北京高考七选五试题的特点和解题技巧训练
北京高考七选五试题的特点：
1、考察文章段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。即考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握
2、一般都是说明文。
3、文章结构清晰，语段以句际间的意义，或句际间的关联词，或逻辑性插入语结合在一起
4、只有两个空设干扰项，且干扰项与文章中的信息相关
5、段首设空句一般为概括段意句或承上启下句
6、七个备选项均为完整的句子，可将其分为段落主旨概括句、过渡性句子和注释性句子（上下文逻辑关系）三类
解题技巧:
1、阅读七个选项，了解句子大意
2、通读全篇文章，分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次，理解意群，把握句子及段落之间的逻辑关系，掌握全篇文脉。分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是此类题解题的关键
注： 在分析语段层次时，要注意句际间的连接词，同时体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次
3、边阅读边从选项中找出1—3个相关选项填在设空处
4、确定段首句及其它具有指代关系可参考以及逻辑关系清晰的选项，并从选项中去掉所确定的选项及所设计的干扰项
5、细读并依据上下文及逻辑关系确定其余选项
6、带着答案复读原文，检查内容和逻辑是否合理。
练习：
The Dangers of Secondhand Smoke
Most people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health. Scientific rearch shows that it caus many kinds of dias. 71 However, Edward Gilson has lung cancer, and he has never smoked cigarettes. He lives with his wife，Evelyn，who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage. The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.
No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer. However，doctors believe that condhand smoke may cau lung cancer in people who do not smoke becau nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people’s cigarettes. __72 The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to condhand smoke.
The smo魔法保姆麦克菲1
ke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that the chemicals could harm a nonsmoker’s health. 73 They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of the t
oxic (有毒的) chemicals in their bodies. 74 For example，we cannot avoid condhand smoke in restaurants，hotels and other public places. Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas，smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted. It is even harder for children to avoid condhand smoke. In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.
Rearch shows that children who are expod to condhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as the children of nonsmokers. The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.
___75 As a result，they have pasd laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.
A. Recently，though，scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.
B. As a matter of fact，almost all of US breathe tobacco smoke at times，whether we realize it or not.
C. In fact，many people who smoke get lung cancer.
D. However, condhand smoke is dangerous to all people，old or young.
E. People are becoming very aware of the dangers of condhand smoke.
F. This smoke is called condhand smoke.
G. Many people, including doctors, parents, teachers, and others, are concerned about the health risks of cigarette smoking.
答案：71---75 CFABE
Well-done on an Exam
Do not underestimate the power of revision in the days and hours before an examinatio
n. The clor you are to the exam, the more chance you have of storing and attaining key information. But do not overdo it. __51__ An effective daily routine can help you through an exam period, so in the days leading up to your first exam, get into the habit of being up and read to work. It can be a shock to the system after months of working to y胞字组词
our own timetable to be mentally alert at that time if you have not prepared for it.
On the day of the exam, have a good breakfast, pack everything you need ( pens, pencils, erars, etc), then make your way to the examination hall in good time. __52__
Once in your at, simply pau for a few conds and collect your thoughts. Clo your eyes and take in a few slow, deep breaths to help you relax. When you turn over the test paper, spend a short period reading through all the instructions and questions, paying particular attention to key verbs such as “discuss”, “compare” and “evaluate”. __53__It is always wi to allow 10 minutes at the end of the exam to give yourlf time to go back over your answers. Once you have lected the questions you wish to tackle, begin by attempting the one you think is your strongest. It will give you more confidence
when you e a well-answered question down on paper. Also remember to write clearly, and do not be afraid to express the 鲜艳的意思
unexpected: after all, examiners can get very bored marking stereotypical(模式化的) answers.
