一、词汇
catch v. 抓到
fisherman n. 钓鱼人，渔民
boot n. 靴子
waste n. 浪费
realize v. 意识到
★catch v. 抓到
1vt. 捉住，逮住，捕获
The police have caught the thief.
2vt. 抓住，握住
Can you catch the ball?
3vt. 及时赶到，赶上
catch up with 赶上，跟上
Go ahead plea.I ' ll soon catch up with you.
★ boot n. 靴子
a pair of boots 一双靴子
★waste n. 浪费
1n. 浪费
a waste of, 浪费 ,,
It is a waste of time/money/food/water.
2vt. 浪费
You are wasting time.
★realize v. 意识到
① v. 认识，知道，明白，意识到
I went into the wrong room without realizing it. 我无意中走错了房
间。
I realized that I was wrong.
② v. 实现（希望、目标、愿望等） realize one's dream 实现某人的梦想
She has realized her hope to be an actress.
3使变为事实，使发生（常用于被动语态）
This plan can never be realized.
二、课文讲解
1、Fishing is my favourite sport.
fishing 是一个动名词，由动词 +ing 组成，动名词可以作主语或宾语，如 eating ， reading 等等
★fish
①n.鱼（不可数名词），鱼的种类（可数）
There are a lot of fishes（ 表示种类 ）in the a.
②V.钓鱼，捕鱼
2、I often fish for hours without catching anything.
for+ 时间 表示一段时间
for hours=for some hours 数小时
without catching anything 作为状语而出现 , 表示结果状语。 without 是 介词，后面一定要加宾语,动名词catchi ng作without 的宾语，without后面
的动作是主语来做的。动名词也有动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语。 without 通常表示“缺乏、没有”；当它位于动名词前时，表示“不曾、不”
I can 't repair the car without your help.
They tried to leaVe the restaurant without paying.
He went out without saying any words.
3、 But this does not worry me.
★worry
v.①烦恼，担扰
worry sb. 某人为,, 烦恼，担扰
adj. 担心
be worried about 医治
,, 为,, 担心
I was worried about my little daughter.
4、 Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish.
instead of, 我原准备做 ,, 但是后来做了 ,, （instead of 后面的词一定是 没有做的）
I went to school instead of staying at home. 我没呆在家里而是去上
学了
I bought books instead of buying dress.
without 强调没有做某件事 , instead of 强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一 件事
副词 instead “作为替代，反而”，单独使用时一般出现在句尾
If you don't want a holiday in England, why don't y止咳橘红胶囊
ou go to Australia instead?
5、 I am even less lucky.
less 是 little 的比较级，意为“不及，不如，更少”
I spend less time on English than on French.
less+ 原形
A is less,than B A 不如 B
6、 After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag.
spend+时间+ 在某地 在某地度过,,时间
after <conj.>+ 从句 在,, 之后
after <prep.>+ 名词/ 动词的 ing 形式 ,, 之后（从句主语必须是主句的主语 时两种形式可互换）
After I go to school, I learned a lot of knowledge. （ 用一般式表示
一个事实 , 不用 “went to ” ） After going to school, I learned a lot of knowledge.
介词 after 的宾语的动名词 having spent 所表示的动作发生在谓语动词 go 之前，所以动名词用完成形式。 with an empty bag 注意连读
with sth. 有,, 的，持有, , 的，随身带着 ,,（ 状语）
Who's the man with the beard?
without sth. 没带,,
I always go home without angthing. 什么都没带回家
7、 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say.
give up doing sth. = stop doing sth. 放弃做某事
Give up smoking.
8、 I'm not really interested in fishing.
be intersted in sth. / doing sth. 对,, 感兴趣
I 'm interested in collecting stamps.
三、语法
动名词
动词 +ing 作名词时称为动名词，它仍有动词的属性，可以接宾语，动名词 可以代替名词做主语和宾语或介词宾语。
1、动名词作主语
Watching television is my favourite pastime. 看电视是我最喜爱的业
余爱好 .
2、动名词作宾语
Do you mind turning on the TV?
Betty enjoys listening to pop music.
3、利用介词 / 副词+动名词可以把两个句子连成一个句子 apologize for （not） doing sth. 为什么事情而道歉
I must apologize. I interrupted you. 我得表示道歉 . 我打断了你的说
话（工作）.
I must apologize for interrupting you.
由于打断了你的说话 （工作）, 我得表示道歉 . （for interrupting 强调 interrupt 这个动词）
I must apologize for having interrupted you. （ for having interrupted
强调 interrupt 这个动词先发生，强调时间 (having done) )以上两者为时间概 念不同，意思相同
congratulate (sb.) on doing sth. 因,, 祝贺(某人)
He congratulated me. I won the competition. 他向我道贺 . 我赢得了这
次比赛.
He congratulated me on winning the competition. 在我赢得这次比赛之
际 , 他向我祝贺 .
He congratulated me on having won the competition.
thank you for listening/attending 动名词用表示完成时的 having+ 过去分词结构往往强调动名词的动词发生
4、跟动名词的短语
be keen on doing sth. （热忠于 ,, ） ,be fond of,be interested in,enjoy doing sth. （喜欢做某事）， congratulations on doing sth. （祝贺 ,, ）
be afraid of
可以带动名词的介词有： before ， after ，without ，instead of 等
I can ' t watch TV without falling asleep. 我看电视时必定会睡着珍惜造句
。
Exercis C（ 用括号中的词来连接下列句子 , 如需要可对原句进行必要的 改动）
2.She bought a pair of boots. （instead of） She did not get a pair of shoes.
She bought a pair of boots instead of getting a pair of shoes.
=She bought a pair of boots in stead of a pair of shoes.
4.（After） She heard the news. She fainted.
after+ 从句； after prep.+doing
After hearing the news,she fainted. （faint vi. 昏晕, 昏倒）
四、特殊难点
Interested and Interesting. Excited and Exciting.
大多数现在分词和许多过去分词都可以作形容词用。 以-ed结尾的形容词常
