1. He grew to maturity in an American tradition that was older than he was, according to which such virtues as thrift and industry were not enough to bring a man success
He grew to maturity in an American tradition // that was older than he was, // according to which such virtues as thrift and industry were not enough to bring a man success;
【解析】 本题考点是多重复合句的翻译。本句是一个复杂复合句，句子的主干为“…, He grew to maturity in an American tradition…”，后面that引导的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句都是用来修饰前面的tradition。
【词汇】词汇释义：maturity：成熟。Industry在这里是“勤奋，勤劳”的意思，而非“工业，行业”
可接受的翻译 | 不可接受的翻译 |
Indusrty：勤奋，勤劳 | Indusrty：工业，行业 |
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【译文】他在这样一个美国传统中成熟起来，这个传统比他老，据此这些诸如节俭和勤奋的美德不足以带给一个人成功。
翻译实例：
2. Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love of country and a devotion to a democratic point of view in which the rights and liberties of his fellow men were guaranteed and protected.
3. Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love of country // and a devotion to a democratic point of view // in which the rights and liberties of his fellow men were guaranteed and protected.
【解析】 本题考点是多重复合句的翻译。本句是一个复合句，句子的主干为“Being an American meant for Franklin a passionate love… and a devotion…”，which 引导的定语从句修饰前面的democratic point of view。
【词汇】词汇释义：Passionate love：热爱。Devotion：奉献，忠诚。Rights指的是“权利”。
可接受的翻译 | 不可接受的翻译 |
a devotion to a democratic point of view：一种对民主观点的忠诚 | a devotion to a democratic point of view：一种对民主观点的致力 |
the rights and liberties of his fellow men：他的同胞的权利和自由 | the rights and liberties of his fellow men：他的同胞的正确和自由 |
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【译文】对于富兰克林来说，做一个美国人意味着对国家的热爱和对一种民主观点的忠诚，在这种观点里，他的同胞的权利和自由得以保证，受到保护。
3 . As the successful engineer of ways to make the city he loved cleaner, safer and more attractive he continually sponsored new institutions that were proof that the applications of reason to experience were fruitful in the real world.
As the successful engineer of ways to make the city he loved cleaner, safer and more attractive // he continually sponsored new institutions // that were proof that the applications of reason to experience were fruitful in the real world.
【解析】 本题考点是多重复合句的翻译。本句是一个复杂复合句。句首是由as引导的一个方式状语，其中不定式做定语修饰前面的ways，句子的基本结构是he continually sponsored new institutions，第一个that引导的定语从句修饰前面的institutions，而其中又包含一个that引导的同位语从句，解释说明前面的proof。本英语句子结构复杂，因此翻译成汉语时需要将意群拆开，并且要进行词性的转化。
【词汇】词汇释义：句子中sponsor是“赞助、提供、支持”的意思。Reason在这里并不是“理由，原因”的意思，而是与经验相对的“思考，思辨”等意思。
可接受的翻译 | 不可接受的翻译 |
the applications of reason to experience：将思辨应用到体验中 | the applications of reason to experience：将原因应用到体验中 |
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【译文】作为一个成功的工程师，他用各种方式使自己热爱的城市更洁净，更安全，更吸引人。他不懈地支持新的机构，这些机构都证明了，将思辨应用到体验中在现实世界是富有成果的。
例5：作为成功的工程师，方法让他爱的城市变得更干净、安全、吸引人。他不断地创立新机构，这些证据是把原因应用到体验， 在现实世界中都是水果。(0分\
4. "Human bliss," obrved Franklin,” is produced not so much by great pieces of good fortune that ldom happen, as by little advantages that occur every day."
5. "Human bliss," obrved Franklin,// "is produced not so much by great pieces of good fortune that ldom happen, // as by little advantages that occur every day."
【解析】 本题考点是词组的翻译。 not so much A as B的意思是“与其说A不如说B”，by表示方式。第一个that引导的定语从句修饰前面的fortune，后一个that引导的定语从句修饰前面的advantages。
【词汇】词汇释义：句子中obrve并非“观察”的意思，而是“评论，说”的意思；fortune 是“运气、好运”而非“财富”的意思。
可接受的翻译 | 不可接受的翻译 |
great pieces of good fortune that ldom happen：极少发生的大量的好运 | great pieces of good fortune that ldom happen：极少发生的大量财富 |
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【译文】“人类的福祉，”富兰克林说，“与其说是极少发生的大量的好运所造就，不如说是每天发生的小小的好处所造就。”
5. The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity to work for our ideals step by step, to recognize that the perfect world is never achieved but that we may approach it gradually by a creative attentiveness to each aspect of life around us.
6. The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity to work for our ideals step by step, // to recognize that the perfect world is never achieved // but that we may approach it gradually by a creative attentiveness to each aspect of life around us.
【解析】 本题考点是不定式做定语。 本句主干是The practical idealism of America lies in our capacity，后面两个并列不定式短语to work for和to recognize做定语修饰capacity。Recognize后that…but that引导两个并列的宾语从句。approach it中的it指的是前面的the perfect world。
【词汇】词汇释义：idealism在这里指的是“理想主义”，而ideals在这里指的是具体的“理想”。Step by step是“逐步的”在此引申为“按部就班的”。a creative attentiveness指的是“对事情的有创意的关注”。
可接受的翻译 | 不可接受的翻译 |
The practical idealism of America：美国的实用理想主义，或美国的实用主义理想 | The practical idealism of America：美国现实的理想 |
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【译文】美国的实用主义理想在于我们按部就班为理想而奋斗的能力，也在于能够意识到完美世界永远无法实现，而只能以一种对我们周围生活每一方面富有创意的关注来慢慢接近于它。
例5：美国现实的理想处于我们的能力，一步步为理想而工作，辨认出完美世界从未实现过，但是我们用逐渐的方式，通过创造我们的周围生活。(0分)
