介词的⽤法⼤全
介词的⽤法
⼀.表⽰时间⽇期的介词
1． at：主要表⽰⽅向、场所、时间的某⼀点
at the corner of the street，at dinner，at sixty miles an hour，be sold at three yuan a dozen，come at us
固定搭配： at one time，at the beginning of，at the post office，at the airport， at the weekend，at the age of 25，at the same time， at prent，at any time，表⽰原因，表⽰“见/闻……⽽”。at the news
at 主要表⽰时间点
表⽰特定的时间 at night . 在九点钟表⽰不确定的时间 at night, at that time, at Christmas 在圣诞期间当天 on
表⽰年龄段 at the age of eight 在8岁
2． in：表⽰场所、时间与期限、状况、⽅向。主要⽤来表⽰较长的时间单位，如⽉份、季节、年份等in the 1990s in the late 19th century
形成“in+时段名词”的词组或固定搭配
in tho days，in the daytime，in a short while，in no time，in time
.in 主要表⽰时间段
⼀般指相对较长的时间段⾥ in the morning, in spring, in the past ten years
在…时间之后，⽤于将来时 He will be back in a month.
介词in在短语或句型中的省略：
1) 某些形容词/过去分词后接v-ing形式时，v-ing形式前的介词in可以省略。
be busy (in) doing be engaged (in) doing （忙于……）
2) 某些动词如busy等，常与反⾝代词连⽤，其后的in也可以省略。
busy onelf (in) doing
3) 某些动词如spend、pass、waste等与表⽰时间的名词连⽤，后⾯的介词也可以省略。
spend time (in) doing waste time (in) doing
4) 在have no difficulty in doing sth.、have no trouble in doing sth.、have no business in doing sth.等句型中介词也可以省略。
5) 在句型There is no u (in)doing sth.中，介词也可省略。
固定搭配：in the world，in (the)future，in the snow /rain / storm，in ink，in short，in public，in one’s opinion，in modern times，in surpri，in a queue，in the open air
3． on：主要表⽰在上⾯、根据或基础、有关或涉及的⽅⾯、表⽰某天。
固定搭配：on doing sth.，on the afternoon of October，on Tuesday evening，on foot，hit sb. on the head，on the right/ left，on fire，on duty，on sale，on the radio， on show，on earth，on one’s own
注意：⼀般带有宗教⾊彩的节⽇名词前⾯⽤at，如圣诞节。
⼀般的节⽇名词前⽤on。
on 主要指具体某⼀天
表⽰是具体的⽇期和星期 on Monday, on October 1st,1949. on my birthday
某⼀天特定的上午下午或半夜 on the night of December 31,1999. on a fine day
在第⼏天 on her first day to school, on the tenth day I was in Beijing.
4． by主要表⽰接近、时限、动作的执⾏者、⽅式。
固定搭配：by the village， by onelf，by foot(=on foot)，by hand，learn … by heart，
⼆.表⽰地点，⽅位的介词
5． for主要表⽰⽬的、原因、交换值以及时间和距离的长度。
固定搭配：make sth. for sb.， thank sb. for sth.， for example， for sale，for free，
细辛的功效for 表⽰⼀段时间
表⽰⼀件事延续的长短,⼀般接具体的时间 I have lived in Nanjing for 2 years.
6． of表⽰部分与全体的关系、所有关系、来源和所⽤的材料。
of所有格表⽰的多种关系：
1）从属关系：the wheel of the car
2）局部----整体关系：some of the water
3）量化关系：a cup of tea
4）描述关系：a professor of learning（知识丰富的教授）
中国汽车行业
5）同位关系： the city of Beijing
6）动宾关系：the study of the map（研究地图）
7）主谓关系：the determination of the workers（⼯⼈们的决⼼）
固定搭配： be fond of，make fun of，be tired of，of one’s own，instead of，
7． to 主要表⽰⽅向、程度、结果、关系和位置。
固定搭配to one’s surpri / joy/ astonishment，to the east of，key to…，come up to，add up to，be open to the public，thanks to， stick to，refer to
表⽰⼀段时间
怪物轮
在…期间内，强调在此期间内发⽣了什么事y
I studied in this university for 4 years, during that time most of my time was spent in learning English.
可接表⽰时间延续⼀段时间的名词 during my visit to China, during my holiday
与to, till连⽤
Most people work from nine to five. 多数⼈过着朝九晚五的⽣活
，since+时间点从那⼀刻起，与现在完成与过去完成时连⽤
He has been here since last Sunday. ⾃从上星期天起，她就在这⾥
四、容易错、常考的介词及搭配
1． be made of，be made from，be made into，be made in
2． call on = visit，call for = go and pick up
3． on business （出差）/ strike（）罢⼯ / duty（值⽇） / holiday / fire / vacation / watch （警戒） / sale（出售） / leave（请假） / guard（警戒）
4． have some trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.，have a habit / idea / plan of doing sth. 5． A is plead to B，B is plead with A（对……感到满意）
7． with the help of，under the leadership of
8． by means of（使⽤），by way of（经由），by heart（记住），by the way
9． out of question（毫⽆疑问），out of the question（毫不可能）
10． prevent / stop / keep sb. from doing sth.
11． be thankful to sb. for sth.
12． steal sth. from sb.，rob sb. of sth.五月初五
13． insist on doing sth.，persist in doing sth.，stick to，go on doing sth.
14． t about doing sth.，t out to do sth.
15． look sb. in the face，hit sb. on the face，lead the cow by the no
16． do a favour for sb. = do sb. a favour
五、介词的惯⽤型
英文写作
1． above all（⾸先），after all，at all（全然），in all
2． day after day，year after year，one after one，one after another
3． at peace（和平），at war（战争），at times（时常），at dinner
4． by onelf，by all means（尽⼀切办法、务必），by chance，by accident，
by no means（决不、并没有），by means of（⽤、依靠），by the way
5． in her teens（⼗⼏岁），in pain，in danger，in need
6．to one’s joy / sorrow / surpri
7． with care（仔细地），with joy / pleasure（⾼兴地），with one’s help，
with the best wishes（致以我们良好的祝愿），without difficulty（毫不困难地），without exception （毫不例外），without delay（⽴即、马上）
8． according to（依据），along with（和……⼀起），as to（⾄于……），becau of，except for （除……之
外），instead of（代替）
9． out of order（不正常），out of date，out of trouble（脱离困境），out of sight，
因修out of debt（还清了债务），out of touch（没有联系）
10． at the bottom of，at the centre of，at the end of，at the top of，
at the cost of（以……为代价）at the sight of，at the thought of，at a speed of
11． in memory of（纪念），in favour of（同意），in the habit of（有……习惯），in touch with （与……保持联系），on the left of，on the eve of（在……前⼣）
12． from time to time（不时地）， from day to day（天天）， from hand to hand（⼀个传⼀个），from side to side（左右地），from car to car（⼀个车厢⼀个车厢地），from bad to wor（越来越差），from beginning to end（从头到尾），from hand to mouth（仅能糊⼝），from head to foot，from start to finish，from one to another
六.掌握⽅式、⼿段、⼯具的表达⽅法
1）in +⽂字、语⾔、材料名词
in English (ink, pencil, capital letters) write in pen, ⽤钢笔写 speak in a low voice ⼩声说话
2） with +⼯具、机器；⼈体器官；情绪、情感、态度的名词
with a branch, with one’s no, with pride, with satisfaction,
with the help of, with one’s permission
We can e with our eyes and write with our hands.
I killed a fly with a fly flap. 我⽤苍蝇拍打死了⼀只苍蝇
3） by 表⽰泛指的⽅式、⼿段
by bus, by land, by means of（⽤……⽅法）, by way of（经由） , by doing sth.,
by hand（⼿⼯）, by post（由邮局传递）, by letter（⽤写信的⽅式）, by electricity, by hard work, by the year, by the
hour（by + the + 单位名词）按……
4）其它表⽰⽅式（情况、状况、⼿段）的表⽰法
through the radio / by radio / on the radio, through / by / from practice,
by telephone (on the telephone), on foot, on the train, in satisfaction, in surpri, in silence, in a low voice, in comfort, in sorrow, in high / good / poor spirits,
in anger, in safety, in debt, in good order, in good / poor health, in tears,
in u, in pain,
七、注意：某些名词和介词的固定搭配
1）要求to：key, answer, visit, apology, introduction
以to为中⼼构成短语的归纳
belong to, come to（苏醒）, look forward to, lead to, stick to, refer to, turn to, drink to （为……⼲杯）, object to（反对）, reply to the letter, help onelf to, sing / dance to the
music（和着……在……声中唱/跳）, devote onelf to
2）要求in：interest, satisfaction
3）以for为中⼼构成短语的归纳
ask for, call for（去接某⼈）, care for（关⼼）, go in for（从事）, answer for（对……负责）, nd for, pay for, prai sb.
for（赞扬某⼈某事）, head for（向……⽅向移动）, arch for, take … for …（误以为）, leave for, prepare for（为……准备）, thank sb. for, make a dive for（向……猛冲）, make up for（弥补……损失）
4）以on为中⼼构成短语的归纳
come on来吧, call on拜访, pass on传递, carry on进⾏下去, live on sth.靠……⽣活, depend on 依靠, have on穿着, have pity on 同情, look on … as …把……看作, push on推动, spy on窥探, switch / turn on旋开, wait on服侍, walk on继续⾛, spend…on …在……上花费时间、⾦钱, operate on给……动⼿术, take on a new look呈现新⾯貌
⼋、某些形容词和介词的固定搭配
1） be afraid of 担⼼ be afraid for替……⽽担⼼
2） be angry about / at sth.因……⽽⽣⽓ be angry with sb.对……某⼈发怒
3） be anxious for sth.渴望 be anxious about sth. / sb.担⼼
4） be different from 与……不同be indifferent to … ……不关⼼
5）be good at …擅长be good for …对……有益 be good of sb. to do sth.友好
6） be strict with sb.对……严格 be strict in sth.
7） be popular with sb.受到……欢迎 be popular in some place流⾏在……be popular for因……⽽流⾏
8） be plead with + n.或what从句；be plead at +抽象名词听、看到⽽⾼兴
9） be disappointed at sth. ；be disappointed with sb.对……失望
10） be known to sb. ；be known with + n.或从句；be known for因……⽽著名
11） be abnt from缺席
12）be devoted to …献⾝于……
13）be open to …对……开放
14）be poor / clever / expert at …
15）be sorry for …替/为……后悔
16）be rich in … be interested in …
17） be proud of (take pride in)
18）be satisfied with / by … be sure of / about …
19） be fond of, be fit for, be busy with sth. (in doing sth.)现在创业做什么好
20） be late for, be ready for
21）be similar to … ；be wrong with …
九、吊尾介词
1）某些形容词后接不及物动词或“V+介”型短语动词的不定式形式表“反射”，常⽤吊尾介词。
A) fit, easy, hard, good, difficult, comfortable, heavy等形容后，常⽤吊尾介词。
. The girl is easy to get along with.
B) be worth doing, be worthy of being done, be worthy to be done, want / require / need doing 表反射，常⽤吊尾介词。
. The problem is worth dealing with.
The book is worthy of being referred to.
2）不及物动词的不定式修饰表“涉及对象、场所、⼯具、⼿段、⽅式、材料等”意义的名词时常带吊尾介词。
. There is nothing for us to worry about. a room to live in
3）定语从句中，先⾏词被⼀个不及物动词所修饰，则不及物动词后要带介词，先⾏词被“V+介”组成的短语动词所修饰，介词常在句尾。
. He is the very man I just spoke to. This is the life he is ud to.
4）以what，who，who，whatever等引导的宾语从句、表语从句中常出现“吊尾介词”。
. I d on’t know what you do it for.
5）强调句型和特殊疑问句中由于被强调部分和疑问词位置变更，常出现吊尾介词。在上下⽂意义清楚时，特殊疑问句常⽤省简结构。
. It is the poor boy that we gave the books to.
What for（为什么）Where to（去哪⼉）Who with（和谁去）
6）被动语态中“V+介”短语常⽤吊尾介词。史记观后感
. He was listened to come here. He has never been spoken to in this way.
⼗常⽤介词辨异
1． about, on, of 关于
on多⽤于慎重的、正式的语⾔交际场合。常见于“学术上”的“论⽂”或“演说”等题⽬，可供专门研究这⼀问题的⼈阅读，有“论及”之意。
about表⽰的内容多为普遍、不那么正式，有“述及”之意。
of作“关于”讲，表⽰提及、涉及某⼈（事）时，只表⽰事情存在或发⽣，并不涉及详情；有时与about 意义相近，但有时意义
