“学术造假”英语怎么说
名词解释:学术造假是指剽窃、抄袭、占有他人研究成果,或者伪造、修改研究数据等的学术腐败行为。学术造假首先是一种违背学术道德和科学精神的表现,是学术领域中学风浮躁和急功近利的产物。你知道怎么用英语表达吗?
China is known for its pirated DVDs and fake designer gear, but the criminals were producing something more intellectual: fake scholarly articles which they sold to academics, and counterfeit versions of existing medical journals in which they sold publication slots.
As China tries to take its at at the top table of global academia, the criminal underworld has ized on a feature in its rearch system: the fact that rearch grants and promotions are awarded on the basis of the number of articles published, not on the quality of the original rearch. Such a flawed system for judging rearch is leading to academic fraud.
中国以盗版DVD和假冒名牌服装而“著称”,然而,这些犯罪分子还在制造一些更需要智力的东西——他们有的捏造出学术文章,然后卖给学者,有的则以现有的医学期刊为蓝本,伪造出“山寨”期刊,然后出售用以发表论文的版面。
就在当中国正努力在全球学术界的最高层占据一席之地时,犯罪分子利用了中国研究体系的一个特点,即研究经费的发放和研究人员的晋升,其所根据的是所发表文章的数量,而不是独创性研究的质量。这种存在缺陷的研究评估体系催生了学术造假。
【讲解】
文中的academic fraud就是“学术造假”的意思。其中academic是形容词,意思是“学术的”,又如:the academic community 学术界,academic exchanges 学术交流,an academic career 学术生涯等。文中第二段的academia,可以解释为“学术界”,是抽象、不可数名词。类似的词还有academy,意思是“学院”、“研究院”,如:the Chine Academy of Science 中国科学院。
fraud是“欺骗”、“诈骗”的意思,动词搭配通常为carry out a fraud或commit a fraud,解释为“行骗”。
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