unit4grammar（2）
Unit 4 Grammar—V-ing as Attribute and Adverbial
北京市航天中学⾼⼀英语备课组
Teaching aims:
The students will be able to
1. know the meaning and the usage of V-ing ud as adverbial and Attribute by discussing some example ntences.
2. u them in proper situations by doing some practice(filling in the form, combinating two ntences, and translation). Teaching procedures:
Step 1. Prentation:
Ask Ss fill in the form from the text and analyze them.
1. I saw veral young people enter the ___________ area ___________ around curiously.
(waiting, looking)
2. I stood for a minute ________ them and then went to greet them. (watching)
3. She stepped back _____________ surprid and put up her hands. (appearing)
4. Akira bowed so his no touched George’s __________ hand. (moving)
5. When Darlene Coulon fromFrance came _________ through the door, she recognized Tony
Garcia’s __________ face. (dashing, smiling)
Get the students to translate the ntences and analyze the u of V-doing
1.我看见⼏个年轻⼈进⼊到等候区，很好奇地四处看。
waiting—⽤于等候的，⽤来修饰area，做定语。
looking around--- 四处看，环顾四周，⽤来修饰他们进来时伴随的动作，所以做状语。2. 我（在那）站了⼀会⼉，看着他们，然后过去跟他们打招呼。
watching --- ⽤于修饰我站在那时的状态，做状语。
3. 她往后退了⼏步，看起来很奇怪，同时她举起了⼿。
appearing --- ⽤于修饰后退时的表情，做状语。
4. Akira鞠了个躬，因此他的⿐⼦碰上了George挥动的⼿。
moving--- ⽤于修饰hand，表正在挥动的⼿，做定语。
5. dashing---做状语，修饰动作came, smiling --- 做定语，修饰名词face
结论：doing在句中可以充当状语，⽤于修饰句中的动词，表⽰主动的动作或状态。
Doing在句中做定语，⽤于修饰名词正在发⽣的状态或该名词的⽤途。
Step 2. Learn the usage of V- ing ud as Adverbial.
1. Help the Ss recognize the form and the meaning of V–ing as adverbial.
Ask the students to rewrite the ntences.
1）I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.
= I stood for a minute and watched them …
2). She stepped back appearing surprid …
= She stepped back and appeared surprid at the same time.
结论：
The Prent Participle is ud as adverbial（状语）
Doing表⽰与句⼦谓语动词stood, stepped同时发⽣的动作，⽽且都是句⼦主语主动发出的动
作，表伴随状语。
2 Help the Ss to know the form and the meanings of the prent participle.
Ask the Ss to learn to match the prent participle with adverbial clau.
Prent participle (划出第1句中的doing形式，并按句意填出相应的连词)
a. Using your head, you’ll find a better way to solve the problem.
-
--_________ you u your head, you will find a good way to solve the problem.
b. Four people entered the room，looking around curiously.
--- Four people enter the room ________ looked around in a curious way.
c. Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV t.
--- __________ he was poor, he couldn’t afford a TV t,.
d. Hearing the news, he got frightened.
--- _________ he heard the news, he got frightened.
e. The child slipped and fell heavily, hitting his head against the door.
--- The child slipped and fell_______ heavily ________ he hit his head against the door.
f. Working day and night, he may not complete his task.
--- ___________ he works day and night, he may not complete his task.
g. He stopped suddenly, remembering everything.
--- He stopped suddenly ____________ he remembered everything.
Summary:
Function: V-ing形式作状语.
Meaning: V-ing形式作状语可感谢老师的诗歌
以表⽰时间，原因，条件，让步，结果，⽅式或伴随情况。⼀般可变换为状语从句。Position: V-ing形式作状语放在主句前⾯或后⾯，中间可⽤逗号隔开。
3．Practice:
1) Ask the students to rewrite the following ntences by using V-ing
a. The old woman sat on the sofa, and watched TV.
The old woman sat on the sofa, watching TV. (伴随)
b. If you work hard, you will succeed.
Working hard, you will succeed. （条件）
c. Becau he had no interest in the topic, he didn’t go to the lecture.
Having no interest in the topic, he didn’t go to the lecture. （原因）
d. He didn’t study hard, thus he failed his test.
He didn’t study hard, thus failing his test. （结果）
e. When I saw the picture, I couldn’t help thinking of the days in Australia.
Seeing the picture, I couldn’t help thinking of the days in Australia. （时间）
f. After I finished the work, I went out for a walk.
After finishing the work, I went out for a walk.
= Having finished the work, I went our for a walk. (doing的完成式表已经发⽣的动作)
2) Let the Ss温暖的意思
u V-ing as adverbial or adverbial claus to describe the pictures.
1) To ask the Ss to say something about pictures using V-ing or adverbial claus to describe the pictures in groups.
2) To prent their descriptions to the whole class.
Picture1. Picture2.
What is the baby doing now? What is the boy doing now?
(swim, smile) (watch TV, lie on the sofa, eat snacks)
The little baby swims in the water, smiling. The boy watches TV and eats snacks, lying on the sofa. Picture 3: Picture 4
(swim, push the board) (sit by the table, listen to the radio)
Finish the ntences:
1.由于没有收到答复，所以他决定再写⼀封信给他⽗亲。写完信后，他就去邮局寄了。
________ ___________ ___________ the reply, he _________ ________ ________ to his father again. _________ __________ it, he went to the post office to nd it.
2. 我们骑车去西⼭植树，⼀路上有说有笑。
We rode bikes to West Hill ________ ________ trees, ___________ and ____________.
3. 由于是我们班最⾼的男⽣，汤姆总是很⾃豪。
__________ the tallest boy in our class, Tom is very proud.
Step 3. Learn to u V–ing as attribute
1 .自然灾害英文
Learn to u single V–ing as attribute
Ask the Students to obrve the following ntence and then answer some questions.
Exerci 1: Match Column A with Column B.
A B
the waiting area the hand which is moving
the moving hand the area for waiting
Summary：前置定语
Position: 单个的V-ing形式作定语放在所修饰的名词前⾯。
Meaning: A. 表⽰动作正在进⾏, 此时相当于⼀个定语从句
B.表⽰所修饰名词的性质或⽤途.
Practice: 翻译短语并归类：
1)a swimming pool 2)a sleeping child 3)a walking stick 4)the rising sun 5)a changing room 6)drinking water, 7) running water 8) a flying kite 9)working people 10)a writing table
表⽤途：_____________________________________________________________
表正在进⾏的动作：___________________________________________________
2．Learn to u V–ing phra as attribute.
Show them two pictures and then ask them to have a summary about the usage of V–ing form as attribute.
1)The woman teaching in the classroom is our Chine teacher.
2)The man running on the track is Liu Xiang.
Summary: 后置定语
1. Function: V-ing形式短语作定语.
2. Position：放在所修饰的名词之后。
3) Exerci: 按例⼦⽤含doing形式的结构回答问题：
1. The girl is standing under the tree. She is a dancer.
Which girl is a dancer?
The girl （who is）standing under the tree is a dancer.
2. The man is sitting on the platform. He is my math teacher.
Which man is my math teacher?
___________________________________________________________
3. The lady is talking to the children. She comes from Britain.
Which lady comes from Britain?
___________________________________________________________
4. The man is walking along the river. He can play the piano.
Which man can play the piano?
___________________________________________________________
Step 4: 综合练习
⼀、. Books P29 Ex 2: choo the best word to fill in the form.
⼆、. ⽤所给动词的适当形式填空，并指出充当的成分：
____________ (travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities.
He never went out in daylight,____________(fear) that the police would recognize him.
_____________(arrive) at the party, we saw Ca我的前半生演员名单
rol standing alone by the window.
The snow lasted a week, ____________(result) in a traffic accident in the area.
Workers ___________(build) the hou work very hard.
Many _____________(fly) kites are in the sky.
Look out, the ____________(boil) water is very hot.
They spent their night in the ______________(sleep) car.
三.、翻译：
阅览室_______________________ 令⼈疲惫的旅⾏_________________________
⼯作条件______________________ 洗⾐机_________________________________
________________________________________________（当参观这个城市的时候）,he went to e many of his old friends.
When I went in, he was lying on the floor, ______________________________________(盯着窗户看)
____________________________________(朝教室外⾯看)，he saw his mother coming.
有⼏个学⽣在操场上踢⾜球。
There are veral students ______________________________________________________.
挂在墙上的那幅画是我爸爸画的。
The picture ______________________________________ is painted by my father.
正在教室⾥跳舞的那个⼥孩是我们的班长。
The girl ____________________________________________ is our monitor.
四、写作练习：
What time and what date is it?
What’s on the table？（all kinds of delicious food）
What are they doing now? (sit at the table, wait for their children, )
What does Father want to do? How about Mother? (telephone, look back at the door, feel disappointed)
五、单项选择：
1. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered at the party, but not .
A．to arrive; leaving B．to arrive; to leave C．arriving; leaving D．arriving; to leave 2. in the queue for half an h读书的收获50字
our, Tom sudde世界最大货轮
nly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A．To wait B．Have waited C．Having waited D．To have waited
3. ______ with a mental disability is perhaps most difficult challenge a human can face in life.
A. Lived
B. Living
C. Being lived
D. Being living
4. ______ the latest technolo孩子流鼻血怎么回事
gies, Chine scientists grow vegetables in greenhou.
A. To u
B. U
C. Using
D. Ud
