篇章阅读理解专项扫雷训练
Part ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section B
Direction: There are 2 passages in this ction, each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage 1
Questions 57 to 61 are bad on the following passage.
While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states — at least in getting people off welfare. It’s estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.
In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the peopl
e who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens Country poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent —twice the national average.
For advocates(代言人)for the poor, that’s an indication much more needs to be done.
“More people are getting jobs, but it’s not making their lives any better,” says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.
A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed houholds were earning money on their own, but that average income for the houholds actually went down.
But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themlves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itlf a huge victory.
“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin(毒素)that was poisoning the family,” says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climates in low-income communities. It’s beginning to rebuild the work ethic(道德观), which is much more important.”
Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can m
ake other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.
57. From the passage, it can be en that the author _______.
A. believes the reform has reduced the government’s burden
B. insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor
C. is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform
D. considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful
58. Why aren’t people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?
A. Becau many families are divorced.
B. Becau government aid is now rare.
C. Becau their wages are low.
D. Becau the cost of living is rising.
59. What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _______.
A. greater efforts should be made to improve people’s living standards
B. 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years
C. 50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare
D. the living standards of most people are going down
60. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _______.
A. saving welfare funds
B. rebuilding the work ethic
C. providing more jobs
D. cutting government expens
61. According to the passage before the welfare reform was carried out, _______.
A. the poverty rate was lower
B. average living standards were higher
C. the average worker was paid higher wages
D. the poor ud to rely on government aid
Passage 2
Questions 62 to 66 are bad on the following passage.
Today, there are many avenues open to tho who wish to continue their education. However, nearly all require some break in one's career in order to attend school full time.
Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the process out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. Additionally, such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact negatively on one’s career and family time.
Of the many approaches to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning. Distance learning is an educational method, which allows the students the flexibility to study at his or her own pace to achieve the academic goals, which are so necessary in today’s world. The time required to study many be t aside at the student’s convenience with due regard to all life’s other requirements. Additionally, the student may enroll in distance learning cours from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chon career. Tutorial assistance may be available via regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet.
Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject evaluation tool with every subject. This precludes the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test. Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the equivalence of the distance-learning cour with the same subject materials as tho students taking the cour on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed. The individuality of the professor/student relationship is another characteristic of a good distance-learning program. In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the individual students but also the corporation or business that wa
nts to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. Sponsoring distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining career-minded people while contributing to their personal and professional growth through education.
62. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of part time education?
A. It requires some break in one's career.
B. It tends to last too long for many people to complete a degree program.
C. It affects one's career.
D .It gives the student less time to share with the family.
63. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of distance learning?
A. The student may choo his or her own pace.
B. The student may study at any time to his or her convenience.
C. They can pursue their chon career while studying.
D. Their tutorial assistance comes through regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, etc.
64. What benefit will distance learning program bring to a business?
A. Recruitment of more talented people.
B. Good image of the business.
C. Better cooperation with universities.
D. Further training of employees and business growth.
65. Good distance learning program have the following characteristic EXCEPT________ .
A. distance learning cour is the same as students taking cours in campus
B. the result diploma or degree should be same as on campus study
C. professor-student relationship is strictly one to one all through the cour
D. includes subject evaluation tool
66. What benefit will distance learning bring to an employee of a business?
A. Professional growth.
B. Good relationship with the employer.
C. Good impression on the employer.
D. Higher salary.
Passage 3
Questions 57 to 61 are bad on the following passage.
More and more, the operations of our business, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purpos can reap substantial rewards. Even wor, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.
It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing, but even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.
Of cour, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other curity procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.
For example, a certain keypunch operator complained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigation revealed that the extra cards she was being asked to punch were for dishonest transactions. In another ca, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off the company that was being robbed.
Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged
but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.
Why? Becau company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misud. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled the most confidential records right under the nos of the company's executives, accountants, and curity staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elwhere.
57. It can be concluded from the passage that ____________.
A. it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today
B. computer crimes are the one of most rious problem in the operation of financial institutions
C. computer criminals can escape punishment becau they can't be detected
D. people commit computer crimes at the request of their company
58. It is implied in the third paragraph that _____________.
A. many more computer crimes go undetected than are discovered
B. the rapid increa of computer crimes is a troublesome problem
C. most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes
D. most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luck
59. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
A. A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.
B. Companies need to impo restrictions on confidential information.
C. Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation.
D. Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes.
60. The underlying reason for the computer criminals to get recommendations he needs is that__.
A. they have skills formidably difficult for others to master
B. the employers are afraid that they would take avenge if punished
C. the employers are much afraid of bringing the public into disbelief towards them through the
criminals words in open court
D. tho who commit crimes do not mean bad
61. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?
A. With bad reputation they can hardly find another job.
B. They will be denied access to confidential records.
C. They may walk away and easily find another job.
D. They must leave the country or go to jail.
Passage 4
Questions 62 to 66 are bad on the following passage.
“Tear’em apart!” “Kill the fool!” “Murder the referee ( 裁判)!”
The are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events. At the time they are made, the
y may em innocent enough. But let’s not kid ourlves. They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed. Volumes have been written about the way word affect us. It has been shown that words having certain connotations（含义）may cau us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior. I e the term “opponent”as one of tho words .Perhaps the time has come to delete it from
sports terms.
The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent” is “adversary”; “enemy”; “one who oppos your interests.” Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy. At such times, winning may dominate one’s intellect, and every action, no matter how gross, may be considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refud a player’s request for a time out for a glove change becau he did not considered then wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. “Are they wet enough now?”.
In the heat of battle, players have been obrved to throw themlves across the court without considering the conquences that such a move might have on anyone in their way. I have also witn
esd a player reacting to his opponent’s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the cour of play. Off the court, they are good friends. Does that make any n? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from normal behavior.
Therefore, I believe it is time we elevated (提升)the game to the level where it belongs, thereby tting an example to the rest of the sporting world. Replacing the term “opponent” with “associate” could be an ideal way to start. The dictionary meaning of the term “associate” is “colleague”; “friend” ; “companion.” Reflect a moment! You may soon e and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term “associate” rather than “opponent.”
62. Which of the following statements best express the author’s view?
A. Aggressive behavior in sports can have rious conquences
B. The words people u can influence their behavior
C. Unpleasant words in sports are often ud by foreign athletes
D. Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field
63. Harsh words are spoken during games becau the players _______.
A. are too eager to win
B. are usually short-tempered and easily offended
C. cannot afford to be polite in fierce competition
D. treat their rivals as enemies
64. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?
A. He refud to continue the game
B. He angrily hit the referee with a ball
C. He claimed that the referee was unfair
D. He wet his gloves by across his T-shirt
65. According to the passage, players, in a game, may _______.
A. deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way
B. keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game
C. lie down on the ground as an act of protest
D. kick the ball across the court with force
66. The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved by ______.
A. calling on players to u on the court
B. raising the referee’s n of responsibility
C. changing the attitude of players on the sports field
