11 社会现象
一．真题自测（测词仿句）
Passage1
1.真题再现
【2020·天津卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant 16 - -loneliness is a rious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 17 in a clever way. The 18 ? Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 19 . The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 20 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about “f 31,000 . Jones was 21 when she said that she didn’t actually 22 being cheated. “Otherwi, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 23 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 24 to do something about it. He 25 the police department to allow him to 26 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 27 :”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 28 conversations.
The idea is catching on 29 There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n) 30 outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully 31 -the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 32 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
This effort is not just a(n) 33 at being community minded- -it’s also a 34 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 35 tho of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.
16．A．choice B．discovery C．visit D．promi
17．A．experienced B．suffered C．prevented D．felt
18．A．solution B．puzzle C．excu D．intention
19．A．pleasure B．prize C．credit D．money
20．A．eventually B．frequently C．previously D．occasionally
21．A．ashamed B．shocked C．excited D．amud
22．A．mind B．forgive C．risk D．enjoy
23．A．active B．lonely C．cautious D．stubborn
24．A．learned B．refud C．pretended D．decided
25．A．forced B．ordered C．convinced D．taught
26．A．put away B．make out C．tear apart D．t up
27．A．read B．claimed C．meant D．implied
28．A．formal B．joyful C．awkward D．crazy
29．A．randomly B．slowly C．quickly D．purpofully
30．A．positive B．disappointing C．correct D．embarrassing
31．A．realized B．examined C．discusd D．formed
32．A．break down B．put up C．keep off D．take out
33．A．glance B．attempt C．knock D．attack
34．A．heart-breaking B．risk-taking C．face-saving D．crime-cutting
35．A．forbids B．appoints C．encourages D．troubles
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置”聊天长椅”，帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。”聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。
16．B考查名词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. choice选择；B. discov
ery发现；C. visit参观；D. promi许诺。下文loneliness is a rious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes说孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重大的发现。故选B。
17．C考查动词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced经历；B. suffered遭受；C. prevented阻止；D. felt 感觉。根据下文Chat benches.可知对于这一社会问题，有阻止的方法。故选C。
18．A考查名词词义辨析。句意:解决方案？长椅上聊天。A. solution解决方案；B. puzzle谜；C. excu借口；D. intention目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问”解决方案是什么”。故选A。
19．D考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure快乐；B. prize奖品；C. credit信用； D. money钱。根据下文and then she lent him about £31,000可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。
20．A考查副词词义辨析。句意:这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友，然后她就借给了他大约31万英镑。A. eventually 最后；B. frequently频繁地；C. previously先前；D. occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约31万英镑，由此可知，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友。故选A。
21．B考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. excited兴奋的；D. amud愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。
22．A考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. mind介意；B. forgive原谅；C. risk冒险；D. enjoy享受。根据下文老妇人说的话 “Otherwi, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。
23．B考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人，他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active积极的；B. lonely孤独的；C. cautious小心的；
D. stubborn顽固的。上文老妇人说:“否则，我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”，结合下文，琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”可知在他的社区中，有太多极度孤独的人。故选B。
