Civil rights
民权词汇
这里是一些谈论civil rights（民权）问题的有用搭配。
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. struggled to attain his goals peacefully. 马丁路德金博士为了和平实现目标努力奋斗。
He championed the cau of poor people everywhere. 他到处维护穷人的利益。
He wanted to eradicate poverty. 他想消除疾病和贫穷。
用定冠词 the + 一个形容词来表示一类人，比如，the sick、the poor 和 the rich。poor 的名词形式是 poverty，wealth 是 wealthy 的名词形式。
There's a big gap between the rich and the poor. 富人和穷人之间的差距很大。
So many people live in poverty, while so few hold the wealth. 生活在贫困中的人是那么多，而富裕的人却又那么少。
美国人有时通过种族来表明身份。African Americans或black people的祖先来自非洲。其他族群包括Asian Americans；American Indians或 Native Americans；以及 Latinos或 Hispanics。
政府和其他机构用自己的语言来定义美国居民，有时候这个族群的定义很广（比如，Caucasian 表示拥有不同祖先的 white people），有时又比较窄（for example, 'Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander'）。我们需要知道的是族群的叫法有可能是个敏感话题，这方面的争论超越了地域、时代、甚至社会和政治界限。
Dr. King fought for civil rights for African Americans. 金博士为了非裔美国人的民权而战。
The first Asian Americans came to the US from the Philippines in the 1750s. 首批亚裔美国人是在18世纪50年代从菲律宾来到美国的。
'Hispanic' generally refers to people of Spanish or Spanish-speaking culture, but definitions vary. 西班牙裔一般指在西班牙或西班牙语国家的人，但也不一定。
文化点：美国被认为是一个“大熔炉”，因其民众大部分是移民，而有些人对美国的认同超过了对自己的祖先。最好了解一下他们更喜欢别人怎么称呼自己，避免贴上个人标签。
前缀non-加在词首，意思是no或者not。用nonviolence 和 nonpartisan一类的词来谈论民权和政治。
King achieved his goals peacefully, through nonviolent action. 金通过非暴力行为和平实现了自己的目标。
The organization is nonprofit and nonpartisan. 该组织为非盈利、无党派。
语言提示：这里的例子没有hyphen (连字符)。你会看到这类词和其他诸如non-的带了连字符的前缀。标点符号有可能会随着时间的推移而改变，很多带连字符的词现在已经没有连字符了。
guaranteed wage或guaranteed annual income是金博士强烈支持的一项运动。
A guaranteed annual income would help poor people afford housing. 最低年收入保障可以帮助穷人买房。
按顺序阅读
当你读一段文字时，注意帮助你紧跟事件发生顺序的词汇和短语。比如，找出关键日期和年份：
King began his political career in college in the early 1950s. 金在20世纪50年代早期的大学时代开了政治生涯。
King led a civil rights march in Chicago in the summer of 1966. 1966年夏，金在芝加哥领导了一个民权游行。
He was assassinated on April 4, 1968. 他在1968年4月4日遇刺。
找出显示时间的词汇和短语：
Once he proved his leadership abilities, he became well-known across the nation. 他的领导能力一经证实立即全国皆知。
Prior to the civil rights movement, laws parated white people from black people. 在民权运动之前，法律隔离了白人与黑人。
While in Washington, King delivered his famous 'I Have a Dream' speech. 金在华盛顿发表了著名的“我有一个梦想”演说。
找出提示一系列事件的副词：
Afterward, he became a celebrated person in US civil rights history. 后来，他成为了美国民权史上的一位名人。
Subquently, he was assassinated. 随后，他被暗杀了。
Previously, activist W.E.B. Du Bois had made an enormous impact. 之前，激进分子W.E.B.杜波依斯已经造成了巨大影响。
Later, Barbara Jordan became the first African American congresswoman from the South.
之后，芭芭拉·乔丹成为了南部首位非裔美国国会女议员。
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr., the US civil rights leader, began his political career as president of his nior college class in 1951. Four years after college, he earned his doctorate from Boston University. His talent for leadership developed and, following university study, Dr. King went on to become a member of the executive board of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), an organization still at the forefront of civil rights today.
King's early leadership roles helped prepare him to take charge of one of the most dramatic events in US civil rights history: the 1955 bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama – a protest inspired by Rosa Parks. Becau Parks, a black woman, refud to give her at to a white pasnger, she was arrested by the police. King and other black leaders championed Parks' cau, asking African Americans in Montgomery to stop riding public bus. The boycott lasted 381 days and caud significant financial damage to the bus c
ompany. Prior to the boycott, the law said that black people could not sit with white people on public bus, and they had to give up their ats when the white ction was full. Just one year later, King had achieved what many people wanted: The US Supreme Court declared gregation on bus unconstitutional, ensuring that black people could ride on bus as equals. Once people heard about the success of the bus boycott, they began to think of King as the nation's most powerful black leader.
Subquently, King helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), a religious organization that provided leadership and guidance during the civil rights movement. He was with the SCLC until his assassination in 1968. King traveled the country speaking and writing about the concept of civil rights and the need for new laws that ensured equality. In 1963, he led a historic, nonviolent event in Washington, DC – the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom – in which about 250,000 people collectively demanded of President John F. Kennedy and the government equal opportunities for all people. It was during that event that King delivered his most famous speech, 'I Have a Dream.'
The march was credited with helping to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. And King's celebrated speech not only cemented his position as the nation's most important civil rights leader but also won admiration from people around the world.
