专题08虚拟语气练习-备战2021高考高中英语语法专项突破训练（解析版）
英语虚拟语气练习
1.But for the belief that things better soon，many people couldn't have survived this difficult time.
A. had got
B. got
C. would get
D. will get
【答案】C
【解析】句意：要不是相信事情不久会好转，很多人无法存活于这磨难的时间。考查虚拟语气。But for“要不是”，句子用虚拟语气，用过去将来时态，故答案为：C。
【总结】考查虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的运用。
2.—Oh, dear. I'm really very busy now.
— Would you rather that I to you about my experience at school? A. shouldn't speak B. didn't speak
C. don't speak
D. won't speak
【答案】B
【解析】句意：—哦,亲爱的。我现在真的很忙。—你宁愿我不告诉你我在学校的经历吗?考查固定句式。其固定句式：would rather that 主语+一般过去时态+---（指现在或将来的情况）；would rather that 主语+过去完成时态（指过去的事情）。故答案为：B。
【总结】考查固定句式中时态的用法。
3.The steak in the restaurant was terrible. How I wish I rice!
A. would order
B. ordered
C. order
D. had ordered
【答案】D
【解析】句意：这家餐馆里的牛排糟透了，我多么希望我点的是米饭啊！考查虚拟语气。根据“The steak in the restaurant was terrible.”判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以应该用had+ 过去分词的形
式，故答案为：D。
【总结】考查wish宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法。
4.As many as 150 people died in the explosion. If only the owners ____ enough attention to the safety measures!
A. paid
B. should pay
C. would pay
D. had paid
【答案】D
【解析】句意：多达150人在爆炸中丧生。要是业主对安全措施给予足够的重视就好了！根据句意可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故选D。
【总结】考查虚拟语气，本踢涉及与过去事实相反的情况。5.—Your head teacher is really a thoughtful man.
—Exactly. If the______, he ______ me in today's class before all my classmates.
A. isn't; would punish
B. wasn't; would punish
C. hadn't; would have punished
D. weren't; would have punished
【答案】D
【解析】句意：—你的班主任真是个有思想的人。—完全正确。如果他不是，他就会在今天的课上当着所有同学面前惩罚我。此处是if 引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，故答案选D。
【总结】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及与过去的事实相反。
6.The villagers are extremely grateful to the workers, without who help the road to the village______.
A. can't be built
B. mustn't be built
C. couldn't have been built
D. mustn't have been built
【答案】C
【解析】句意：村民们非常感谢工人们，没有他们的帮助，这条通往村庄的道路就不可能被建成。此处without who引导的定语从句中用虚拟语气，相当于if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，且定语从句的主语the road和build之间是被动关系，故选C。
【总结】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及与过去的事实相反。
7.If she _______ make such a simple wish as not to be tead for disability last Christmas, Amy would still feel lonely now.
A. had dared not
B. hadn't dared to
C. dared not
D. didn't dare to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：如果去年圣诞节Amy没有勇气许下这样一个简单的愿望——不要因为残疾而被嘲笑，她现在仍然会感到孤独。根据“last Christmas”判断此处是与过去事实相反的一种假设，应该用过去完成时，故B项正确。
【总结】考查条件从句中虚拟语气的用法。
8.I am struggling to polish up my English now. If only I _______ hard in nior one!
A. study
B. studied
C. had studied
D. should study
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我正在努力提高我的英语水平。要是我在高一时努力学习就好了！根据“我正在努力提高我的英语水平。”可推测下一句“要是我在高一时努力学习就好了！”。可知，高一（以前）是没有努力，与过去事实相反的，if only“倘若…..就好了”虚拟语气可用过去完成时。分析选项可知C符合题意，故答案选C。
【总结】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及对过去情况的假设。9.—You came cond in the running race. Congratulations! —Thanks. But practising more, I _______ a different result.
A. might get
B. may get
C. may have got
D. might have got
【答案】D
【解析】句意：—祝贺你在赛跑中名列第二！—谢谢。但是如果多练习的话，我可能会得到不同的结果。可知，此处是指我（过去）多练习的话，结果就会不同。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，要用情态动词+have done，因此本句要用might have got。故选D。
【总结】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及“情态动词+have done”的应用。
10.—It was really tiring for me to stand in the queue for two hours to get the G- train ticket.
—You ____. You could have got one online.
A. needn't
B. needn't have
C. didn't need to
D. didn't need to have
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我排了两个小时才得到G-火车票，真的很累。——你本没有必要这样做。你本来可以在网上买的。A. needn't “没必要”；B. needn't have（done）“过去没有必要做而做了”。C. didn't need to“过去没必要”；D. didn't need to have“是错误的，没有这样的表达”。根据后一句“你本来可以在网上订的”可知，本来没有必要排队买票的。B. needn't have（done）你本没必要=needn't have stood in the queue for two hours to get the G-train ticket.符合题意，故选B。
【总结】考查情态动词，本题涉及虚拟语气的省略。
11.All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
