专题01名词
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
一、单项选择
1.(2021·天津高三一模)We are going to lo anyway, but the ________ of playing is not to win but to participate.
A.honour B.point C.term D.favour
【答案】B
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:不管怎样,我们最后都会输,但比赛的目的不是为了赢而是为了参与。A. honour荣誉;B. point目的、重点;C. term术语;D. favour赞同。由下文的“not to win but to participate”可知此处指的是“比赛的目的(point)”。故选B项。
2.(2021·山东高三一模)We have many animals on the farm, including three____________ and six____________ .
A.sheeps; chickens B.sheeps; chicken
C.sheep; chickens D.sheep; chicken
【答案】C
【详解】
考查名词单复数。句意:我们农场上有很多动物,其中包括三只羊和六只鸡。sheep意为“羊”,单复数同形;chicken含义为“小鸡,鸡肉”,作“小鸡”讲时为可教名词;作“鸡肉”讲时为不可数名词。根据animals可知这里指的是动物。故选C项。
3.(2021·天津红桥区·高三一模)—Do you think I should wear a hat to the party?
—It all depends on your own________.
A.personality B.preference C.convenience D.lection
【答案】B
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:——你觉得我应该戴帽子去派对吗?——这完全取决于你自己的喜好。A.personality个性; B.preference 偏爱;喜爱;C.convenience方便; D.lection选择。根据句意,此处指的是根据个人的偏爱。故选B。
4.(2021·天津高三一模)We are deeply impresd by his ________ to teaching.
A.consideration B.celebration C.devotion D.description
【答案】C
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他对教学的奉献精神给我们留下了深刻的印象。A. consideration考虑;B. celebration庆祝;C. devotion奉献;D. description描述。根据句意可知,此处为短语,表示“对……的奉献,忠诚”。故选C。
5.(2021·天津河东区·高三二模)You'd better pay your loan on time, as late payments may affect your ________ .
A.condition B.credit C.income D.status
【答案】B
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:你最好按时还贷,因为逾期还款可能影响你的信誉。condition状况;credit信誉;income收入;status地位。根据常识可知,逾期还款影响信誉。故选B。
6.(2021·天津南开中学高三二模)The stronger the________ is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whether he has an interest in it.
A.motivation B.ambition C.effect D.imagination
【答案】A
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:动力越强,一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说,这取决于他是否对此感兴趣。根据“ he has an interest in it”可知,动力越强,一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。故选A项。
7.(2021·天津耀华滨海学校高三三模)Thanksgiving Day offers us an opportunity to express ________ to our family, friends and even strangers.
A.satisfaction B.appreciation C.reputation D.cooperation
【答案】B
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意感恩节让我们有机会向家人、朋友,甚至是陌生人表达感激之情。A. satisfaction满足,满意;B. appreciation感激,欣赏;C. reputation名声;D. cooperation合作。根据句意和常识可知,感恩节的主题就是向他人表达感激之情。故选B项。
8.(2021·北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模)In all aspects of the society, there are many heroes dedicated to their work. So they should get the ________ they derves.
A.award B.ceremony C.price D.credit
【答案】D
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在社会的各个方面,都有许多英雄献身于他们的工作。所以他们应该得到他们应得的荣誉。A.award奖; B.ceremony仪式; C.price价格; D.credit荣誉。根据“ there are many heroes dedicated to their work. ”可知,英雄们应该得到他们应得的荣誉。故选D项。
9.(2021·山东高考真题)Mr. Green is a good ________. He is kind to his workers.
A.employ B.employee C.employer D.employment
【答案】C
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:格林先生是个好雇主。他对工人很好。A. employ雇用,既可以用作动词也可以用作名词;B. employee雇员,职工; C. employer老板; D. employment雇用,职业。根据空后“He is kind to his workers.”可知,空处需用名词employer,表示格林先生是好雇主,对工人好。故选C。
10.(2021·天津高三二模)The failure was a big __________ to him, but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
A.blow B.issue C.excu D.factor
【答案】A
【详解】
考查名词辨析: 意思:这个失败对他来说是一个打击,但是他没有泄气,很快振作恢复了原
来的热情。 A. blow打击; B. issue问题; C. excu借口; D. factor要素。根据“but he wasn’t discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.”可知,blow“打击”符合句意。故选A
11.(2021·天津高三一模)Under no ________ should pasngers leave the underground platform and get on the tracks.
A.circumstances B.situations C.occasions D.cas
【答案】A
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意:在任何情况下,乘客都不应离开地下站台上轨道。under no circumstance为固定搭配,意为“在任何情况下”。结合句意,故选A项。
12.(2021·天津市实验中学滨海学校高三其他模拟)He gave him a new name to hide his _______ when he went to carry out the cret task.
A.emotion B.talent C.identity D.devotion
【答案】C
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:当他去执行秘密任务时,他给了他一个新名字来隐藏他的身份。A. emotion情感;B. talent才能;C. identity身份;D. devotion奉献。结合上文He gave him a new name to hide his可知给新名字是为了隐藏身份的。故选C。
13.(2021·天津南开区·高三零模)Some countries are increasing their u of natural gas, and other forms of .
A.source B.energy C.power D.material
【答案】B
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:一些国家正在增加使用天然气和其他形式的能源。A. source(信息)来源;B. energy能源;C. power力量,权力;D. material材料。根据句意和句中“
natural gas”可知,天然气是一种“能源”,因此句中指的是其他形式的“能源”,energy意为“能源”,名词词性,符合句意。故选B项。
14.(2021·天津高三一模)What was Jeff's ____ to the news that he was chon to be chairman of the students' union?
A.reaction B.impression C.permission D.conclusion
【答案】A
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意:杰夫得到被选为学生会主席的消息时是什么反应? A. reaction反应;B. impression印象;C. permission许可;D. conclusion结论。固定短语:react to“作出反应”,此处Jeff's 是名词所有格,修饰名词。故选A。