2021年6月英语六级真题及答案解析（第一套）
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay bad on the graph below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the graph and comment on China's achievements in urbanization. You should write at least 150 words but no more than200 words.
Degree of urbanization in China from 1980 to 2019
70%
60%
.J50%
'a
140%
J 30%
10% 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Part n: Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this ction, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choo the best (Jnswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are bad on the conversation you have just heard.
1.A) He is going to leave his prent job.
B)He is going to attend a job interview.
C)He will meet his new manager in two weeks.
D)He will tell the management how he really feels.
2.A) It should be carefully analyzed.C)It can be quite uful to nior managers.
B)It should be kept private.D)It can improve interviewees' job prospects.
3.A) It may do harm to his fellow employees.
B)It may displea his immediate .superiors.
C)It may adverly affect his future career prospects.
D)It may leave a negative impression on the interviewer.
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4.A) Pour out his frustrations on a rate-your-employer website.
B)Network with his clo friends to find a better employer.
C)Do some practice for the exit interview.
D)Prepare a comprehensive exit report.
Questions 5 to 8 are bad on the conversation you have just heard.
5.A) Her career as a botanist.C)Her month-long expedition.
B)Her latest documentary.D)Her unsuccessful journey.
6.A) She was caught in a hurricane.C)She suffered from water shortage.
B)She had to live like a vegetarian.D)She had to endure many hardships.
7.A) They could no longer bear the humidity.C)A flood was approaching.
B)They had no more food in the canoe.D)A hurricane was coming.
8.A) It was memorable.C)It was fruitful.
B)It was unbearable.D)It was uneventful.
Section B
Directions: In this ction, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage , you will hear thr
ee or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question , you must choo the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 11 are bad on the passage you have just heard.
9.A) It ensures the accuracy of their arguments.C)It hurts laymen's dignity and lf-esteem.
B)It diminishes laymen's interest in science.D)It makes their expressions more explicit.
10.A) They will e the complexity of science.C)They tend to disbelieve the actual science.
B)They feel great respect towards scientists.D)They can learn to communicate with scientists.
11. A) Explain all the jargon terms.C)Find appropriate topics.
B)Do away with jargon terms.D)Stimulate their interest.
Questions 12 to 15 are bad on the passage you have just heard.
12.A) There were oil deposits below a local gassy hill.
B)The erupting gas might endanger local children.
C) There was oiHeakage-along the Gulf Coast.
D)The local gassy hill might start a huge fire.
13.A) The massive gas underground.
B)Their lack of the needed skill.
14.A) It was not as effective as he claimed.
B)It rendered many oil workers jobless.
15.A) It ruined the state's cotton and beef industries.
B)It totally destroyed the state's rural landscape. Section C C)Their lack of suitable tools.
D)The sand under the hill.
C)It gave birth to the oil drilling industry.
D)It was not popularized until years later.
C)It resulted in an oil surplus all over the world.
D)It radically transformed the state's economy.
Directions: In this ction ,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once .After you hear a question , you must choo the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are bad on the recording you have just heard.
16.A) Insufficient motivation.C)Unsuitable jobs.
B)Tough regulations.D)Bad managers.
17.A) Ineffective training.C)Overburdening of managers.
B)Toxic company culture.D)Lack of regular evaluation.
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18.A) It was bad only on the perspective of employees.
B)It provided meaningful clues to solving the problem.
C)It was conducted from frontline managers' point of view.
D)It collected feedback from both employers and employees.
Questions 19 to 21 are bad on the recording you have just heard.
19.A) It is expanding at an accelerating speed.C)It is yielding an unprecedented profit.
B)It is bringing prosperity to the region.D)It is eing an automation revolution.
20.A) It creates a lot of new jobs.
B)It exhausts res<;mrces sooner.
C)It caus conflicts between employers and employees.
D)It calls for the retraining of unskilled mining workers.
21.A) They will wait to e its effect.C)They accept it with rervations.
B)They welcome it with open arms.D)They are strongly oppod to it.
Questions 22 to 25 are bad on the recording you have just heard.
22.A) They have experienced a gradual decline since the year of 2017.
B)Their annual death rate is about twice that of the global average.
C)They kill more people than any infectious dia.
D)Their cost to the nation's economy is incalculable.
23.A) They are not as reliable as claimed.
B)They ri and fall from year to year.
C)They don't reflect the changes in individual countries.
D)They show a difference between rich and poor nations.
24.A) Many of them are investing heavily in infrastructure.
B)Many of them have en a decline in road-death rates.
C)Many of them are following the example t by Thailand.
D)Many of them have increasing numbers of cars on the road.
25.A) Foster better driving behavior.C)Provide better training for drivers.
B)Abolish all outdated traffic rules.D)Impo heavier penalties on speeding.
Part JI[
Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this ction, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to lect one word for
each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Plea mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not u any of the words in the bank more than once .
A new study has drawn a bleak picture of cultural inclusiveness reflected in the children's literature available in Australia. Dr. Helen Adam from Edith Cowan University's School of Education 26 the cultural diversity of children's books. She examined the books 27 in the kindergarten rooms of four day-'care centers in Western Australia. Just 18 percent of 2,413 books in the total collection contained any
28 of non�white people. Minority cultures were often featured in stereotypical or tokenistic ways, for example, by 29 Asian culture with chopsticks and traditional dress. Characters that did reprent a minority culture usually had 30 roles in the books. The main characters were mostly Caucasian. This caus concern as it can lead to an impression that whiteness is of greater value.
Dr. Adam said children formed impressions about 'difference' and identity from a very young age. Evidence has shown they develop own-race .31 from as young as three months of age. The books we
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share with young children can be a valuable opportunity to develop children's understanding of themlves and others. Books can also allow children to e diversity. They discover both similarities and differences between themlves and others. This can help develop understanding, acceptance and� of diversity.
Census data has shown Australians come from more than 200 countries. They speak over 300 languages at home. Additionally, Australians belong to more than 100 different religious groups. They also work in more than 1, OOO different occupations. "Australia is a multicultural society. The current --1!_ promotion of white middle-class ideas and lifestyles risks _li__ children from minority groups. This can give white middle-class children a n of 35 or privilege," Dr. Adam said.
A)alienating
B)appreciation
C)bias
D)fraud
E)houd Section B
F)investigated
G)overwhelming
H)portraying
I)reprentation
·J) safeguarded
K)' condary
L)superiority
M)temperament
N)tentative
0)threshold
Directions: In this ction, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choo a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter . Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
How Marconi Gave Us the Wireless World
A)A hundred years before iconic figures like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs permeated our lives, an Irish
Italian inventor laid the foundation of the communication explosion of the 21st century. Guglielmo Marconi was arguably the first truly global figure in modern communication. Not only was he the first to communicate globally, he was the first to think globally about communication. Marconi may not have been the greatest inventor of his time, but more than anyone el, he brought about a fundamental shift in the way we communicate.
B)Today's globally networked media and conimunication system has its origins in the 19th century, when,
for the first time, messages were nt electronically across great distances. The telegraph, the -telep
hone, and radio were the obvious predecessors of the-Internet, -iPotls, and-mobile phones. What made the link from then to now was the development of wireless communication. Marconi was the first to develop and perfect this system, using the recently-discovered "air waves" that make up the electromagnetic spectrum.
C)Between 1896, when he applied for his first patent in England at the age of 22, and his death in Italy
in 1937, Marconi was at the center of every major innovation in electronic communication. He was also a skilled and sophisticated organizer, an entrepreneurial innovator, who mastered the u of corporate strategy, media relations, government lobbying, international diplomacy, patents, and procution. Marconi was really interested in only one thing: the extension of mobile, personal, longdistance communication to the ends of the earth ( a nd beyond, if we can believe some reports) . Some like to refer to him as a genius, but if there was any genius to Marconi it was this vision.
D)In 1901 he succeeded in signaling across the Atlantic, from the west coast of England to Newfoundland
in the USA, despite the claims of science that it could not be done. In 1924 he convinced the British
government to encircle the world with a chain of wireless stations using the latest technology that he had devid, shortwave radio. There are some who say Marconi lost his edge when commercial broadcasting came along; he didn't e that radio could or should be ud to frivolous (::JGJMJ(ID) ends.
In one of his last public speeches, a radio broadcast to the United States in March 1937, he deplored that broadcasting had become a one-way means of communication and foresaw it moving in another
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direction, toward communication as a means of exchange. That was visionary genius.
E)Marconi's career was devoted to making wireless communication happen cheaply, efficiently,
smoothly, and with an elegance that would appear to be intuitive and uncomplicated to the ur-urfriendly, if you will. There is a direct connection from Marconi to today's social media, arch engines, and program streaming that can best be summed up by an admittedly provocative exclamation: the 20th century did not exist. In a n, Marconi's vision jumped from his time to our own.
F)Marconi invented the idea of global communication-or, more straightforwardly, globally networked,
mobile, wireless communication. Initially, this was wireless Mor code telegraphy ( It �fiBm. i-tU , the principal communication technology of his day. Marconi was the first to develop a practical method for wireless telegraphy using radio waves. He borrowed technical details from many sources, but what t him apart was a lf-confident vision of the power of communication technology on the one hand, and, on the other, of the steps that needed to be taken to consolidate his own position as a player in that field. Tracing Marconi's lifeline leads us into the story of modern communication itlf. There were other important figures, but Marconi towered over them all in reach, power, and influence, as well as in the grip he had on the popular imagination of his time. Marconi was quite simply the central figure in the emergence of a modern understanding of communication.
G)In his lifetime, Marconi foresaw the development of television and the fax machine, GPS, radar, and
the portable hand-held telephone. Two months before he died, newspapers were reporting that he was working on a "death ray," and that he had "killed a rat with an intricate device at a distance of thr
ee feet." By then, anything Marconi said or did was newsworthy. Stock prices ro or sank according to his pronouncements. If Marconi said he thought it might rain, there was likely to be a run on umbrellas.
H)Marconi's biography is also a story about choices and the motivations behind them. At one level,
Marconi could be fiercely autonomous and independent of the constraints of his own social class. On another scale, he was a perpetual outsider. Wherever he went, he was never "of" the group; he. was always the "other," considered foreign in Britain, British in Italy, and "not American" in the United States. At the same time, he also suffered tremendously from a need for acceptance that drove, and sometimes stained, every one of his relationships.
I)Marconi placed a permanent stamp on the way we live. He was the first person to imagine a practical
application for the wireless spectrum, and to develop it successfully into a global communication system-in both terms of the word; that is, worldwide and all-inclusive. He was able to do this becau of a combination of factors-most important, timing and opportunity-but the single-mindedness and determination with which he carried out his lf-impod mission was fundamentall
y character-bad;
millions of Marconi's contemporaries had the same class, gender, race, and colonial privilege as he, but only a handful did anything with it. Marconi needed to achieve the goal that was t in his mind as an adolescent; by the time he reached adulthood, he understood, intuitively, that in order to have an impact he had to both develop an independent economic ba and align himlf with political power.
Disciplined, uncritical loyalty to political power became his compass.for the choices he had to make. J)At the same time, Marconi was uncompromisingly independent intellectually. Shortly after Marconi's death, the nuclear physicist Enrico Fermi-soon to be the developer of the Manhattan Project-wrote that Marconi proved that theory and experimentation were complementary features of progress.
"Experience can rarely, unless guided by a theoretical concept, arrive at results of any great significance ... o n the other hand, an excessive ·trust in theoretical conviction would have prevented Marconi from persisting in experiments which were destined t0 bring about a revolution in the technique of radio-communications." In other words, Marconi had the advantage of not being burdened by preconceived assumptions.
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