Unit 1 Communication Across Cultures
1.The need for intercultural communication:
New technology; Innovative communication system; Globalization of the economy; Changes in immigration patterns 2.Three major socio-cultural elements influence communication are: cultural values; worldview(religion); social organization(family and state).
3.Nonverbal behavior: gestures, postures, facial expressions, eye contact and gaze, touch
(Chine people are reluctant to express their disproval openly for fear of making others lo face.)
4. Six stumbling blocks in Intercultural communication
(1)Assumption of similarities
(2)Language differences
(3)Nonverbal misinterpretations
(4)Preconception and stereotypes先入之见刻板印象
(5)Tendency to evaluate评职称个人工作总结
(6)High anxiety
Unit 2 Culture and Communication
1.Characteristics of Culture: Culture is learned; Culture is a t
of shared interpretations; Culture involves Beliefs, Values, and Norms(规范，准则); Culture Affects Behaviors; Culture involves Large Groups of people
2.Cultural identity文化身份refers to one’s n of belonging
to a particular culture or ethnic group. People consciously identify themlves with a group that has a shared system of symbols and meanings as well as norms for conduct.
3.Characteristics of Cultural Identity：Cultural identity is
central to a person’s n of lf. Cultural identity is dynamic （动态的）. Cultural identity is also multifaceted（多方面的）components of one’s lf-concept.
4.I ntercultural communication defined: Intercultural
communication refers to communication between people who cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.
5.Elements of communication: Context; Participants; Message;
Channels; Noi; Feedback腊月是12月吗
顾全大局的近义词Unit 3 Cultural Diversity
1.Define worldview and religion
成长的滋味作文500字Worldview: deals with a culture’s most fundamental beliefs about the place in the cosmos（宇宙）, beliefs about God, and学期自我鉴定
beliefs about the nature of humanity and nature.
Religion:refers to belief in and reverence for a supernatural power or powers regarded as creator and a governor of the univer.
Three major religions :
a. Christian Religions Groups （基督教的）
b. Islam （伊斯兰教）
c. Buddhism （佛教）
2.Human nature: (1) is evil but perfectible
(2) is a mixture of good and evil
(3) good but corruptible(易腐化的)
3.Relationship of Man to Nature: (1) subjugation to nature
教育专著(2) harmony with nature
(3) mastery with nature
4.Social Relationship：Hierarchy; Group; Individual
5.Cultual Dimensions: Hofstede identity 5 dimensions
individualism vs collectivism; uncertainty avoidance; power distance; masculinity vs femininity; long-term vs short-term orientation
三叠纪6. High-Context and Low-context Cultures
A high-context(HC)—high-context cultures(Native Americans, Latin Americans, Japane, Korean and Chine): information is
电脑配件有哪些often provided through gesture, the u of the space, and even silence. Meaning is also conveyed through status(age, x, education, family background, title, and affiliations) and through an individu al’s informal friends and associates.
A low-context(LC)—low-context cultures(German, Swiss as well as American) For example, the Asian mode of communication is often indirect and implicit, whereas Western communication tends to be direct and explicit—that is, everything needs to be stated.
For example, members of low-context cultures expect messages to be detailed, clear-cut, and definite.
The high-context people are apt to become impatient and irritated when low-context people insist on giving them information they don’t need.
