COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT 本钱、保险费加运费
CIF (inrt named port of destination) Incoterms 202X 本钱、保险费加运费〔…指定目的港〕
GUIDANCE NOTE 序言
This rule is to be ud only for a or inland waterway transport. “Cost, Insurance and Freight〞 means that the ller delivers the goods on board the vesl or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods pass when the goods are on board the vesl. The ller must contract for and pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination. The ller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The buyer should note that under CIF the ller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover. Should the buyer wish to have more insurance protection, it will need either to agree as much expressly with the ller or to make its own extra insurance arrangements. When CPT, CIP, CFR, or CIF are ud, the ller fulfils its obligation to deliv
er when it hands the goods over to the carrier in the manner specified in the chon rule and not when the goods reach the place of destination. This rule has two critical points, becau risk pass and costs are transferred at different places. While the contract will always specify a destination port, it might not specify the port of shipment, which is where risk pass to the buyer. If the shipment port is of particular interest to the buyer, the parties are well advid to identify it as precily as possible in the contract. The parties are well advid to identify as precily as possible the point at the agreed port of destination, as the costs to that point are for the account of the ller. The ller is advid to procure contracts of carriage that match this choice precily. If the ller incurs costs under its contract of carriage related to unloading at the specified point at the port of destination, the ller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwi agreed between the parties. The ller is required either to deliver the goods on board the vesl or to procure goods already so delivered for shipment to the destination.In addition the ller is required either to make a contract of carriage or to procure such a contract. The reference to “procure〞 here caters for multiple sales down
a chain (‘string sales’), particularly common in the commodity trades. CIF may not be appropriate where goods are handed over to the carrier before they are on board the vesl, for example goods in containers, which are typically delivered at a terminal. In such circumstances, the CIP rule should be ud. CIF requires the ller to clear the goods for export, where applicable. However, the ller has no obligation to clear the goods for import, pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。“Cost, Insurance and Freight〞是指当卖方将货物运至船上或取得已按此送交的货物，即完成交货。当货物已运至船上时，货物灭失或损坏的风险发生转移。卖方还必须订立货物运至指定目的港的合约并支付本钱和运费。卖方还必须办理买方货物在运输途中灭失或损坏风险的保险。买方应该注意CIF术语只要求卖方投保最低限度的保险险别。如买方需要更高的保险险别，则需要与卖方明确地达成协议，或者自行作出额外的保险安排。当使用CPT, CIP, CFR 或 CIF等术语时，卖方承当其将货物按照所选规则指定的方法交付承运人前全部风险和费用，而当货物运至指定目的地后，由买方承当一切风险和费用。此术语有两个关键点，因为风险转移和费用在不同的地方转移。合约中通常会指定目的港，但可能并未指定风险转移至买方的装运港。如果装运港与买方
有特定利益，则当事人应尽可能精准地在合约中确定。当事人应尽可能精准地指定约定目的港中的具体交货地点，因为货物运送至该地点所需费用由卖方负担。建议卖方订立与上述决定适宜的运输合约。除当事人事先另有约定外，如果卖方依据其运输合约负担了有关货物在指定目的港卸载的费用，其无权要求买方归还相关费用。卖方必须将货物运到船上或取得已按此送交打算发运的货物。此外，卖方必须订立运输合约或取得这样的合约。这里的“取得〞合适于多层次链条式销售〔线性销售〕，在商品销售中尤为普遍。CIF不适用于货物在装船之前移交给承运人的情况，比方集装箱内的货物通常在目的地交付。在这种情况下，应使用CIP术语。在需要办理清关手续时，CIF要求卖方应负责货物的出口清关。然而，卖方并没有义务办理货物进口清关、负担任何进口关税或办理任何进口海关手续。
A THE SELLER’ OBLIGATIONS 卖方义务
A1 General obligations of the ller 卖方根本义务
The ller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice in conformity with the contract of sale and any other evidence of conformity that may be required by the contract. Any document referred to in A1-A10 may be an equivalent electronic record or p
rocedure if agreed between the parties or customary.
卖方必须提供符合销售合约规定的货物和商业发票以及按照合约约定必需的有同等作用的其他任何凭证。以及经当事人同意或依据交易习惯在A1-A10中提到的任何有同等作用的电子记录或程序的凭证。
A2 Licences, authorizations, curity clearances and other formalities
许可，授权，平安许可和其他正式手续
Where applicable, the ller must obtain, at its own risk and expen, any export licence or other official authorization and carry out all customs formalities necessary for the export of the goods.
在需要办理清关手续时，卖方必须承当风险和费用获得任何出口许可或其他官方授权，办理货物出口所需的一切海关手续。
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance 运输合约和保险合约
a) Contract of carriage 运输合约
The ller must contract or procure a contract for the carriage of the goods from the agreed point of delivery, if any, at the place of delivery to the named port of destination or, if agreed, any point at that port. The contract of carriage must be made on usual terms at the ller’s expen and provide for carriage by the usual route in a vesl of the type normally ud for the transport of the type of goods sold.
卖方必须自付费用，按照通常条件订立运输合约，自约定交货地点，经由惯常航线，将货物用通常可供运输合约所指货物类型的海轮运至指定目的港。
b) Contract of insurance保险合约
The ller must obtain, at its own expen, cargo insurance complying at least with the minimum cover provided by Claus (C) of the Institute Cargo Claus (LMA/IUA) or any similar claus. The insurance shall be contracted with underwriters or an insurance company of good repute and entitle the buyer, or any other person having an insurable int
erest in the goods, to claim directly from the insurer. When required by the buyer, the ller shall, subject to the buyer providing any necessary information requested by the ller, provide at the buyer’s expen any additional cover, if procurable, such as cover as provided by Claus (A) or (B) of the Institute Cargo Claus (LMA/IUA) or any similar claus and/or cover complying with the Institute War Claus and/or Institute Strikes Claus (LMA/IUA) or any similar claus. The insurance shall cover, at a minimum, the price provided in the contract plus 10% (i.e., 110%) and shall be in the currency of the contract. The insurance shall cover the goods from the point of delivery t out in A4 and A5 to at least the named port of destination. The ller must provide the buyer with the insurance policy or other evidence of insurance cover. Moreover, the ller must provide the buyer, at the buyer’s request, risk, and expen (if any), with information that the buyer needs to procure any additional insurance.
卖方必须按照英国伦敦保险业协会货物保险条款〔LMA/IUA〕的C条款或其他类似条款之规定，自付费用取得最低限度保险险别的货物保险。该保险应与信誉良好的保险商或保险公司订立合约，以使买方或任何其他对货物具有保险利益的人有权直接向保险人索赔。如
果可以完成的话，依据协会货物保险条款〔LMA/IUA〕A条款或B条款或其他相似条款和/或依据协会战争保险条款和/或协会罢工保险条款〔LMA/IUA〕或其他相似的条款，应买方要求并由其承当费用，由买方向卖方提供所需的任何信息，卖方应该提供额外的保险。最低保险金额应包含合约规定价款另加10%〔即110%〕，并应采纳合约货币。保险期限应按照A4或A5规定自发货地点起至少到指定的目的港。卖方必须向买方提供保险单或有关保险范围的其他凭证。此外，应买方要求并由其承当费用和风险〔如果有的话〕，卖方必须向买方提供使其获得额外保险所需的信息。
A4 Delivery交货
The ller must deliver the goods either by placing them on board the vesl or by procuring the goods so delivered. In either ca, the ller must deliver the goods on the agreed date or within the agreed period and in the manner customary at the port.
卖方必须将在约定日期或期限内，按照该港习惯方法将货物运至船上或取得已交运的货物。
A5 Transfer of risks 风险转移
The ller bears all risks of loss of or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A4, with the exception of loss or damage in the circumstances described in B5.
