《Confucian Analects》《論語》（英文版）中國文化核心經典 經部四書類
論 語
Confucian Analects
James Legge ,1893
季氏第十六
Book XVI: Ke She
Chapter 1
季氏將伐顓臾。
冉有、季路見於孔子曰：“季氏將有事於顓臾。”
孔子曰：“求！無乃爾是過與？夫顓臾，昔者先王以爲東蒙主，且在邦域之中矣，是社稷之臣也，何以伐爲？”
冉有曰：“夫子欲之。吾二臣者皆不欲也。”
孔子曰：“求！周任有言曰：‘陳力就列，不能者止。’危而不持，顛而不扶，則將焉用彼相矣？且爾言過矣。虎兕出於柙，龜玉毀於櫝中，是誰之過與？”
冉有曰：“今夫顓臾，固而近於費。今不取，後世必爲子孫憂。”
孔子曰：“求！君子疾夫舍曰‘欲之’而必爲之辭。丘也聞有國有家者，不患貧而患不均，不患寡而患不安。蓋均無貧，和無寡，安無傾。夫如是，故遠人不服，則脩文德以來之手机qq令牌
。旣來之，則安之。今由與求也，相夫子，遠人不服而不能來也，邦分崩離析而不能守也，而
謀動干戈於邦內。吾恐季孫之憂，不在顓臾，而在蕭牆之內也！”
Confucius expos the presumptuous and impolitic conduct of the chief of the Ch family in proposing to attack a minor state,a dn rebukes Zan Y and Tsze-l for abetting the design.
1. The head of the Ch family was going to attack Chwan-y.
2. Zan Y and Ch-l had an interview with Confucius, and said, "Our chief, Ch, is going to commence operations against Chwan-y."
3. Confucius said, "Ch'i, is it not you who are in fault here?
4. "Now, in regard to Chwan-y, long ago, a former king appointed its ruler to preside over the sacrifices to the eastern Mang; moreover, it is in the midst of the territory of our state; and its ruler is a minister in direct connection with the sovereign:-- What has your chief to do with attacking it?"
5. Zan Y said, "Our master wishes the thing; neither of us two ministers wishes it."
6. Confucius said, "Ch'i, there are the words of Chu Zan, -- 'When he can put forth his ability, he takes his place in the ranks of office; when he finds himlf unable to do so, he retires from it. How can he be ud as a guide to a blind man, who does not support him when tottering, nor rai him up when fallen?'
7. "And further, you speak wrongly. When a tiger or rhinoceros escapes from his cage; when a tortoi or piece of jade is injured in its repository:-- who is the fault?"
8. Zan Y said, "But at prent, Chwan-y is strong and near to P; if our chief do not now take it, it will hereafter be a sorrow to his descendants."
9. Confucius said. "Ch'i, the superior man hates tho declining to say -- 'I want such and such a thing,' and framing explanations for their conduct.
10. "I have heard that rulers of states and chiefs of families are not troubled lest their people should be few, but are troubled lest they should not keep their veral places; that they are not troubled with fears of poverty, but are troubled with fears of a want of content
ed repo among the people in their veral places. For when the people keep their veral places, there will be no poverty; when harmony prevails, there will be no scarcity of people; and when there is such a contented repo, there will be no rebellious upttings.
11. "So it is. -- Therefore, if remoter people are not submissive, all the influences of civil culture and virtue are to be cultivated to attract them to be so; and when they have been so attracted, they must be made contented and tranquil.
12. "Now, here are you, Y and Ch'i, assisting your chief. Remoter people are not submissive, and, with your help, he cannot attract them to him. In his own territory there are divisions and downfalls, leavings and parations, and, with your help, he cannot prerve it.
13. "And yet he is planning the hostile movements within the state. -- I am afraid that the sorrow of the Ch-sun family will not be on account of Chwan-y, but will be found within the screen of their own court."
Chapter 2
孔子曰：“天下有道，則禮樂征伐自天子出。天下無道，則禮樂征伐自諸侯出。自諸侯出，蓋十世希不失矣。自大夫出，五世希不失矣。陪臣執國命，三世希不失矣。天下有道，則政不在大夫。天下有道，則庶人不議。”
The supreme authority ought ever to maintain its 交往礼仪
power. The violation of this rule always leads to ruin, which is speedier as the rank of the violator is lower.
1. Confucius said, "When good government prevails in the empire, ceremonies, music, and punitive military expeditions proceed from the son of Heaven. When bad government prevails in the empire, ceremonies, music, and punitive military expeditions proceed from the princes. When the things proceed from the princes, as a rule, the cas will be few in which they do not lo their power in ten generations. When they proceed from the great officers of the princes, as a rule, the ca will be few in which they do n草莓产地
ot lo their power in five generations. When the subsidiary ministers of the great officers hold in their
grasp the orders of the state, as a rule the cas will be few in which they do not lo their power in three generations.
