2022届广州市高三年级调研考试
英语试题
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Entering adulthood is an important step in everyone's life. It means that a young person must soon leave childishness behind and start to shoulder grown-up responsibilities.
In Germany, “Jugendfeier” is a coming-of-age ceremony for 14-year-olds. They go to school to prepare for the occasion, studying topics, such as cultural respect and social responsibility, which will help them become worthy citizens. The hope is that the young people taking part in the ceremony will take on the values for themlves.
In Latin America, “quinceanera” is a celebration for girls on their 15th birthday, marking a girl’s entry into womanhood. In the past, “quinceanera” was intended to ready girls for marriage and they were taught cooking, wing, and other houhold skills in preparation. Today, it's similar to how one's 18th birthday is considered an important day in other cultures.
In India, the sacred thread ceremony is performed when a boy is grown-up. He is given three sacred threads reprenting three promis he makes: to respect knowledge, to respect his parents and to respect society. After the ceremony, the child, traditionally, leaves his family to live with a Guru(teacher). At this point the boy becomes "twice-born"---first his physical birth, and cond his intellectual birth through a teacher's care.
In Vanuatu, young boys come of age by jumping off a 98-foot-tall tower with a bungee-like rope tied to their ankles, just barely preventing them from hitting the ground. At the ceremony, the diver's mother will hold something reprenting his childhood, and after the jump the item will be thrown away, reprenting the end of childhood. He is now a man, ready to protect the family
21. What is the shared expectation of the four coming-of-age ceremonies?
A. Having respect for knowledge
B. Getting ready to rai a family
C Acquiring cross-cultural awareness
D. Developing a n of responsibility
22. Which app might appeal to people entering adulthood in Germany?
A. B. C. D.
23. In which place are things with special meanings given to the young attendants?
A. Germany.
B. Latin America
C. India
D. Vanuatu.
B
Tod Morgan was born blind, mentally challenged, and autistic. So he couldn't e, he could not learn like other children, and he didn't interact with people very much. He did not em to have much of a chance. Then, when he was two years old, he began to play little songs on his tiny toy piano. He could play perfectly some of the children's tunes he had heard.
Today, Tod works as a professional pianist. He plays jazz, Broadway songs, and classical pieces. After hearing a tune, he can imitate it almost perfectly the first time he plays it. He doesn't only imitate; Tod is creative too. He can change a classical piece to a jazz, a jazz to a polka, and a polka to a waltz. In addition to the p1ano, Tod plays 13 other instruments and also sings. Tod's list of musical heroes includes Louis Armstrong, Mozart, and Beethoven. How can this be? How can such a verely challenged person be so musically talented?
Tod has what is called “savant syndrome'' ---a condition in which a mentally challenged person has a tightly developed talent of a specific kind. Savant syndrome is a mystery to medical rearchers. One person who is studying savant syndrome is Dr. David Brighton. He says that he has never en a musical savant like Tod. Most musical savants are limited to simply repeating tunes they hear. Dr. Brighton points out that Tod's ability to come up with his own tunes is a giant step beyond memorization.
As for Tod, after studying jazz piano at the Music School at Rivers in Massachutts, he attended and graduated from the famous Berklee College of Music in Boston. Tod is encouraged
by his parents as he performs all over the world, appearing on TV and radio shows.
24.What does the author mean by saying that Tod “did not em to have much of a chance"?
A.Tod was not likely to be completely cured.
B.Tod's chances of success in life were small.
C.Tod's ability to learn music was very limited.
D.Tod would have few opportunities to meet others.
25.A person with savant syndrome is .
B.socially inactive but musically talented
C.physically disabled but highly intelligent
D.psychologically challenged but physically gifted
26.What distinguishes Tod from most musical savants?
A.His memory.
B.His creativity.
B.His sociability. D.His learning speed.
27.What can be concluded from the text?
A.Tod is a typical ca of a rious dia.
B.Family support is vital to Tod's recovery.
C.Music connects Tod to the world around him.
D.Music education is a cure to the mentally disabled.
C
Video conferencing has been around for more than 20 years. Until the Covid-19 pandemic, though, you would find that many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of their teammates. Today, we're routinely holding video conferences that are 100% virtual (虚拟).And this is creating a problem that technology can't fix.
The problem is us, specifically the fact that we haven't evolved socially to the point where we can bear much paration. So much of our well-being and work productivity is decided on how clo we are physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be verely damaging. One surprising victim of social distancing is laughter
Normally people laugh about 18 times per day. And 97% of that time we're laughing with others - we are 30 times more likely to laugh with others than to laugh alone. Think about it: how often when you and your friends laugh at something, is that something actually funny? Rearch shows that 80% of what people laugh at is really not that funny.
So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠) when just one person yawns, most people can't help but laugh when tho around them do. This is why TV comedy shows often u prerecorded laugh tracks.
Laughing in respon to other people's laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon. When we laugh, our body produces two key chemicals: endorphin which helps relieve pain and ts off feelings of pleasure, and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also associated with higher motivation and productivity at work.
In today's home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as a team leader should be doing: for your team members to stay healthy and productive, you need to get them to laugh more and stress less.
28. What is the problem mentioned at the start of the text?
A. Physical weakness.
B. Lack of technology.
C.Social distancing.
D. Reliance or virtual conference.
29. The underlined word “This” in paragraph 4 refers to the fact that
A. laugh tracks are popular
B.laughing is uncontrollable
C. laughing starts with yawning
D. laughing comes more easily in groups
30. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. Why laughing is important to work.
B. How laughing keeps us physically healthy.
C. Whether laughing is a behavioral phenomenon.
D. What chemicals our body produces when we laugh
31. What would the author most probably discuss next?
A. Concrete steps to produce laughter in a team.
B. Other factors that may influence a team's health.
C. Ways to tell the real world from the virtual world.
D. The importance of maintaining work productivity.
D
If you have trouble falling asleep, listen up. You might fall asleep 15 minutes earlier and wake up far less during the night if you put on a pair of socks at bedtime.
To understand why, you first need to grasp the relationship between core body temperature and sleep. During daylight hours, the human body has an average temperature of 37℃. But your core body temperature drops as much as 1.2℃ over one night's sleep. This gradual decrea is a key part of how we sleep. Put simply, the faster you can lower your core body temperature, the faster you will fall asleep.
One way that your body controls its temperature is through blood vesls (血管)in the skin. If your body is too hot, your blood vesls widen, pushing the warmer blood nearer the skin's surface, helping it to cool. If your body is too cold, the opposite happens. Your blood vesls narrow, restrictin
g the flow of blood to the surface.
The palms of your feet are one of your body's most efficient heat exchangers, since they are hairless and less protected than other skin surfaces. Rearchers have shown that warming the feet before going to sleep using a warm foot bath or by wearing socks promotes blood vesl widening. which in turn lowers the body's core temperature faster than going to sleep with cold, bare feet.
Scientists suspect that socked feet have a sleep-benefiting effect on the brain as well. The warm-nsitive neurons(神经元)in the brain become more active when there's a temperature difference between the body's core and the feet. Rearchers have found that the neurons become more active as we get sleepy and slow down as we wake up, so that warming up the feet before bedtime may give them an extra drive, making you feel sleepier.
