美国文学名词解释（★）
第一篇：美国文学名词解释
1.AmericanTranscendentalism:①transcendentalism has been defined philosophically as “ the recognition in man of the capability of knowing truth intuitively, or of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the ns.②transcendentalists stress the importance of the Over-soul, the Individual and Nature.Other concepts that accompanied transcendentalism include the idea that nature is enabling and the idea that the individual is divine and, therefore, lf-reliant.New England transcendentalism is the product of a combination of Native American Puritanism and European romanticism.③some prominent reprentatives include Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau.2.Free ver
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free ver means the rhymed or unrhymed poetry compod without paying attention to conversational rules of meter.Free ver was originated by a group of French poets of the late 19th century.Their purpo was to free themlves from the restrictions of formal metrical patterns and to recreate instead the free rhymes of nature period.Walt Whitman„s l
eaves of grass is perhaps the most notable example.3.American Puritanism: Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the puritans.The Puritans were originally members of a division of the protestant church who wanted to purify their religious beliefs and practices.They accepted the doctrines of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God.American literature in the 17th century mostly consisted of Puritan literature.Puritanism had an enduring influence on American literature.It had become, to some extent, so much a state of mind, so much a part of national cultural atmosphere, rather than a t of tenets.it comes from the American puritans, who were the first immigrants moved to American continent in the 17th century.Original sin, predestination（预言）and salvation（拯救）were the basic ideas of American Puritanism.And, hard-working, piousness（虔诚,尽职），thrift and sobriety（清醒）were praid.4.American Dream: American dream means the belief that everyone can succeed as long as he/she works hard enough.It usually implies a successful and satisfying life.It usually framed in terms of American capitalism（资本主义）, its associated purported meritocracy,（知识界精华）and the freedoms guaranteed
徘徊造句
秉公执法by the U.S.Bill of Rights.5.Imagism: the 1920s saw a vigorous literary activity in America.In poetry there appeared a strong reaction against Victorian poetry.Imagists placed primary reliance on the u of preci, sharp images as a means of poetic expression and stresd precision in the choice of words, freedom in the choice of subject matter and form, and
the u of colloquial language.Most of the imagist poets wrote in free ver, using such devices as assonance and alliteration rather than formal metrical schemes to give structure to their poetry..The movement which had the as its aims is known in literary history as Imagism.Its prime mover was Ezra Pound.6.American romanticism
①it is one of the most important periods in the history of American literature that stretches from the 18th century to the outbreak of the civil war.It started with the publication of Washington Irving‟带书字的成语s The Sketch Book and ended with Walt Whitman‟附和的近义词s Leaves of Grass.②人居环境科学导论being a period of the great flowering of American literature, it is also called “the American Renaissance ”.③American romantic works emphasize the imaginati
ve and emotional qualities of nature literature.The strong tendency to eulogize the individual and common man was typical of this period.Most importantly, the writings of American Romanticism are typically American.Works concentrate on unique
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characteristics of the American land.④New England Transcendentalism is the summit of American Romanticism.⑤Romanticists include such literary figures as Washington Irving, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, William Cullen Bryant, Henry Wordsworth Longfellow, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe, Herman Melville, Walt Whitman and some others.
五台山简介第二篇：美国文学名词解释
1.Naturalism:American naturalism was a new and harsher realism.America’s literary naturalists dismisd the validity of comforting moral truths.They attempted to achieve extreme objectivity and frankness, prenting characters of low social and economic class who were determined by their environment and heredity.Puritanism:Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans.They accepted the doctrine of predestination, ori
ginal sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace form God.3.Realism: Realism emphasizes on a faithful rendering of the ordinary, a slice of life as it is really lived.It express the concern for commonplace and the low, and it offers an objective rather than an idealistic view of human nature and human experience.4.Romanticism: romantics frequently shared certain general characteristics: moral enthusiasm, faith in value of individualism and intuitive perception, and a presumption that the natural world was a source of goodness and man’s societies a source of corruption.Transcendentalism:They spoke for cultural rejuvenation and stresd the importance of the individual.They offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God.Nature was, to them, alive, filled with God’s overwhelming prence.6.Imagism意象主义: It’s a poetic movement of England and the U.S.flourished from 1909 to 1917.The movement insists on the creation of images in poetry by “the direct treatment of the thing” and the economy of wording.7.Local Colorism: fiction or poetry that focus on specific features – including characters, dialects, customs, history, and landscape – of a particular region.8.Lost Generation: It describes the Americans who
remained in Paris as a colony of “expatriates” or exiles.It describes the writers like Hemingway who lived in mi poverty.It describes the Americans who returned to their native land with an inten awareness of living in an unfamiliar changing world.9.Beat Generation: It was a group of American post-World War IIwho came to prominence in the 1950s.They rejected conventional social and moral values;expresd their alienation in their works from conventional “square” society by adopting a life style which featured x, drugs, jazz and the freedom of the open road.10.Symbolism: Symbolism is the writing technique of using symbols.It enables poets to compress a very complex idea or t of ideas into one image or even one word.It’s one of the most powerful devices that poets employ in creation.11.Modernism：is looly a synonym of anything contemporary.Strictly, Modernism began in the late 19th century and regarded the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical ba.They pay more attention to the psychic time than the chronological one.12.A Jazz age(爵士时代):The Jazz Age describes the period of the 1920s and 1930s.With the ri of the great depression, the values of this age saw much decline.Highlighting what some describe as the decadence and hedonism, as well as the growth of individualism.
