞击,便飞花碎玉般乱溅着了。那溅着的水花,晶莹而多芒;远望去,像一朵朵小小的白梅,微雨似的纷纷落着。据说,这就是梅雨潭之所以得名了。但我觉得像杨花,格外确切些。轻风起来时,点点随风飘散,那更是杨花了。--这时偶然有几点送入我们温暖的怀里,便倏的钻了进去,再也寻它不着。
梅雨潭闪闪的绿色招引着我们;我们开始追捉她那离合的神光了。揪着草,攀着乱石,小心探身下去,又鞠躬过了一个石穹门,便到了汪汪一碧的潭边了。瀑布在襟袖之间;但我的心中已没有瀑布了。我的心随潭水的绿而摇荡。那醉人的绿呀,仿佛一张极大极大的荷叶铺着,满是奇异的绿呀。我想张开两臂抱住她;但这是怎样一个妄想呀。--站在水边,望到那面,居然觉着有些远呢!这平铺着,厚积着的绿,着实可爱。她松松的皱缬着,像少妇拖着的裙幅;她轻轻的摆弄着,像跳动的初恋
的处女的心;她滑滑的明亮着,像涂了“明油”一般,有鸡蛋清那样软,那样嫩,令人想着所曾触过的最嫩的皮肤;她又不杂些儿法滓,宛然一块温润的碧玉,只清清的一色--但你却看不透她!我曾见过北京什刹海指地的绿杨,脱不了鹅黄的底子,似乎太淡了。我又曾见过杭州虎跑寺旁高峻而深密的“绿壁”,重叠着无穷的碧草与绿叶的,那又似乎太浓了。其余呢,西湖的波太明了,秦淮河的又太暗了。可爱的,我将什么来比拟你呢?我怎么比拟得出呢?大约潭是很深的、故能蕴蓄着这样奇异的绿;仿佛蔚蓝的天融了一块在里面似的,这才这般的鲜润呀。--那醉人的绿呀!我若能裁你以为带,我将赠给那轻盈的舞女;她必能临风飘举了。我若能挹你以为眼,我将赠给那善歌的盲妹;她必明眸善睐了。我舍不得你;我怎舍得你呢?我用手拍着你,抚摩着你,如同一个十二三岁的小姑娘。我又掬你入口,便是吻着她了。我送你一个名字,我从此叫你“女儿绿”,好么?
我第二次到仙岩的时候,我不禁惊诧于梅雨潭的绿了。
wps邮件合并评论:
《绿》是朱自清先生早期的游记散文《温州的踪迹》里的一篇,作于1924年2月8日,是一篇贮满诗意的美文。文章不仅取题为《绿》,也用“绿”自然地将全文勾连在一起。
百合女同
民航飞行学院文章结构小巧,全篇只有四段文字,大约有一千二百字。这不同于一般的游记散文,而是通过梅
葵藿倾阳
雨潭的绿绿的潭水,抒写作者之情。所以,第一段只用了一句话,“我第二次到仙岩的时候,我惊诧于梅雨潭的绿了。”起笔突兀,却点了题,使读者对本文抒写的中心一目了然。“梅雨潭是一个瀑布”,写瀑布的飞流直泻,飞花碎玉般的美景,正是为了映衬梅雨潭的奇异、可爱的潭水;写梅雨亭,正是为了过渡到写亭下深深的梅雨潭。这都在为下文着意刻画梅雨潭的“绿”作好铺垫。所以,作者没有详细地描述游览的经过,而只是顺着游历的足迹,对瀑布、对梅雨亭作了简洁而形象的介绍。在描写梅雨亭与瀑布的中间,插入了这样两句话:“这是一个秋季的薄阴的天气。微微的云在我们顶上流着;岩面与草丛都从润湿中透出几分油油的绿意。”既交代了出游的时节,也从那“透出几分油油的绿意”中,扣紧“绿”字,时时与文章要描写的中心相照应。最后,全文以“我第二次到仙岩的时候,我不禁惊诧于梅雨潭的绿了”一语骤然刹笔,仍然归结到“绿”字上,与开头相映照。起笔不凡,收束利索。结尾与开头的不同处,只加了“不禁”二字,却是传神之笔。经过作者的一番描绘,连读者也“不禁”要为梅雨潭的绿所惊诧。
“绿”字不仅在文章的结构上起关连作用,它更是全文情景交融的焦点。作者象一个善调丹青的能手,调动了比喻、拟人、联想等多种手法,从各个角度,波澜起伏地描绘了奇异、可爱、温润、柔和的梅雨潭水,把自己倾慕、欢愉、神往的感情融汇在这一片绿色之中。“梅雨潭闪闪的绿色招引着我们;我们开始追捉她那离和的神光了。”“招引”与“追捉”这两个词默契得多么好啊!把梅雨潭的绿对“我”的强烈的吸引,把我领略那可爱的绿色的急切心理,融为一体,至此,情与景真象水乳那样难分解了。作者
通过比喻不仅描绘了潭水静态的美,“仿佛一张极大极大的荷叶铺着,满是奇异的绿呀”,使作者禁不住产生想抱住她的妄想;更形容了她那动态的美,“她松松的皱缬着,象少妇托着的裙幅,……”随着作者的笔触,随着作者感情的波澜,不仅我们的眼前出现了那微微泛起的绿色涟漪,而且我们的指肤间仿佛还能感触到那闪着光亮的绿波的跳动,一种柔和、明快、亲切的感情也会从心头漾起。作者甚至把她想象为“如同一个十二三岁的小姑娘”,想拍她、抚她、亲她,别致地把她叫做“女儿绿”,感情柔美到了极点。那明艳多姿的画面,那逸趣横生的情怀,多么和谐地统一在一起了。在这饱含诗情、充满生趣的绿意中,透露出作者对生活的爱,升腾着作者向上的激情。
《绿》一文之所以脍炙人口,传诵至今,不仅在于它形象地描绘了梅雨潭“奇异”“醉人”的绿,而且在于它字里行间所洋溢的那一种浓郁的诗味。它不仅具有诗的构思,诗的结构,更有诗的情感,诗的意境,诗的语言,可以说做到了以诗为文,文中有诗。而后三者,即真挚充沛的情感,大胆丰富的想象,生动传神的语言,我认为是构成《绿》的诗意特征的主要因素,是《绿》的独特魅力之所在。
生蚝的好处《绿》虽是一篇写景散文,但“一切景语皆情语”,作者将他对祖国山水的一片“至情”融于对梅雨潭景物的细致刻画之中,“溶景入情”,情景交融,使景物既写得细腻生动,又具有绵密深厚、真挚清幽的情致,抒写出“作者心灵的歌声”,从而使全文充满着诗情画意。同时,作者这种情感的抒发并不象奔腾的长江大河,一泄千里,直抒胸臆,而是在构思上采用了欲擒故纵,欲抑先扬的笔法。先以“惊诧”一词道出对梅雨潭的绿的总体感受,也象征着作者要追捉、探究梅雨潭胜景的内在驱力。然后,通过拟
声绘色、细致入微的描绘,为我们展示了一幅梅雨潭周围环境的立体画卷。
在《绿》一文中,作者还充分发挥丰富的想象力,创造出一个个鲜明、生动的形象,将读者带入如诗似画般的艺术境界,也有力地表达了作者真挚充沛地情感,产生了极强的艺术感染力。