Unit6
Lecture 1 Critical thinking
1.What is synthesis?
The act of combining parate things into a coherent whole.
2.What is necessary to synthesize?
Synthesis is necessary to evaluate, compare, or explain relationships between veral texts.
3.When you read about a topic, what is significant for you to synthesize the texts about this topic? Searching for the flaws, weakness, or limitations and any potential links between various sources.
4.When synthesizing existing literature, what is your aim and what are you expected to do?
To provide an overview of the current state of knowledge about the rearch topic.
To critically evaluate this bank of information, to identify themes and gaps and then synthesize this to provide the reader with a better understanding of the topic.
Lecture 2 Reading
5.What are the two types of synthesis essay? And what are their goals?
○1Explanatory synthesis essay: mainly aims to convey information about a topic in order to help the reader understand that topic
○2Argumentative synthesis essay: is not to explain, but to argue
6.What is the difference between summery and synthesis?
A summary is a recap or restatement of the important information of the source. The ideas, information and arguments of each source are stated in a conci manner.
A synthesis on the other hand goes beyond a mere summary by critically evaluating the information. It should include a critical analysis of the relationship between different sources and it should relate to the sources to the author’s own rearch.
7.What are effective methods of developing synthesis?
○1the elementary synthesizing: proceed from a summary of the most relevant sources
○2TWO REASONS approach: first of all, state your thesis, and then offer one or more reasons
Lecture 3 Listening
8.How to organize the sources thematically?
○1three ways can be ud collaboratively
○2organize according to different opinions
9.What are the ways of organizing a literature review?
○1organize the sources around ideas, topics, or issues
○2organize sources thematically
○3arrange chronologically or methodologically
Lecture 4 Writing
10.What is concession?
Acknowledging a point made by the opposition before arguing one’s own point of view. Indicates an understanding of exactly what cau the controversy.
Demonstrates maturity in thinking by considering the issue from other perspectives.
11.Plea list some concession words or phras.
although, even though, regardless of, while or despite
12.Plea list some contrasting conjunctions.
but, however or whereas
13.How to construct a concession?
○1precede the thesis statement itlf
○2ensure that readers remember your idea most vividly
○3prepare the reader for the next paragraph, which is likely to begin with a topic ntence that supports the thesis
14.What is a concession-and-rebuttal consisted of?
Concession, rebuttal and support of the claim in the rebuttal.
15.Can you give an example of a concession-and-rebuttal?
Lecture 5 Grammar: concession words and phras
16.What are the adverbs that can show contrast and concession?
converly, alternatively, granted, nonetheless, naturally, notwithstanding, obviously, instead 17.What are the phras that can indicate contrast and concession?
‘even if’, ‘even though’, ‘in contrast’, ‘I concede that’, ‘no doubt’
