完形填空2
（2018·上海高考真题） When 17-year-old Quattro Musr hangs out with friends, they don't drink beer or crui around in cars with their dates. 1 , they stick to G-rated activities such as rock- climbing or talking about books.
They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been en as rites of passage into 2 . The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U. S. who have a driver's licen, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous (急剧的) 3 in the past decade. The declines appeared across race, geographic, and socioeconomic lines, and in rural, urban, and suburban areas.
To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in the activities, but the 4 have slimmed considerably. Teens have also reported a steady decline in xual activity in recent decades, as the portion of high school students who have had x fell from 54 percent in 19
91 to 41 percent in 2015, according to Centers for Dia Control statistics. u People say, 'Oh, it's becau teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring, ' but they're 5 the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on ven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less 6 in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs becau in today's society, they no longer need to.
According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's "life strategy" slows down or speeds up depending on his or her 7 , exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and cure environment has the 8 effect, the study said. In the first 9 , "You'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more 10 and fewer resources, " said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of "iGen： Why Today's Super- Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy-and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood."
In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more 11 about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important for “ establishing mate value bad on procurement of resources," the study said. But America is shifting more toward the 12 model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. uEven in families who parents didn't have a college education. . . families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully 13 has really sunk in. ‘‘ The 14 of 41 adult activities'' could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurriculars as they did in the 1990 s (with the exception of community rvice, which has rin slightly). Nor could the u of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the 15 , the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. If the delay is to make room for creative exploration and forming better social and emotional connections, it is a good thing, he said.
1．A．Therefore B．Rather C．Moreover D．Besides
2．A．childhood B．neighborhood C．adolescents D．adulthood
3．A．escapes B．ends C．decreas D．changes
4．A．minorities B．majorities C．mass D．amounts
5．A．taking B．avoiding C．nding D．missing
6．A．interested B．envied C．relieved D．realized
7．A．emotions B．surroundings C．customs D．habits
8．A．wrong B．same C．opposite D．similar
9．A．event B．issue C．ca D．occasion
10．A．trouble B．questions C．benefits D．dias
11．A．respectively B．delicately C．riously D．considerably
12．A．slower B．better C．smaller D．faster
13．A．emphasized B．related C．organized D．educated
14．A．implement B．postponement C．achievement D．payment
15．A．cau B．impact C．fact D．result
（2018·江苏高考真题） Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been 16 to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters wor, Moth was diagnod（诊断）with a 17 dia. There was no 18 , only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a 19 journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 20 recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the 21 low by living on boiled noodles, with the 22 hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is 23 in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up 24 and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 25 than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor 26 all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 27 , found his symptoms were strangely 28 by their daily tiring journey.
29 , the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had 30 forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes 31 to a thread, but we were alive."
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, " 32 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) 33 written book. It had also given me a 34 , either to leave that page 35 or to keep writing the story with hope. I cho hope.”
16．A．drawn up B．ud up C．backed up D．kept up
17．A．mild B．common C．preventable D．rious
18．A．cure B．luck C．care D．promi
19．A．business B．walking C．bus D．rail
20．A．expected B．frightening C．disappointing D．surprising
21．A．budget B．revenue C．compensation D．allowance
22．A．frequent B．occasional C．abundant D．constant
23．A．unpopular B．lawful C．attractive D．illegal
24．A．soon B．early C．late D．slowly
25．A．harder B．easier C．cheaper D．funnier
26．A．rolled B．bled C．ached D．trembled
27．A．struggle B．progress C．excitement D．rearch
