常见英语语法错误
常见英语语法错误
1．句⼦成分残缺不全
We always working till late at night before taking exams.（误）
We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams（正）We should read books may be uful to us. （误）
We should read books which may be uful to us. （正）
2．句⼦成分多余
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. （误）
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. （正）
The driver of the red car was died on the spot. （误）
The driver of the red car died on the spot. （正）
3．主谓不⼀致
Someone/Somebody think that reading should be lective. （误）
Some think that reading should be lective. （正）
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. （误）
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. （正）
4．动词时态、语态的误⽤
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. （误）
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. （正）
We have little time to read some books which we interest. （误）
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. （正）
I am a student who has studying in the college for two years. （误）
I have been studying in the college for two years（正）
5．词类混淆
It is my point that reading must be lectively. （误）
In my opinion, reading must be lective. （正）
Honest is so important for everyperson. （误）
Honesty is so important for everyone. （正）
The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. （误）
The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. （正）
6．名词可数与不可数的误⽤
Too much tests are disadvan tage for students’ study. （误）
Too many tests are disadvantageous to students. （正）
In modern society, people are under various pressures（误）
In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure. （正）
7．动词及物与不及物的误⽤
The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. （误）
The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. （正）
Becau of his excellent performance, the boss ro his salary. （误）
Becau of his excellent performance, the boss raid his salary. （正）
8．介词to和不定式符号的混淆
Too many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. （误）
Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking. （正）All the contributed to solve the rious problem. （误）
All the contributed to the solution to the rious problem. （正）
9．情态动词的误⽤
It may not good to our health. （误）
It may be not good to our health. （正）
They should spent much time. （误）
They should spend much time. （正）
10. There be句型的误⽤
There exists some new problems such as being dishonest. （误）
There exist/ari some new problems such as being dishonest. （正）
There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college education. （误）
There are many ways to rai the money for the tuition and fees for college educatio n. （正）
1.动宾搭配不当
We must pay attention to it and make solutions to the problem. （误）
We must pay attention and find a solution to the problem. （正）
It also may help you to make success. （误）
It may also help you succeed/obtain your goal. （正）
2.根据中⽂逐字硬译
If so meone’s family situation is not well, he can apply for loan to bank. （误）
If one’s family is not well off, he can apply to the bank for a loan. （正）
Let alone touch the outside world of campus/keep a good body health（误）
Let alone get in touch with the world outside of the campus/keep fit（正）
上⾯这些错误⽐较典型、集中，请⼤家务必要注意，其他的错误，如单词拼写、⼤⼩写、标点符号的误⽤等，可谓千姿百态，⽆奇不有，在此就不⼀⼀列举。
英语的时态
定义动词以⼀定的词形变化形式来表达事物之动作或状态的时间性者称为时态(Tens e)。
词形变化的形式共有如下四种：
1．⼀般式(Simple Form)
2．进⾏式(Progressive Form)
3．完成式(Perfect Form)
4．完成进⾏式(Perfect Progressive Form)
动作或状态的时间性则可分为如下三个时段：
1．现在(Prent)
2．过去(Past)
3．将来(Future)
这四种词形形式和三个时段可以配合成如下的⼗⼆种动词的时态。
这⼗⼆种时态可以列表如下：
现以“I”为主语，“do”为动词，把这⼗⼆种时态以实例表达如下：（例序即为时态的次序）1．I do it every day.（我每天做这样的事。）
2．I did it yesterday.
（昨天我做了这件事。）
3．I shall/will do it tomorrow.
（明天我要做这件事。）
4．I am doing it now.
（现在我正在做这件事。）
5．I was doing it at that time.
（当时我正在做这件事。）
6．I shall/will be doing it at 9：00 tomorrow morning.
（明天早晨九时我会正在做这件事。）
7．I have done it already.
（我已把这件事做好了。）
8．I have done it before I went home yesterday.
（昨天我在回家之前就把那件⼯作做完了。）
9．I shall/will have done it before you come back tomorrow.
（明天在我回来之前我会把这件⼯作做好。）
10．I have been doing it for two days.
（这件⼯作我已做了两天了。──说话时⼯作尚未做完，所以还得继续做。）
11．I had been doing the work for two hours when the teacher came.
（⽼师来时那件⼯作我已做了两⼩时了。──当时⼯作尚未完成，所以⽼师来了我还继续在做。）
12．I shall/will have been doing it for an hour when you come to e me at 9：00 t omorrow morning.
（明天早上九时你来看我时，我会在做那件⼯作做了⼀⼩时。──当然尚未能做完，还得继续做下去。）
英语中的边缘介词
边缘介词(Marginal Prepositions)指的是那些在语法功能上与介词相似的词。本⽂所要介绍的是那些貌似动词却⾮动词的边缘介词。与⼀般介词不同的是，这类介词的词形较特别：除少数词以动词原形出现以外，⼤多数词为分词形式。由于其独特的词形，加上⼀般语法书上⼜没有给出详尽的⽤法说明及例句，⼈们往往很难将这些词同介词联系在⼀起。事实上，作为⼀种较为特殊的介词，它们同样具有⼀般介词所具有的某些语法功能，在现代英语中的运⽤也并不少见。例如《⼤学英语》第⼀册中有这样的⼀个句⼦“ (i)
h more dignity than I would have thought possible considering his appearance.” 句中的“considering”就是⼀个⼗分常见的边缘介词。对于每个英语学习者来说，了解并掌握⼀些类似的边缘介词是很有必要的。这⾥，我向读者介绍⼀些常见的类似动词的边缘介词。
⼀、形似现在分词的边缘介词
英语中，绝⼤多数类似动词的边缘介词都为现在分词形式，其中最为常见的有以下⼀些：
1.barring(不包括，如果没有)：
Barring special circumstances, the plane will arrive on schedule.
如⽆特殊情况，飞机将准时到达。
We had veral discussions concerning the matter.
关于这事，我们已讨论好⼏次了。
Considering his age, he writes quite well.
以他的年龄来看，他写得相当不错。
每个⼈都帮了⼀把，连约翰也不例外。
5.failing(如果在……中失败，如果没有)：
Failing specific instructions, u your own judgment.
如⽆具体指⽰，请⾃⾏酌办。
6.pending(直到)，此词为正式⽤语。
This matter must wait pending his return from Europe.
这件事要等到他从欧洲回来后再说。
Yesterday, we had a spirited discussion regarding the future of the reform. 昨天，我们就改⾰的前途进⾏了⼀番热烈的讨论。
I'm at a loss respecting his whereabouts.
关于他的下落，我⼀⽆所知。
Touching the ca, I suggest that we should go to ask the litigant.
关于这个案⼦，我建议我们去问问当事⼈。
10.wanting(没有)：
Wanting courage, victory is impossible.
没有勇⽓，就不可能取得胜利。
⼆、形似过去分词及形同动词原形的边缘介词
这类介词为数不多，最常⽤的有以下⼏个：
1.given(考虑到)：
Given the prent conditions, I think she's done rather well.
考虑到⽬前的条件，我认为她做得相当不错了。
Granted (或Granting) that she should come to lend you a hand, it doesn't mean she will.
即使她应该来帮你⼀把，也并不意味着她会这样做。
3.bar(除……之外)：
We'll come on time bar(或barring)traffic delay.
除⾮路上堵车，我们将准时到达。
4.save(除……之外)，此词为正式⽤语。
The screen was all dark save for one bright spot.
除了⼀个光点之外，屏幕上⼀⽚⿊暗。
从以上所给例句中，我们不难看出，这类介词同样具有⼀般介词的语法功能，它们在句中主要⽤作状语或在名词短语之后作后置修饰语。有⼀点需要说明的是，有些以分词形式出现的词，除了有边缘介词的功能以外，还有其他⼀些功能，如连接词的功能，这就⾮本⽂所讨论的范围了。
美语发⾳总结
第⼀章：五⼤发⾳要点！
我们将复杂的（complicated）语⾳规则总结成五⼤发⾳要点，使⼀般⼈都能掌握（master）。
它们是：长元⾳和双元⾳饱满；短元⾳急促有⼒；连⾳；略⾳和咬⾆头。
⼀、长元⾳和双元⾳饱满
⿁⿁祟祟的英⽂就是⿁⿁祟祟（sneaky; lousy）的元⾳造成的！只要把元⾳发饱满（full; plump），你的英语⽴刻会变得悦⽿动听。那些英美流⾏歌⼿就是元⾳饱满的典范！
