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Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagno, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly dia. SARS — Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome — was detected for the first time in February in Hanoi, and since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this point, there are more questions than answers surrounding the dia.
Symptoms start with a fever over 100.4 degrees F, sometimes with chills, headache or body aches. Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might progress to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20% of cas, patients require mechanical ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the dia.
Most cas appear to have been pasd through droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care for them have been most likely to contract the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the dia might spread through air, or that the virus might linger for two to three hours on doorknobs or other surfaces.
Symptoms generally begin in two to ven days, but some reports suggest it might take as long as 10 days.
Scientists are clo to developing a lab test to diagno SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnod by its symptoms. There is no evidence that antibiotics, anti-viral medicines or steroids help, so doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of transmission.
Scientists aren't sure yet, but some rearchers think it's a newly discovered coronavirus, the family of virus that cau some common colds.
原⽂出处：
Symptoms, cau of SARS studied
Scientists around the world are racing to learn how to rapidly diagno, treat and stop the spread of a new, deadly dia. SARS — Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome — was detected for the first time in February in Hanoi, and since then has infected more than 1,600 people in 15 countries, killing 63. At this point, there are more questions than answers surrounding the dia.
Experts at the World Health Organization and Centers for Dia Control and Prevention tell USA TODAY's Anita Manning what is known so far:
Q: What are the symptoms of SARS?
A: Symptoms start with a fever over 100.4 degrees F, sometimes with chills, headache or body aches. Within a week, the patient has a dry cough, which might progress to shortness of breath. In 10% to 20% of cas, patients require mechanical ventilation to breathe. About 3.5% die from the dia.
Q: How does the dia spread?
A: Most cas appear to have been pasd through droplets expelled when infected patients cough or sneeze. Family members of infected people and medical workers who care for them have been most likely to contract the illness. But recent developments in Hong Kong suggest that the dia might spread through air, or that the virus might linger for two to three hours on doorknobs or other surfaces.
Health experts say it is unlikely, though, that sharing an elevator briefly with an infected person would be enough to pass the virus.
Q: Once expod to SARS, how long would it take to get sick?
A: Symptoms generally begin in two to ven days, but some reports suggest it might take as long as 10 days.
Q: Where are the cas occurring?
A: The majority are in Asia, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore and Vietnam. Health Canada reports 98 suspect cas and four deaths. In the USA, the CDC reports 69 cas and no deaths.
Q: Is the U.S. government restricting travel to countries where there are cas of SARS?
A: Travel is not being restricted, but a CDC advisory recommends postponing elective or non-esntial travel to Singapore, Hanoi, China and Hong Kong. People who have recently visited a country where SARS has been reported are advid to monitor their health for 10 days after their return home and consult a doctor if they develop a high fever with cough or trouble breathing.
Q: What about people coming to the USA from SARS countries?
A: Health officials are meeting planes, cargo ships and crui ships that have come from China, Singapore and Vietnam. Pasngers are given alert cards advising them to monitor their health for a
t least 10 days and to give the card to their physician if they develop any symptoms. The alerts advi physicians who suspect SARS to notify health officials.
Q: What happens if I want to cancel a trip to an affected area?
A: Several airlines are easing restrictions to allow reticketing for a later date. But tho policies vary. United, for example, says pasngers with tickets issued up to April 15 and scheduled to fly to Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Singapore or Vietnam through May 31 can make one change for travel through Dec. 31 without penalty. American lets customers make one itinerary change without penalty. Northwest says only pasngers traveling within SARS-affected areas in Asia who might be denied travel for medical reasons will be able to change plans without any charges.
Q: How is SARS diagnod and treated?
A: Scientists are clo to developing a lab test to diagno SARS. In the meantime, it is diagnod by its symptoms. There is no evidence that antibiotics, anti-viral medicines or steroids help, so doctors can offer only supportive care. Patients with SARS are kept in isolation to reduce the risk of transmission.
Q: What kind of microbe is it, and where did it come from?
A: Scientists aren't sure yet, but some rearchers think it's a newly discovered coronavirus, the family of virus that cau some common colds.
Q: How worried are U.S. health experts?
A: Health officials are concerned that it can spread quickly, and "could get much wor before it gets better," CDC Director Julie Gerberding says.
Copyright 2005 The Associated Press. All rights rerved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
