语言学题目有答案
:
Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics
1. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols ud for human
__________.
A. contact
B. communication
C. relation
D. community
2. Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary？
A. tree
B. typewriter
C.
crash D. bang
3. The function of the ntence “Water boils at 100 degrees Centigrade.” is __________.
系统安装教程A. interrogative
B.
directive C.
informative D. performative
4. In Chine when someone breaks a bowl or a plate the host or the people prent are likely to say“碎碎（岁岁）平安”as a means of controlling the forces which they believes feel might affect their lives. Which functions does it perform？
A. Interpersonal
B.
君士坦丁Emotive C.
Performative D. Recreational
5. Which of the following property of language enables language urs to overcome the barriers caud by time and place, due to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in any situation？
A. Transferability
B.
Duality C.肝病都有哪些症状
妈妈牵着我的手Displacement D. Arbitrariness
6. Study the following dialogue. What function does it play according to the functions of language？
— A nice day, isn’t it？
— Right! I really enjoy the sunlight.
A. Emotive
B.
Phatic C.
Performative D. Interpersonal
7. __________ refers to the actual realization of the ideal language ur’s knowledge of the rules of his language in utterances.
侧田身高A. Performance
B.
Competence C. Langue D. Parole
8. When a dog is barking, you assume it is barking for something or at someone that exists hear and now. It couldn’t be sorrowful for some lost lo ve or lost bone. This indicates the design feature of __________.
A. cultural transmission
B.
productivity C. displacement D. duality
9. __________ answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language.
A.
Psycholinguistics
B. Anthropological linguistics
C.
平阴玫瑰花
Sociolinguistics
D. Applied linguistics
当当阅读器>核武器爆炸
10. __________ deals with language application to other fields, particularly education.
A. Linguistic
theory B. Practical linguistics
C. Applied
linguistics
D. Comparative linguistics
II. Decide whether the following statements are true or fal. (10%) 11. Language is a means of verbal communication. Therefore, the communication way ud by the deaf-mute is not language.
12. Language change is universal, ongoing and arbitrary.
13. Speaking is the quickest and most efficient way of the human communication systems.
14. Language is written becau writing is the primary medium for all languages.
15. We were all born with the ability to acquire language, which means the details of any language system can be genetically transmitted.
16. Only human beings are able to communicate.
17. F. de Saussure, who made the distinction between langue and parole in the early 20th century, was a French linguist.
18. A study of the features of the English ud in Shakespeare’s time is an example of the diachronic study of language.
19. Speech and writing came into being at much the same time in human history.
20. All the languages in the world today have both spoken and written forms.
35. Why do people take duality as one of the important design features of human language Can you tell us what language will be if it has no such design feature （南开大学，2004）
36. Why is it difficult to define language （北京第二外国语大学，2004）VI. Analyze the following situation. (20%)
37. How can a linguist make his analysis scientific （青岛海洋大学，1999）1~5 BACCC 6~10 BACAC 11~15 FFTFF 16~20 FFFFF
31. Design feature: It refers to the defining properties of human language that tell the difference between human language and any system of animal communication.
32. Displacement: It means that human languages enable their urs to symbolize objects, events and concepts, which are not prent (in time and space) at the moment of communication.
33. Competence: It is an esntial part of performance. It is the
speaker’s knowledge of his o r her language; that is, of its sound structure, its words, and its grammatical rules. Competence is, in a way, an encyclopedia of language. Moreover, the knowledge involved in competence is generally unconscious. A transformational-generative grammar is a model of competence.
34. Synchronic linguistics: It refers to the study of a language at a given point in time. The time studied may be either the prent or a particular point in the past; synchronic analys can also be made of dead languages, such as Latin. Synchronic linguistics is contrasted with diachronic linguistics, the study of a language over a period of time.
