WORDS
Approach
【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，注意approach的意思及用法。
1. With the approach of spring many flowers come out.
2. As autumn approaches, the plants’ colours in the garden change.
3. Our approach frightened the birds away.
4. As we approach the hou, we found a dog lying on the ground.
5. The company made the profits approaching 10 million dollars last year.
【自我归纳】
approach作动词，意为“（在时间、距离、数量上）____”，如句____。approach 还可用作____词，如句1，3中，意为“____”。
Key: 接近；2，4，5；名；（在时间、距离上）接近
【拓展】
approach 作动词时，还可意为“处理 / 对待（问题、任务）”。如：
You should know how to approach the problem correctly.
你应该知道如何妥当地处理这个问题。
作名词时，还可意为“方法”，通常和介词to连用，这时和way，method同义。如：
He came up with a new approach to teaching 公务员考试考什么
languages.
他想出了一种教授语言的新方法。
【即学即练】 汉译英。
1. 李老师提出了一种不同的学习外语的方法。
2. 圣诞节就要到了。
3. 冬天临近了，天气变得越来越冷了。
4. 当我走近他时，他向我微笑了一下。
Key:
1. Mr. Li came up with a different approach to learning foreign languages.
2. Christmas Day is approaching.
3. With the approach of winter, / As winter is approaching, it gets colder and colder.
4. As I approached him, he smiled at me.
Afford
【寓词于境】 阅读下列句子，注意afford的意思及用法。
1. I want to get my car repaired becau I can’t afford a new one.
2. Can you afford 100,000 yuan for a car?
3. We can’t afford to pay such a price.
4. They could not afford the time to travel abroad.
5. The boss could not afford to lo any more good employees.
【自我归纳】
afford作动词，意为“____”，如句1到句3，这时afford常与can, could, be able to等连用，后可接名词、代词或____；在句4中，意为“____”；在句5中，意为“承担得起后果”。
Key：有经济条件做某事；动词不定式；有时间做某事
【辨析】 afford, buy
afford和buy都有“买”的意思，但afford侧重“有无经济能力买”，而buy则侧重“购买的行为”，表示“我买不起”可以说I can’t afford，但不可说“I can’t buy”，因为后者的意思是“即使有钱也不会 / 能买”，另外afford to buy表示“有能力买”。
【即学即练】 句型转换，每空一词。
1. I haven’t enough money to buy the tickets to the concert.
= I ____ ____ the tickets for the concert.
= I ____ ____ ____ ____ the tickets for the concert.
2. I’d love to go on a holiday but I’m too busy. = I’d love to go on a holiday but I ____ ____ ____ ____.
3. If we keep waiting, we will miss the plane.
= We ____ ____ ____ ____ any longer or we’ll miss the plane.
Key:
1. can’t afford; can’t afford to buy
2. can’t afford the time
3. can’t afford to wait
Survive
vi. 生存；存活；继续存在。如：
I can’t猫为什么吃老鼠
survive on such a low梦见找衣服穿
salary.
我无法靠这么低的工资生存。
Many customs have survived from earlier times. 许多风俗是从早年留存下来的。
vt. 经过……活下来；比……活得时间长。如：
Only three men survived 牛黄十三味丸
the fire last night.
昨天晚上的那场火灾中只有三个男人幸免于死。
The old lady survived her husband by one year.
丈夫死后，这个老太太又活了一年。
【拓展】
survival n. 生存，残存物；德意志帝国宪法
survivor n. 幸存者，挺过困难者。如：
A lot of small companies are having to fight for survival.
许多小公司现在不得不为生存而拼搏。
He was the only survivor of the car accident.
他是那次车祸中唯一的幸存者。
The law of the survival of the fittest was not made by什么狗粮品牌好
man.
适者生存的法则不是由人制定的。
【即学即练】 用survive的适当形式或短语填空。
1. The ____ of the boy is uncertain; he is badly hurt and may die.
2. He was a ____ of the accident, but he lost his left leg.
3. Few buildings here ____ the earthquake, for they were poorly built.
4. I don’t know how you all manage to ____ 20 dollars a week.
5. Most hous in the town ____ the Qing Dynasty.
6. The old man ____ his wife and his child.
Key:
1. survival 2. survivor
3. survived 4. survive on
5. survived from 6. survived
