经济学词汇英文释义
经济学词汇英文释义
一．
1. Scarcity: the limited nature of society’s resources.
2. Economics: the study of how society manages its scarce resources.
3. Efficiency: the property of society getting the most it can from its scare resources.
4. Equity: the property of distributing economic prosperity fairly among the members of society.
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5. Opportunity cost: whatever must be given up to obtain some item.
6. Rational people: people who systematically and purpofully do the best they can to achieve their objectives
7. Marginal changes: small incremental adjustments to a plan of action.
8. Incentive: something that induces a person to act.
9. Market economy: an economy that allocates resources through the decentralized
decisions of many firms and houholds as they interact in markets for goods and
rvices.
10. Property rights: the ability of an individual to own and exerci control over scarce resources.
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11. Market failure陪你一起去看草原: a situation in which a market left on its own fails to allocate resources efficiently.
12. Externality: the impact of one person’s actions on the wellbeing of a bystander.
13. Market power: the ability of a single economic actor (or small group of actors) to
have a substantial influence on market prices.
14. Productivity: the quantity of goods and rvices produced from each hour of a
worker’s time.
15. Inflation: an increa in the overall level of prices in the economy.
16. Business cycle: fluctuations in economic activity, such as employment and
production.
17. Circular-flow diagram氏怎么组词: a visual model of the economy that shows how dollars flow through markets among houholds and firms.
18. Production possibilities frontier: a graph that shows the combinations of output that the economy can possibly produce given the available factors of production and theavailable production technology.
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19.Microeconomics: the study of how houholds and firms make decisions and how
they inter in markets.
20.Macroeconomics: the study of economy-wide phenomena, including inflation, unemployment, and economic growth.
21. Positive statements: claims that attempt to describe the world as it is.
22. Normative statements: claims that attempt to prescribe how the world should be.鲁周公世家
23. Absolute advantage: the ability to produce a good using fewer inputs than another producer.
24. Comparative advantage: the ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another producer.
25. Imports: goods produced abroad and sold domestically.
26. Exports: goods produced domestically and sold abroad.
二．
灵魂摆渡经典语录1. Market: a group of buyers and llers of a particular good of rvice.
2. Competitive market: a market in which there are many buyers and many llers so that each has a negligible impact on the market price.
3. Quantity demanded: the amount of a good that buyers are willing and able to purcha.
4. Law of demand: the claim that, other things equal, the quantity demanded of a good falls when the price of the good ris.
5. Demand schedule: a table that shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.
6. Demand curve: 果汁的英文a graph of the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.
7. Normal good: a good for which, other things equal, an increa in income leads to an increa in demand.
8. Inferior good: a good for which, other things equal, an increa in income leads to a decrea in demand.
9. Substitutes: two goods for which an increa in the price of one leads to an increa in the demand for the other.
10. Complements: two goods for which an increa in the price of one leads to a decrea in the demand for the other.
11. Quantity supplied: the amount of a good that llers are willing and able to ll
12.流连忘返是什么意思 Law of supply: the claim that, other things equal, the quantity supplied of a good ris when the price of the good ris.
13. Supply schedule: a table that shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.
14. Supply curve: a graph of the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied.
15. Equilibrium: a situation in which the market price has reached the level at which quantity supplied equals quantity demanded.
16. Equilibrium price: the price that balances quantity supplied and quantity demanded.
17. Equilibrium quantity: the quantity supplied and the quantity demanded at the equilibrium price.
