全国硕士研究生入学统一考试备考资料
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题
Section I U of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choo the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)
①Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?②Becau humans have an inherent need to1uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science.③The new rearch reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will2to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will3.
①In a ries of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University Of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students’willingness to4 themlves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.②For one 5,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the rearcher claimed were from a previous experiment.③The twist?④Half of the pens would6an electric shock w
hen clicked.
①Twenty-ven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-ven were told only that some were electrified.②7left alone in the room,the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would8.③Subquent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,9the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting incts.
①The drive to10is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for11or shelter,says Christopher He of the University of Chicago.
②Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can12new scientific advances,for instance—but sometimes such13can backfire.③The insight that curiosity can drive you to do14things is a profound one.
①Unhealthy curiosity is possible to15,however.②In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to16how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to17to e such an image.③The results suggest that imagining the18of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine19it is worth the endeavor.④“Thinking about long-term20is key to r
有趣的物理实验educing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”He says.⑤In other words,don't read online comments.
1.[A]ignore[B]protect[C]resolve[D]discuss
2.[A]ek[B]refu[C]wait[D]regret
3.[A]ri[B]hurt[C]last[D]mislead
4.[A]expo[B]alert[C]tie[D]treat
5.[A]concept[B]message[C]review[D]trial
6.[A]deliver[B]remove[C]weaken[D]interrupt
7.[A]Unless[B]When[C]If[D]Though
8.[A]change[B]continue[C]happen[D]disappear
9.[A]owing to[B]rather than[C]regardless of[D]such as
10.[A]disagree[B]discover[C]forgive[D]forget
11.[A]food[B]pay[C]marriage[D]schooling
12.[A]begin with[B]lead to[C]rest on[D]learn from
13.[A]diligence[B]withdrawal[C]persistence[D]inquiry
14.[A]lf-deceptive[B]lf-reliant[C]lf-destructive[D]lf-evident
15.[A]trace[B]define[C]resist[D]replace
16.[A]conceal[B]overlook[C]predict[D]design
17.[A]pretend[B]remember[C]promi[D]choo
18.[A]outcome[B]relief[C]plan[D]duty
19.[A]where[B]why[C]whether[D]how
20.[A]limitations[B]conquences[C]investments[D]strategies
SectionⅡReading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)
人性的弱点目录
Text1
①It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.
①Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering.②He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization,but practical.③When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?
①As Koziatek knows,there is learning in just about everything.②Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck
with generations of discarded chewing gum.③They can also learn geometry by asmbling a bicycle.
①But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice.②Working with your hands is en as almost a mark of inferiority.③Schools in the family of vocational education“have hat it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,”he says.
①On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.②Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.③The job curity that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.④More education is the new principle.⑤We want more for our kids,and rightfully so.
①But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—miss an important point:That’s not the only thing the American economy needs.②Yes,a bachelor's degree opens more doors.③But even now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.④But only44percent of workers are adequately trained.
①In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrat
ed that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.②There is a gap in working-class jobs,but the workers who need tho jobs most aren't equipped to do them.③Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.
①Koziatek's school is a wake-up call.②When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts.
21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’lack of______.波澜壮阔的意思
[A]practical ability
[B]academic training
足彩单场[C]pioneering spirit
[D]mechanical memorization
22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who______.
宪法演讲稿[A]have a stereotyped mind
[B]have no career motivation
[C]are not academically successful
[D]are financially disadvantaged
23.We can infer from Paragraph5that high school graduates______.
[A]ud to have big financial concerns
五味草[B]ud to have more job opportunities
[C]are reluctant to work in manufacturing
[D]are entitled to more educational privileges
24.The headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all______.
[A]helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs
[B]may narrow the gap in working-class jobs
小米6屏幕尺寸[C]is expected to yield a better-trained workforce
[D]indicates the overvaluing of higher education
关于廉洁的画
25.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as______.
[A]supportive
[B]tolerant
[C]disappointed
[D]cautious
Text2
①While fossil fuels—coal,oil,gas—still generate roughly85percent of the world’s energy supply,it’s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.②The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world:They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.
①Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted business to fund cleaner energy sources.②But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables,especially wind and solar.③The cost of solar panels has dropped by80percent and the cost of wind turbines by clo to one-third in the past eight years.
①In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.
②In Scotland,for example,wind turbines provide enough electricity to power95 percent of homes.③While the rest of the world takes the lead,notably China and Europe,the United States is also eing a remarkable shift.④In March,for the first time,wind and solar power accounted for more than10percent of the power generated in the US,reported the US Energy Information Administration.
①President Trump has underlined fossil fuels—especially coal—as the path to economic growth.②In a recent speech in Iowa,he dismisd wind power as an unreliable energy source.③But that message did not play well with many in Iowa, where wind turbines dot the fields and provide36percent of the state’s electricity generation—and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.
①The question“what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?”has provided a
quick put-down for skeptics.②But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.
①The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers,who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles.②Although electric cars are still a
