►专题06 完形填空记叙文应对策略
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【题型特点】
完形填空考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况。要求考生通读全文，掌握文章大意，运用词汇、语法等知识，选择最佳答案，使文章意思通顺，结构完整。记叙型完形填空是高考和备考的重点。研读记叙型完形填空，可看出以下趋势：
a. 首句完整，线索清楚。
一般作者在第一句话就交代了人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结果。
b. 叙述灵活，侧重语境。
文章以叙述为主，人物间对话较少，绝大部分篇章是作者在描述事件，较少加入作者的观点或评论。因此，常出现态度与观点的跳跃变换，或语气上差异。这增加了情景的迷惑性，从而突出了对语境的依赖，实现了在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境，辨析词语，作出选择。
c. 实词为主，虚词为辅。
高考记叙型完形填空，篇章不长，一般在200～260个词左右，始终紧扣话题中心，形成一个主题连续体。选项一般为同一词类或同一范畴。重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词、连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。
【应对策略】
a. 重视首句，开篇明义。
从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空首句一般不设题。这为我们理解文章的内在联系提供了一个“窗口”，它的句意往往为全文提供中心信息。所以应充分重视首句的指示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，据此拓展思维，争取开局胜利。
b. 利用语境，揣摩心态。
高考完形填空题逐渐摒弃语法分析，朝着深层化和语境化的方面挖掘，因此考生只有借助上下文乃至全文语境启示或限定，揣摩作者的心情，以及他对各个角色、各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，除了对关联用语的把握外，还要把握语气、动作等的描写。
c. 理清线索，把握方向。
记叙文一般按事件发展顺序叙述，有时用倒叙。答题时，通过理清人物间的关系，把握人物各自所做的事情，从而把握细节，找准作者的记叙方向，正确理解文章。
_____
2022年新高考全国I卷
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we ___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.
That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a clo eye on him. It ___46___ — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___49___ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to _____50_____ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No _____51_____. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there _____52_____, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were _____53_____.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a n of _____54_____, wondering what camping fun and _____55_____ we will experience next.
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
43. A. annoyed B. surprid C. disappointed D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind B. noi C. temperature D. speed
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
2022年新高考全国II卷
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it ___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___22___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___23___ .
They’re part of a new form of the ___24___ economy: an online group of hou sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in ___25___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___26___ .
It’s not all sighteing. The two travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___28___ . But hou sitting also offe
rs a level of ___29___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____30____ at a friend’s hou,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high ____31____ rate in getting accepted as hou sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s ____32____ . For Jessica, that means ____33____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the hou ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next hou. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right ____35____ ,” she says.
