英语翻译技巧第九节增词法
第九节增词法
增词法不是无中生有地随意增词，而是增加原文中虽无其词但有其意得一些词。
一、根据意义上或修辞上的需要
（一）增加动词
1.In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table
tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final
communiqué.
2.Rostow was chon to be a very influential intellectual by the
top-ranking officials-------- the wrong man at the wrong place
with the wrong idea.
3.There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats, no ordinary
people with flowers.献血有什么要求
4.They had been through it all at the side of our Party----
long-term wars, the terrible hardships of hunger and cold, and ruined families------until at last, in 1949, they were able to savor the sweet taste of triumph.
1.晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他还得起
草最后公报。
2.高层官员们选择罗斯托成为一个很有影响的知识分子，这真是在
错误的地方任用错误的人去实行官员的错误主张。
3.没有发表讲话，没有各国外交官到场，也没有普通人手持花束欢
迎的场面。
4.他们始终站在我们党的一边，经历过长期战争，忍受过饥寒交迫，
遭受过家破人亡，好不容易熬到1949年，他们才尝到了胜利的甜头。
作业：
1.They talked for almost eight hours, through dinner and well into
the night.
2.He favored the efforts to improve relations with all peace-loving
countries.
3.“Nobody could count on his restraint or rationality,” he said.
4.My work, my family, my friends were more than enough to fill my
time.
（二）增加形容词
1.With what enthusiasm the Chine people are building their
country!
2.An enemy’s plane twisted in the sky, trailing flame and smoke.
3.O, Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and miry, what sight is this!
(Mark Twain)
1.中国人民正在以多么高的热情建设他们的国家啊！
2.一架敌机在空中螺旋下降，拖着浓烟烈焰掉了下去。
颖字五行属什么3.啊，汤姆?康第，生在破烂、肮脏和苦难中，现在这番景象却是多
么显赫啊！
作业：
1.“This is grasping at straws, I know,” said the helpless man.
2.With the meeting to begin in just a couple of hours, I hadn’t the
time to worry about such trifles.
3.“It’ll make a man of him,” said Jack. “College is the place.”
4.He regarded the National Day edition of that paper as a collector’s
item.
（三）增加副词
1.The crowds melted away.
2.As he sat down and began talking, words poured out.
3.Tremaine sank down with his face in his hands.
4.In the films of tho days, all too often it was the same one: boy
tractor driver meets girl tractor driver; they fall in love and drive tractors together.
5.He was fascinated by the political process---the wheeling and
dealing of presidential politics, the manipulating, releasing and leaking of news, the public and private talks.
1.人群渐渐散开了。
2.他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。
3.屈里曼两手蒙着脸，一屁股坐了下去。
4.在那时候的电影里，总是老一套：男拖拉机手和女拖拉机手始而
相遇，继而相爱，终而并肩开拖拉机了。
5.一幕幕政治花招真使他看入迷了：总统竞选活动中的勾心斗角，
尔虞我诈；对新闻消息的幕后操纵、公开发表和有意透露，以及公开和秘密的谈话。
作业：
1.Now and then his boots shone.
2.A agull saw the light from my window and darted up to it.
3.They lingered long over his letter.
4.He turned a chair around and straddled it, resting his chin on the
back.
（四）增加名词
1.在不及物动词后面增加名词
1）Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia.延禧攻略主题曲
玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。
2）First you borrow, then you beg.反病毒技术
头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。
3）Then Lieutenant Grub launched into the old recruiting routine, “See, save and rve! Hannigan, free tour to all the ports in
the world. A fine ship for a home. Three meals a day without
charge…You mustn’t let such a golden opportunity slip by.”
于是，格拉布上尉开始说起征兵的老一套了：“见见世面，攒点钱，为国家出点力！汉尼根，免费周游世界上所有的港口。一
艘上好的船为家，一天三餐不要钱…你千万不要错过这样大好的机会呀！”
作业：
1.After sailing round the world, he began to e things and to
understand.
2.He ate and drank, for he was exhausted.
3.Day after day she goes to her work in different family----
sweeping, washing, cleaning.
2.在形容词前增加名词
1）This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine.
这部打字机真是价廉物美。
母女盖浇饭2）A new kind of aircraft---- small, cheap, pilotless--- is attracting increasing attention.
一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意-----这种飞机体积不大，价格便宜，无人驾驶。
校园浪子3）He is a complicated man--- moody, mercurial, with a melancholy streak.
他是一个性格复杂的人------ 喜怒无常，反复多变，有些忧郁寡欢。
减肥运动快速燃脂作业：
1.He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair.
2.The old tourists, weary but game, decided to take a break.
3.Stephen came out of the hot factory into the damp wind
and cold wet streets, haggard and worn.
3.在抽象名词后增加名词
面饼
To persuade说服persuasion说服工作
To prepare 准备preparation准备工作
Backward 落后backwardness落后状态
Ten 紧张tension紧张局势
Arrogant自满arrogance自满情绪
Mad 疯狂madness疯狂行为
Antagonistic 敌对antagonism敌对态度
1）After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco.
2）In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China.
