一、时间状语从句中的省略
When (he was) very young, he began to learn to play the guitar. 他很小的时候, 就开始学习弹吉他。
While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他, 一个奇怪但有能力的学生。
Don’t come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你请你不要进来。
Whenever (it is) possible, you should come and help. 不管什么时候只要有可能你就该来帮忙。
You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible. 你应该尽快让我们知道结果。
二、条件状语从句中的省略
Send the goods now if (they are) ready. 货物如果准备好了, 现在就送过来。
If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如有必要, 给我家里打电话。
Come along with me if (it is) possible. 如果有可能和我一起去吧。
If (it is) true, this will cau us a lot of trouble. 如果是真的, 这会给我们带来很多麻烦。
There are few people nowadays, if (there are) any, who remember him.
即使有人, 现在能记起他的也是寥寥无几。
You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你应该呆在你现在的地方不动, 除非叫你离开。
三、方式状语从句中的省略
as if / as though后加名词 /形容词 /副词 / 介词短语 / 现在分词 / 过去分词 / 不定式。
She talked to the stranger as if (she were) abnt-minded. 她和陌生人谈话似乎心不在焉。
He opened the desk, as if (he was) in arch of something important.
他打开抽屉仿佛要找什么重要的东西。
The boy is running impatiently here and there as if (he is) arching for something lost on the sports ground. 这男孩很不耐心地在操场上到处跑着似乎在找所丢失的东西。
The football player is rolling on the ground as if (he is) hurt badly in the leg. 本岛
足球运动员在操场上打着滚似乎他的腿伤得厉害。
He moved his lips as if(he wanted) to speak. 他的嘴动着仿佛要说什么。
四、地点状语从句中的省略
Lay the books where possible you can find them easily. 把这些书放在你容易找到的地方。
Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages. 在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词。
五、让步状语从句中的省略
He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull. 他是个好人, 尽管有时有点无聊。
Even if (I am) invited to, I won’t go to such a bad lecture. 即使请我去, 我都不想听如此糟糕的报告。
六、比较状语从句中的省略
She has finished the work earlier than (it has been) expected. 她比预料的提前完成这项工作。
She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do). 她钢琴弹得和你(弹的)一样好。
一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句;由whether ,if , unless 等引导的条件状语从句;小麦种
由 though , although ,even if ,whatever等引导的让步状语从句;由 as ,than 等引导的比较
状语从句;由as, as if , as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时,并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原则:
(1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be ,这时从句中可出现如下结构:
① 连词(as, as if , once)+ 名词
如:Once (he was)a worker ,Pang Long now becomes a famous singer .庞龙曾经是个工冰箱排名前十的品牌
人,现在变成一位著名的歌手。
②连词( though, whether , when)+形容词
如:Work hard when (you are) young ,or you'll regret.趁年轻要努力学习,要不然你会后悔的。
③连词(whether, as if ,while )+介词短语
如:He looked everywhere as if (he was)in arch of something .他到处看似乎在找什么
东西。
④连词(when , while , though )+ 现在分词
如:While (he was) holding talks with President Hu Jintao , US President George W. Bush thanked China for its important role in the Six-Party Talks.美国总统布什在与胡锦涛主席会谈时,感谢中国在六方会谈中起的重要作用。
⑤ 连词(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 过去分词
如:The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected .这次展览比被预料的有趣的多
⑥ 连词(as if ,as though ) + 不定式
如:Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if (he were) to speak .奥林匹克金牌获得者跨栏运动员刘翔张开嘴好象要说什么。
(2)当从句的主语是 it,谓语动词中又含有系动词be 时 ,可以把it和系动词be一起省略。
此时构成连词(if , unless ,when , whenever)+形容词的结构。如:Unless (it is) necessary ,you'd better not refer to the dictionary.如果没有必要,你最好不要查字典。
各种状语从句的省略现象列举如下:
一、时间状语从句中的省略
When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小时,就开始学习弹钢琴。
While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他,一个奇怪但有能力的学生。
When arriving, nd me a telegram. (When you arrive, nd me a telegram.) 到达之后,来个电报。
Before leaving, turn off all the lights. (Before you leave, turn off all the lights.) 走之前,
请关闭所有的灯。
Don’t come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你请你不要进来。
Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help. 不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。
You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible. 你应尽快让我们知道结果。
注:as在引导时间状语从句时,没有这种省略现象。我们不可说As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground.
二、地点状语从句中的省略
地点状语从句的省略常用下列结构:where(ver) possible, where(ver) necessary,
Lay the books where possible you can find them easily. 把这些书放在你可能容易找到的地方。
Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages. 在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词。