广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷
考试年度：2020年 考试科目代码及名称：804-英语写作与翻译(自命题)
适用专业：050201 英语语言文学
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Part I Writing （100分）
（1） Summary Writing (1题，共40分)
Write a summary bad on the following text. Your summary must be in a continuous paragraph and contain 120—150 words.
The term “cyberspace”(网际空间) was coined by William Gibson, a science-fiction writer. He first ud it in a short story in 1982, and expanded on it a couple of years later in a novel, “Neuromancer”, who main character, Henry Dortt Ca, is a troubled computer hacker and drug addict. In the book Mr Gibson describes cyberspace as “a connsual hallucinatio
n experienced daily by billions of legitimate operators.”
His literary creation turned out to be remarkably prescient. Cyberspace has become a popular term, symbolic of the computing devices, networks, wireless links and other infrastructure that bring the internet to billions of people around the world. The myriad connections forged by the technologies have brought tremendous benefits to everyone who us the web to tap into humanity’s collective store of knowledge every day.
But there is a darker side to this extraordinary invention. Data breaches are becoming ever bigger and more common. Last year over 800m records were lost, mainly through such attacks. Among the most prominent recent victims has been Target, who chief executive, Gregg Steinhafel, stood down from his job in May, a few months after the giant American retailer revealed that online intruders had stolen millions of digital records about its customers, including credit- and debit-card details. Other well-known firms such as Adobe, a tech company, and eBay, an online marketplace, have also been hit. The potential damage, though, extends well beyond such commercial incursions. America’s pr
esident, Barack Obama, said in a White Hou press relea earlier this year that cyber-threats “po one of the gravest national-curity dangers” the country is facing.
Securing cyberspace is hard becau the architecture of the internet was designed to promote connectivity, not curity. Its founders focud on getting it to work and did not worry much about threats becau the network was affiliated with America’s military. As hackers turned up, layers of curity, from antivirus programs to firewalls, were added to try to keep them at bay. Gartner, a rearch firm, reckons that last year organizations around the globe spent $67 billion on information curity.
But the task is becoming harder. Cyber-curity, which involves protecting both data and people, is facing multiple threats, notably cybercrime and online industrial espionage, both of which are growing rapidly. A recent estimate by the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) puts the annual global cost of digital crime and intellectual-property theft at $445 billion—a sum roughly equivalent to the GDP of a smallish rich European country such as Austria.
There is, therefore, an urgent need to provide incentives to improve cyber-curity, be they carrots or sticks. One idea is to encourage internet-rvice providers, or the companies that manage internet connections, to shoulder more responsibility for identifying and helping to clean up computers infected with malicious software. Another is to find ways to ensure that software developers produce code with fewer flaws in it so that hackers have fewer curity holes to exploit.
An additional reason for getting tech companies to give a higher priority to curity is that cyberspace is about to undergo another massive change. Over the next few years billions of new devices in our daily lives, from cars to houhold appliances and medical equipment, will be fitted with tiny computers that connect them to the web and make them more uful.
（2） Essay Writing (1题，60分)
There is a debate in the foreign studies circle over the disciplinary attribute of English major in recent years. Do you agree with tho scholars who insist that English is merely
a tool of communication, or do you agree with tho who regard it more as a carrier of cultural values?
Write an essay of 400—600 words on your opinion of English as a foreign language.
Part II Translation(50分)
（1） English-Chine Translation (25分)
The day pasd, and the night following, and the next, and next; till, almost without their being aware, five days had slipped by in absolute clusion, not a sight or sound of a human being disturbing their peacefulness, such as it was. The changes of the weather were their only events, the birds of the forest their only company. By tacit connt they hardly once spoke of any incident of the past subquent to their wedding-day. The gloomy intervening time emed to sink into chaos, over which the prent and prior times clod as if it never had been. Whenever he suggested that they should leave their shelter, and go forwards towards Southampton or London, she showed a strange unwillingness to move.
