Chapter 12 : Language And Brain
看淡人生的诗句1. neurolinguistics: It is the study of relationship between brain and language. It includes rearch into how the structure of the brain influences language learning, how and in which parts of the brain language is stored, and how damage to the brain affects the ability to u language.
2. psycholinguistics: the study of language processing. It is concerned with the process of language acqisition, comprehension and production.
3. brain lateralization: The localization of cognitive and perceptive functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain.
4. dichotic listening: A technique in which stimuli either linguistic or non-linguistic are prented through headphones to the left and right ear to determine the lateralization of cognitive function.
5. right ear advantage: The phenomenon that the right ear shows an advantage for the pe
rception of linguistic signals id known as the right ear advantage.
6. split brain studies: The experiments that investigate the effects of surgically vering the corpus callosum on cognition are called as split brain studies.
7. aphasia: It refers to a number of acquired language disorders due to the cerebral lesions caud by a tumor, an accident and so on.
8. non-fluent aphasia: Damage to parts of the brain in front of the central sulcus is called non-fluent aphasia.
瞻仰的意思是什么9. fluent aphasia: Damage to parts of the left cortex behind the central sulcus results in a type of aphasia called fluent aphasia.
维修电工基础知识
10. Acquired dyslexia: Damage in and around the angular gyrus of the parietal lobe often caus the impairment of reading and writing ability, which is referred to as acquired dyslexia.
11. phonological dyslexia: it is a type of acquired dyslexia in which the patient ems to have lost the ability to u spelling-to-sound rules.
12. surface dyslexia: it is a type of acquired dyslexia in which the patient ems unable to recognize words as whole but must process all words through a t of spelling-to-sound rules.
13. spoonerism: a slip of tongue in which the position of sounds, syllables, or words is reverd, for example, Let’s have chish and fips instend of Let’s have fish and chips.
14. priming: the process that before the participants make a decision whether the string of letters is a word or not, they are prented with an activated word.
包字笔顺15. frequency effect: Subjects take less time to make judgement on frequently ud words than to judge less commonly ud words . This phenomenon is called frequency effect.
16. lexical decision: an experiment that let participants judge whether a string of letter is
a word or not at a certain time.
17. the priming experiment: An experiment that let subjects judge whether a string of letters is a word or not after showed with a stimulus word, called prime.
18. priming effect: Since the mental reprentation is activated through the prime, when the target is prented, respon time is shorter that it otherwi would have been. This is called the priming effect. (06F)
19. bottom-up processing: an approach that makes u principally of information which is already prent in the data.
20. top-down processing: an approach that makes u of previous knowledge and experience of the readers in analyzing and processing information which is received.
火车带酒21. garden path ntences: a ntence in which the comprehender assumes a particular meaning of a word or phra but discovers later that the assumption was incorrect, forcing the comprehender to backtrack and reinterpret the ntence.
22. slip of the tongue: mistakes in speech which provide psycholinguistic evidence for the way we formulate words and phras.
美智子Chapter 11 : Second Language Acquisition第一次工地会议
1. cond language acquisition: It refers to the systematic study of how one person acquires a cond language subquent to his native language.
2. target language: The language to be acquired by the cond language learner.
3. cond language:公才公望 A cond language is a language which is not a native language in a country but which is widely ud as a medium of communication and which is usually ud alongside another language or languages.
4. foreign language: A foreign language is a language which is taught as a school subject but which is not ud as a medium of instruction in schools nor as a language of communication within a country.
