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1、A scientist once said: “I have concluded that the earth is being visited by intelligently controlled vehicle s from outer space.”一位科学家曾说过“我断定来自外太空的智能飞船正在造访地球。”
1.1 intelligently英/in`telidʒəntli/ 美/in`telidʒəntli/adv. 聪明地，明智地
1.2 vehicle英/ˈvɪəkl/ 美/ˈviəkəl/n. [车辆] 车辆；工具；交通工具；运载工具；传播媒介；媒介物
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2、If we take this as a reasonable explanation for UFOs (unidentified flying objects), questions immediately come up.如果我们将其作为对不明飞行物的合理解释，那么问题马上就来了。
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3、“Why don`t they get in touch with us, then? Why don`t they land right on the White Hou lawn and declare themlves?” people asked.人们会问：“那么他们为什么不和我们联系呢？为什么他们不正好降落到白宫的草坪上然后自我介绍一下呢？”
3.1 lawn英/lɔːn/ 美/lɔn/n. 草地；草坪
3.2 declare英/dɪ'kleə/ 美/dɪ'klɛr/vt. 宣布，声明；断言，宣称vi. 声明，宣布
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4、In reply, scientists say that, while this may be what we want, it may not necessarily be what they want. 对于这些问题，科学家们的回答是：虽然这也许是我们想要的，但这也许并不是他们想要的啊。
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5、“The most likely explanation, it ems to me,” said Dr. Mead, “is that they are simply watching what we are up to -- that responsible society outside our solar system is keeping an eye on us to e that we don`t t in motion a chain reaction that might have unexpected effects for outside our solar system.”米德博士称“在我看来，最可能的解释是他们只不过是看看我们在做什么——我们太阳系之外有责任心的社会正留意着我们，以确保我们不会触发某种连锁反应，从而给太阳系之外的星系造成意想不到的影响。”
5.1 solar英/'səʊlə/ 美/'solɚ/n. 日光浴室adj. 太阳的；日光的；利用太阳光的；与太阳相关的
5.2 motion英/'məʊʃ(ə)n/ 美/'moʃən/n. 动作；移动；手势；请求；意向；议案vt. 运动；向…打手势vi. 运动；打手势
5.3 chain英/tʃeɪn/ 美/tʃen/n. 链；束缚；枷锁vt. 束缚；囚禁；用铁链锁住Paragraph 6
6、Opinions from other scientists might go like this: “Why should they want to get in
touch with us? We may feel we`re more important than we really are! They may want to obrve us only and not interfere with the development of our civilization. They may not care if we e them but they also may not care to say `hello`.”其他科学家的观点是这样的：“他们为什么要联系我们？我们也许把自己想的过于重要了！他们也许就是想观察我们而不想介入人类文明的发展。他们也许并不关心我们是否看到了他们，也不关心是否打个招呼。”
6.1 interfere英/ɪntə'fɪə/ 美/,ɪntɚ'fɪr/vi. 干涉；妨碍；打扰vt. 冲突；介入Paragraph 7
7、Some scientists have also suggested that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife rerve. Just as we t aside wilderness areas and wildlife rerves to allow animals and growing things to develop naturally while we obrve them. So perhaps Earth was t aside ages ago for the same purpo. 还有一些科学家认为，地球就是一个动物园或是野生动物保护区。就像我们划出野生动物活动区和保护区以便我
们可以在自然状态观察动植物的生长情况一样，或许地球就是很早以前为达到相同的目的而被划出的保护区。
7.1 t aside留出；驳回，撤销；不顾
7.2 wilderness英/'wɪldənɪs/ 美/'wɪldɚnəs/n. 荒地；大量，茫茫一片Paragraph 8
8、Are we being obrved by intelligent beings from other civilizations in the univer? Are they watching our progress in space travel? Do we live in a gigantic“zoo” obrved by our “keepers,” but having no communication with them?宇宙中其他文明的智能生物正在观察我们么？他们正留意我们在太空航行上的进展么？我们是生活在一个只能被“饲养员”观察却无法与其沟通的巨型“动物园”里么？
8.1 gigantic英/dʒaɪ'gæntɪk/ 美/dʒaɪ'ɡæntɪk/adj. 巨大的，庞大的Paragraph 9
9、Never before in our history have we had to confront ideas like the. The simple fact is that we, who have always regarded ourlves as supreme in the univer, may not be so. Now we have to recognize that, among the stars in the heavens, there may very well be worlds inhabited by beings who are to us as we are to ants.在人类的历史上，我们从未遇到过类似的想法。真相很简单，那就是我们总认为在整个宇宙中我们是至高无上的，可事实也许并非如此。现在我们必须认识到在茫茫星海中，也许就有这样的星体，那上面居住的生物看待我们就如同我们看待蚂蚁一样。
9.1 confront英/kən'frʌnt/ 美/kən'frʌnt/vt. 面对；遭遇；比较
9.2 supreme英/suː'priːm/ 美/suˈprim/n. 至高；霸权adj. 最高的；至高的；最重要的
1989 Text 2
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1、The u of the motor is becoming more and more widespread in the twentieth century; as an increasing number of countries develop both technically and economically, so a larger proportion of t he world`s population is able to buy and u a car.二十世纪，汽车的用途变得越来越广泛了，因为越来越多的国家在技术和经济领域都取得了进步，所以世界上大部分人都能购买并使用汽车了。
1.1 proportion英/prə'pɔːʃ(ə)n/ 美/prə'pɔrʃən/n. 比例，占比；部分；面积；均衡vt. 使成比例；使均衡；分摊
2、Posssing a car gives a much greater degree of mobility, enabling the driver to move around freely. 拥有一辆汽车就相当于具有更大的灵活性，开车的人可以自由活动。
2.1 posss英/pə'zes/ 美/pə'zɛs/vt. 控制；使掌握；持有；迷住
2.2 mobility英/məʊ'bɪlətɪ/ 美/mo'bɪləti/n. 移动性；机动性；[电子] 迁移率
3、The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport and is, therefore, not compelled to work locally.有汽车的人不必再依靠公共交通工具，因此也不必在工作所在地居住了。
3.1 compel英/kəm'pel/ 美/kəm'pɛl/vt. 强迫，迫使；强使发生
4、He can choo from different jobs and probably changes his work more frequently as he is not restrict ed to a choice within a small radius. 他可以选择不同的工作，也可能更频繁地跳槽，他不必在离家很近的范围内选择工作了。
4.1 restrict英/rɪ'strɪkt/ 美/rɪ'strɪkt/vt. 限制；约束；限定
4.2 radius英/'reɪdɪəs/ 美/'redɪəs/n. 半径，半径范围；[解剖] 桡骨；辐射光线；有效航程
5、Travelling to work by car is also more comfortable than having to u public transport; the driver can adjust the heating in winter and the air conditioning in the summer to suit his own needs and preference. 同乘坐公共汽车相比，开车上班也更加舒适些，人们可以按自己的需要和喜好随着季节来调节车内供暖和空调系统。
5.1 adjust英/ə'dʒʌst/ 美/ə'dʒʌst/vt. 调整，使…适合；校准vi. 调整，校准；适应
5.2 preference英/'pref(ə)r(ə)ns/ 美/'prɛfrəns/n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权
6、There is no irritation caud by waiting for trains, bus or underground trains, standing in long patient queue s, or sitting on windy platforms, for as long as half an hour sometimes. 有时人们要花半个小时站在长长的队伍里或坐在当风的站台内等火车、公交或地铁，由这种情况导致的恼怒也会随着汽车的使用而消失。
6.1 irritation英/ɪrɪ'teɪʃn/ 美/,ɪrə'teʃən/n. 刺激；激怒，恼怒，生气；兴奋；令人恼火的事
6.2 queue英/kjuː/ 美/kju/n. 队列；长队；辫子vt. 将…梳成辫子；使…排队vi. 排队；排队等候
7、With the building of good, fast motorway s long distances can be covered rapidly and pleasantly. 随着宽敞快捷的高速公路的修建，长途旅行变得快捷且愉快了。
7.1 motorway英/'məʊtəweɪ/ 美/'motɚwe/n. 高速公路，汽车高速公路
8、For the first time in this century also, many people are now able to enjoy their leisure time to the full by making trips to the country or aside at the weekends, instead of being confined to their immediate neighbourhood. 许多人能够在周末的时候开车去乡村或海边，好好地享受他们的闲暇时光，而不用限制在住家附近的地方活动，这在本世纪也属首次了。
8.1 leisure英/'leʒə/ 美/'liʒɚ/n. 闲暇；空闲；安逸adj. 空闲的；有闲的；业余的
8.2 confine to vt. 只限于；关在…里面
9、This feeling of independence, and the freedom to go where you plea, is perhaps the greatest advantage of the car. 自主的感觉以及去任何想去的地方的那种自由或许是汽车最大的优点了。
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1、When considering the drawbacks, perhaps pollution is of prime importance. 考虑到不好的方面，汽车造成的污染或许是其最大的缺点。
1.1 prime英/praɪm/ 美/praɪm/n. 初期；青年；精华；全盛时期adj. 主要的；最好的；基本的vt. 使准备好；填装vi. 作准备adv. 极好地
2、As more and more cars are produced and ud, so the emission from their exhaust-pipes contains an ever larger volume of poisonous gas. 因为人们生产和使用的汽车越来越多，所以汽车的尾气管里会排出更多含有有毒物质的
废气。
2.1 emission英/ɪ'mɪʃ(ə)n/ 美/ɪ'mɪʃən/n. （光、热等的）发射，散发；喷射；发行
2.2 poisonous英/'pɒɪzənəs/ 美/'pɔɪzənəs/adj. 有毒的；恶毒的；讨厌的
2.3 an larger volume of一个更大的体积
3、Some of the contents of this gas, such as lead, not only pollute the atmosphere but cau actual harm to the health of people. 这种气体中一些成分的，例如铅，不仅污染了大气还对人们健康造成了实际伤害。
3.1 lead英/li:d;led/ 美/lid; lɛd/n. 领导；铅；导线；榜样adj. 带头的；最重要的vi. 领导；导致；用水砣测深vt. 领导；致使；引导；指挥
4、Many of the minor illness of modern industrial society, headaches, tiredness, and stomach upts are thought to ari from breathing polluted air; doctors` surgeries are full of people suffering from illness caud by pollution. 人们认为现代工业社会中许多小病，例如，头痛、疲劳以及胃不适，都是由于吸入污浊的空气而引起的，医生的诊室里面充满了受其累的病患。
4.1 ari from 由…引起，起因于stomach upts肠胃不适，消化不良
4.2 surgery英/'sɜːdʒ(ə)rɪ/ 美/'sɝdʒəri/n. 外科；外科手术；手术室；诊疗室
5、It is also becoming increasingly difficult to deal with the problem of traffic in towns; most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic congestion. 处理城市里交通问题也变得越来越棘手了，世界上大多数重要城市都饱受交通堵塞之苦。
5.1 congestion英/kən'dʒestʃ(ə)n/ 美/kən'dʒɛstʃən/n. 拥挤；拥塞；淤血
6、In fact any advantage gained in comfort is often cancelled out in city driving by the frustration caud by traffic jams: endless queues of cars crawl ing one after another through all the main streets. 事实上，在城市中驾车而行，从这种舒适中获取的任何好处都被由交通堵塞造成的沮丧感给抵消了：一眼望不到边际的汽车长龙，一辆跟着一辆慢慢爬过每一条主街道。
6.1 cancel out取消；抵销
6.2 frustration英/frʌ'streɪʃn/ 美/frʌ'streʃən/n. 挫折
6.3 crawl英/krɔːl/ 美/krɔl/n. 爬行；养鱼池；匍匐而行vt. 爬行；缓慢地行进vi. 爬行；匍匐行进
7、As an increasing number of traffic regulation schemes are devi d, the poor bewildered driver finds himlf diverted and forced into one-way systems which cau even greater delays than the traffic jams they are suppod to prevent. 当越来越多的交通管理方案出台时，晕头转向的司机发现
可怜的自己被迫转进了一条单行道，这样耽误的时间超过了他们所避免的交通拥堵时间。
7.1 devi英/dɪ'vaɪz/ 美/dɪ'vaɪz/n. 遗赠vt. 设计；想出；发明；图谋；遗赠给
7.2 regulation英/regjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n/ 美/ˌrɛɡjəˈleʃən/n. 管理；规则；校准adj. 规定的；平常的
7.3 scheme英/skiːm/ 美/skim/n. 计划；组合；体制；诡计vt. 计划；策划vi. 搞阴谋；拟订计划
7.4 bewildered英/bɪ'wɪldəd/ 美/bi'wildəd/v. 使困惑（bewilder的过去分词）adj. 困惑的；眩
7.5 divert英/daɪ'vɜːt; dɪ-/ 美/dɪˈvɚt/vt. 转移；使…欢娱；使…转向vi. 转移
8、The mounting cost of petrol and the incread licen fees and road tax all add to the driver`s worries. 飙升的油价和日益上涨的驾驶执照费和养路费使驾车人变得更忧心忡忡。
8.1 mounting英/'maʊntɪŋ/ 美/'maʊntɪŋ/n. 装备，装配；上马；衬托纸adj. 逐渐增加的v. 增加（mount 的ing形式）；爬上
8.2 petrol英/'petr(ə)l/ 美/'pɛtrəl/n. （英）汽油
9、In fact, he must sometimes wonder if the motor car is such a blessing and not just a menace.事
实上，他肯定有时候会想弄清楚汽车真的只会带来幸福而不会对我们造成威胁么。
9.1 blessing英/'blesɪŋ/ 美/'blɛsɪŋ/n. 祝福；赐福；祷告v. 使幸福（bless的ing形式）；使神圣化；为…祈神赐福
9.2 menace英/'menəs/ 美/'mɛnəs/n. 威胁；恐吓vt. 威胁；恐吓vi. 恐吓；进行威胁
1989 Text 3
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1、Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existent. 如今，礼貌在像伦敦这样的大都市里实际上已经不存在了。
1.1 metropolitan英/metrə'pɒlɪt(ə)n/ 美/,mɛtrə'pɑlɪtən/n. 大城市人；大主教；宗主国的公民adj. 大都市的；大主教辖区的；宗主国的metropolitan cities指交通发达的大都会
1.2 non-existent英/nʌn ig'zistənt/ 美/nʌn ig'zistənt/adj. 不存在的
1.3 practically英/'præktɪk(ə)lɪ/ 美/'præktɪkli/adv. 实际地；几乎；事实上
2、It is nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to elbow an elderly woman aside in the dash for the last remaining at on the tube or bus, much less stand up and offer his at to her, as he ought. 一个大个头，身体强壮的男学生在冲向地铁或公共汽车的最后一个座位时，用肘部把一个老太太推向一旁，这已经不算什么了，更别指望他站起来把座位让给老太太，尽管他应该那样做。
2.1 elbow英/'elbəʊ/ 美/'ɛlbo/n. 肘部；弯头；扶手vt. 推挤；用手肘推开in the dash在短跑
2.2 dash英/dæʃ/ 美/dæʃ/n. 破折号；冲撞vi. 猛冲；撞击vt. 使…破灭；猛撞；泼溅
2.3 tube英/tjuːb/ 美/tub/n. 管；电子管；隧道；电视机vt. 使成管状；把…装管；用管输送vi. 乘地铁；不及格
2.4 much less更不用说；不及
3、In fact, it is saddening to note that if a man does offer his at to an older woman, it is nearly always a Continental man or one from the older generation. 实际上，我们悲哀地发现如果真有一个人把自己的座位让给老年妇女，那么这个人几乎总是欧洲大陆人或是老一辈的人。
3.1 continental英/kɒntɪ'nent(ə)l/ 美/,kɑntɪ'nɛntl/n. 欧洲人adj. 大陆的；大陆性的
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1、This question of giving up ats in public transport is much argued about by young men, who say that, since women have claimed equality, they no longer derve to be treated with courtesy and that tho who go out to work should take their turn in the rat race like anyone el. 在公共交通工具上让座的问题常被青年人争论，他们说，既然妇女要求平等，那么她们将不应再被礼貌对待，那些出去工作的人应该像其他任何人一样在你死我活的竞争中轮流等候。
1.1 courtesy英/'kɜːtɪsɪ/ 美/'kɝtəsi/n. 礼貌；好意；恩惠adj. 殷勤的；被承认的；出于礼节的
1.2 rat英/ræt/ 美/ræt/n. 鼠；卑鄙小人，叛徒vi. 捕鼠；背叛，告密rat racen. 激烈竞争（商业上）
1.3 take turn 轮流
2、Women have never claimed to be physically as strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, that young men should stand up for younger women, the fact remains that courtesy should be shown to the old, the sick and the burdened. 妇女从未声明像男子一样身强力壮。即使在年轻男子应该让位给年轻女子的做法上不能达成共识，但是对那些老人、病者和负重之人仍应给予礼貌。
2.1 burdened英/'bə:dnd/ 美/'bə:dnd/v. 把重担加于；劳累（burden的过去分词）adj. 负荷的
3、Are we really so lost to all ideals of unlfishness that we can sit there indifferently reading the pa
per or a book, saying to ourlves “First come, first rved,” while a grey-haired woman, a mother with a young child or a cripple stands? Yet this is all too often en. 难道我们真的丧失了所有的无私思想，以至于当一位白发苍苍的老太太、一位抱着孩子的母亲或一位伤残者站在旁边时，我们仍然能够如此漫不经心地读着报纸或一本书，同时对自己说“先来，先享受”吗? 然而这却是太常见的景象了。
3.1 indifferently英/in'difərəntli/ 美/in'difərəntli/adv. 冷淡地；漠不关心地；平庸地；相当差地
3.2 cripple英/'krɪp(ə)l/ 美/'krɪpl/n. 跛子；残废vt. 削弱；使跛；使残废adj. 跛的；残废的
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1、Conditions in travel are really very hard on everyone, we know, but hardship is surely no excu. 我们知道，对每个人来讲，旅途中的条件都是很苦的，但是艰苦确实不是理由。
2、Sometimes one wonders what would have been the behaviour of the stout young men in a packed refugee train or
a train on its way to a prison-camp during the War. 有时人们想知道，在一列拥挤的难民车或在战期驶往监狱的火车上，那些强壮的年轻男子会怎样做。
