2022届英语语法精讲精练微专题（动词不定式）
考点清单一、不定式作主语
要点精讲：1.不定式作主语表具体行为，表特指(对比：动名词作主语表泛指，是抽象行为) 2.不定式作主语三情况：直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-to do短语作主语(谓语用单数)。3.常考句型It is+ adj. +of / for sb to do sth 结构；It takes sb. time to do sth.等。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. It took years of work _____________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.
2. It’s important for the figures _____________(update) regularly.
3. When and where to start the programs ____________(remain) unknown.
【答案与解析】
1. to reduce。It takes sb. time to do sth.是常用句型，不定式短语作真正主语。故答案是to reduce。
2. to be updated。定期更新数据很重要，数据是被更新的，故答案是to be updated。
3. remains。wh-to do短语作主语，谓语用单数。故答案是remains。
考点清单二、不定式作宾语
要点精讲1：只接to do作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的--manage, expect, choo, afford/ agree/ attempt, refu, fail, intend, plan/pretend/promi, em, decide/desire/determine
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
4. They failed _____________(grasp) the importance of his words.
5. She never emed ________(care) what the rest of us thought about her.
【答案与解析】
4. to grasp。fail to do未能做某事。故答案是to grasp。
5. to care。em to do好像做某事。故答案是to care。
要点精讲2：接to do/doing意义不同的动词：妙记--frogshmt青蛙聪明--forget, remember/regret, go on, stop, can’t help, mean, try。该考点非常重要，必须重视。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. If you think that treating a woman well means always ________(get) her permission for things, think again.
7. --Look! The window is open. --I’m sorry. I forgot ____________ (clo) it.
8. I remembered _________(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
9. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _________(live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
【答案与解析】
6. getting。这里应用mean doing表示“意味着”。故答案是getting。
7. to clo。这里应用forget to do表示“忘记做某事”，强调未做，故答案是to clo。
8. to lock。remember to do表示“记住去做某事”，和后面“忘记去关灯”呼应，故答案是to lock。
9. living。try doing强调“尝试着做了某事”，符合语境要求，故答案是living。
考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语
要点精讲1：e类动词(不定式作宾补省to):巧记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉--notice, let, make, hear, listen to, e, obrve, watch, have, feel。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
10. With the world changing fast, we have something new (deal) with by ourlves every day.
【答案与解析】
10. to deal。本句不是have sb do sth句式，而是have sth to do 表示“有某事要做”，不定式短语作定语，故答案是to deal。
要点精讲2：warn类动词(只接to do后作宾补) warn, tell, ask, persuade, expect等。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. Pasngers are permitted ___________(carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
12. Energy drinks are not allowed ____________(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.
【答案与解析】
11. to carry。permit sb to do sth允许某人做事，故答案是to carry。
12. to make。allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事，故答案是to make。
要点精讲3：用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
13. With a lot of difficult problems ___________(solve), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
14. I nd you 100 dollars today, the rest __________(follow) in a year.
【答案与解析】
13. to solve。with sth to do是with复合宾语结构，不定式强调将要发生的动作，故答案是to solve。
14. to follow。本句是省略with后构成的“名词/代词+不定式” 构成独立主格结构。故答案是to follow。
要点精讲4：be said类动词：be said/believed/reported/known to do类句型，可以转化
为It is said that…
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
15. Robert is said _____________(study) abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in.
16. Police are arching for a woman who is reported to _____________(miss) since the flood hit the area.
【答案与解析】
15. to have studied。be said to do表示“据说做某事”；what country he studied in暗示该动作已结束，故答案是to have studied。
16. have been missing。since the flood hit the area暗示应用不定式完成式；结合语境又是一种“失踪”状态，故答案是have been missing。
考点清单四、不定式作定语
要点精讲1：不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。不定式与名词之间是主谓关系或动宾关系。若不定式是不及物动词，后边应加上适当的介词。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
17. The meeting___________(hold)now/_______(hold)yesterday/_________(hold)tomorrow is very important.
18. The airport _____________(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
19. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the boy, saying that he was not the one (blame).
【答案与解析】
17. being; held; to be held。现在分词作定语，表示一个正在进行的动作；过去分词短语作
定语表示一个被动的、已发生动作。不定式作定语则多表示一个将要发生的动作。故答案是being; held; to be held。
18. to be completed。不定式作定语则多表示一个将要发生的动作；结合语境应用被动形式，故答案是to be completed。
19. to blame。(be) to blame表示“该受到责备”，主动形式表示被动意义，故答案是to blame。
