法律英语词汇Unit1
federation n.联邦
jurisdiction n.管辖权，管辖区common law普通法；习惯法；判例法civil law罗马法；民法
legislation n.立法
petition v.诉请；向……提出请求；
n.申诉；申请；（美）起诉状equity n.衡平法
Chancery n.衡平法院；大法官法庭judicial adj.法院的；司法的
Privy Council（英）枢密院
canon law教会法
legal family法系
decision n.判决
procedural rules诉讼规则discretionary adj.自由裁量的arbitrator n.仲裁人；调停者Commonwealth n.英联邦
appeal n.上诉
invoke v.援引
Twelve Tables十二铜表法vulgarized Roman law通俗罗马法classic Roman law经典罗马法compendia n.汇编；概要
civilian n.民法学家；平民
jurist n.法学家
obligation n.债权
codification n.法典编纂；法典化code n.法典
article n.条款
term n.条款；任期；开庭期
law/legal doctrine法律原则
statute n.成文法；法令
precedent n.先例
enact v.制定，通过（法）inalienable adj.不可剥夺的exclusivity n.排他权；专有权empower v.授权
party n.当事人
lawsuit n.诉讼
tribunal n.特别法庭；裁判所breach of contract违约
advocate n.辩护人；出庭代讼人lf-evident adj.不证自明的proposition n.主张；陈述
claim v.&n.主张；要求；声称adjudication n.判决
adherence to precedent遵循先例
full-fledged precedent广泛意义上的
先例absolutely binding绝对约束力的generally binding一般约束力的stare decisis遵循先例
res judicata既判力
connsual adj.合意的
right of privacy隐私权overruling n.推翻；否决reversal n.撤销
subject matter n.诉讼标的；争议事项；权利主张
judiciary n.司法机关；法院系统；[总称]法官
injunction n.禁制令
diversity of citizenship（美）（诉讼当事人的）州（国）籍不同；公民身份不同
venue n.审判地
adversary n.对手；对方当事人
circuit court巡回法院
en banc n.全院庭审
merits n.案件事实；当事人的法定权利；诉求或答辩的实质依据
certiorari n.调卷令
Justice of the Peace地方法官
Court of Common Pleas普通诉讼法院
trial courts of inferior jurisdiction低级管辖权的一审法院
trial courts of general jurisdiction普通管辖权的一审法院
appellate courts上诉法院
intermediate appellate courts中级上诉法院
court of last resort终审法院
Supreme Court最高法院(专有名词)
(1)trial courts of general jurisdiction--------the District Courts basic federal court system(2)intermediate appellate courts--------the Courts of Appeals
(3)the Supreme Court
civil suit民事案件
minor violation of the criminal law轻微刑事违反行为
maximum jail ntence最高刑期
fine n.罚金defendant n.被告plaintiff n.原告procution n.检控；追诉judge/justice n.法官finality n.终法定局exerci n.行使；履行action n.诉讼
judicial review司法审查appellate review上诉审查litigate v.提起诉讼litigation n.诉讼litigant n.诉讼当事人docket n.法院积案清单rai v.提起诉讼
act n.法案；法令entertain v.审理provision n.规定；条款regulation n.法规；章程patent n.专利summon v.传唤；召集hear v.审理；听审
writ n.书面命令；令状writ of certiorari调卷令confer v.授予4个月孕妇
合格率公式
full-dress adj.正式的umpire n.裁判员overer n.监督机构
federalism n.联邦制
checks and balances制衡
paration of powers分权
suffrage n.投票；选举权
written constitution成文宪法
veto n.&v.否决权；否决
ratify v.批准
due process正当程序
bail n.&v.保证金；保释
interpret v.解释（法律）
impeachment n.弹劾
discretion n.自由裁量权
original jurisdiction原审管辖constitutionality n.合宪性
legislature n.立法机关
governor n.州长
ordain v.制定
Senate n.参议院
confirm v.批准
commission n.委任状
mandamus v.强制执行令
relief n.救济
syllogism n.推理
le n.承租人
lessor n.出租人
title n.所有权
remedy n.救济
proceedings n.诉讼
rescind v.废止；取消
nullify v.使无效
Unit4
restitution n.返还原物；恢复原状
probation n.缓刑
punitive damages惩罚性损害赔偿济南话经典方言
如何重做系统exemplary damages惩罚性损害赔偿
assault n.威胁；恐吓；意图伤害
battery n.（刑法）殴击罪；（侵权法）非法侵犯felony n.重罪
misdemeanor n.轻罪
infraction n.违反（指违约、违法、违章、违纪）motive n.犯罪动机
intent n.犯罪故意mens rea犯意
actus reus犯罪行为
causation n.因果关系
press charges起诉
process v.对……起诉；对……发出传票execution n.死刑；强制执行
compensation n.赔偿；补偿
substantive criminal law刑事实体法
criminal procedural law刑事诉讼法
ordinance n.条例；法令
apprehension n.逮捕
offender n.罪犯
convict v.宣判有罪
imprisonment n.监禁
confinement n.监禁
incarceration n.监禁
juror n.陪审员
jury n.陪审团
offen n.违法行为；罪行
transgression n.罪过
corroboration n.进一步的证据
warrant n.授权
manslaughter n.过失杀人狮子座处女座
defen n.辩护
counl n.律师；辩护人
defen counl/attorney辩护律师acquittal n.宣告无罪liability n.责任；义务
homicide n.杀人；杀人犯
overt adj.蓄意的
involuntary adj.无意识的；非故意的
Unit5
accomplice n.共犯；同谋犯
adversary system对抗制；辩论式的诉讼方式correction n.（通过监禁、缓刑、假释等刑罚制度对罪犯的）惩罚；教养
lf-incrimination n.自证其罪
preventive detention预防性监禁
implement v.贯彻；执行
pretrial adj.审判前的
bill of information n.（检察官起草的）起诉书complaint n.（任何人都可以起草的）起诉书
file v.提起诉讼；送交备案
magistrate n.地方法官；裁判官
be bound over for trial应当到庭受审的convene v.召集
refute v.辩驳
testimony n.证据
true bill准予起诉
山东中考时间no bill不予起诉
suspect n.嫌疑犯
custody n.拘留；羁押
arrest warrant n.逮捕令
contraband n.违禁品
charge n.&v.（特指刑事诉讼）指控
杨紫主演的电视剧bring charges指控
levy charges指控
drop charges撤销指控
appearance n.到庭
izure n.抓住；扣押
recognizance n.具结保证书
try v.审理
plea n.辩护
plea bargain诉辩交易
preliminary hearing n.预审
cross-examine v.交叉询问
produce v.出示
indictment v.控告；起诉
arraignment n.提讯
motion n.（诉讼当事人向法院提出的）申请courtroom n.审判室；法庭
peremptory challenge（对某陪审员出庭表示的）
绝对的无需说明理由的反对challenge for cau（对某陪审员出庭表示的）
有合理原因的反对impartial adj.公正的；公平的
mistrial n.无效审判；误判
acquit v.判决无罪
ca n.（诉讼一方所持的）事实，理由，依据verdict n.裁决；裁定
buttal n.反驳
surrebuttal n.第二次反驳
rejoinder n.第二次答辩
summation n.（裁判前）法庭辩论的总结deliberations n.评议；审议
venireman n.陪审员
chamber n.法官办公室
unanimous adj.一致同意的
suspension n.暂缓执行
restraint n.约束力
preponderance of evidence优势证据规则proof beyond a reasonable doubt排除合理怀疑
Unit6
wrongful death action不当致死诉讼；非正常死亡诉讼
habeas corpus人身保护令
刺秦王
tortfeasor n.侵权人
burden of proof举证责任
contributory negligence共同过失
enforce v.强制执行lea n.租赁协议deed n.转让协议standing n.诉讼资格pleading n.起诉bankruptcy n.破产
the rvice of process传票送达
cau of action诉讼理由
default judgment缺席判决answer n.答辩状affirmative defen肯定的防卫（类似于合理化事由，如正当防卫）
avoidance可以避免被判罪的理由
the statute of limitations诉讼时效
dismiss v.驳回negligent adj.过失的objection n.反对；异议
excessive damages数额过大的赔偿Sheriff n.法警proceeds n.拍卖所得judgment debtor判决书中的债务人exhibit n.物证
concurring opinions并行意见
disnting opinions反对意见
