TRIPS: TEXT OF THE AGREEMENT
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectu光触媒是什么东西
al Property Rights
与贸易有关的知识产权协定
（ TRIPS协定是1994年4月15日在摩洛哥马拉喀什签署的《成立世界贸易组织马拉喀什协定》中的附件1C。）
The TRIPS Agreement is Annex 1C of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, signed in Marrakesh, Morocco on 15 April 1994.
与贸易有关的知识产权协定的前言
PREAMBLE to the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
第一部分 总则和基本原则
PART I General Provisions and Basic Principles
第二部分 关于知识产权的效力、范畴和应用时的规范
PART II Standards Concerning the Availability, Scope and U of Intellectual Property Rights
1. 著作权和相关的权利 Copyright and Related Rights
2. 商标 Trademarks
3. 地理标识 Geographical Indications
4. 工业品外观设计 Industrial Designs
5. 专利 Patents
6. 集成电路布局设计（拓扑图）
Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits
7. 对未公开信息的保护 Protection of Undisclod Information
8. 对许可契约中限制竞争行为的抑制
Control of Anti-Competitive Practices in Contractual Licences
第三部分 知识产权的实施
PART III Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights
1. 基本责任 General Obligations
2. 民事和行政程序及其救济措施
Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies
3. 临时措施 Provisional Measures
4. 与边境措施相关的专门要求Special Requirements Related to Border Measures
5. 刑事程序 Criminal Procedures
第四部分 知识产权的取得和维持以及当事人之间的相关程序
PART IV Acquisition and Maintenance of Intellectual Property Rights and Related
Inter-Partes Procedures
第五部分 争端的防止和解决 PART V Dispute Prevention and Settlement
第六部分 过渡性安排 PART VI Transitional Arrangements
第七部分 机构安排；最后条款 PART VII Institutional Arrangements; Final Provisions
全体成员，Members,
因渴望减少国际贸易中的被扭曲与障碍，认为必须提高知识产权有效和充分的保护，并应同时确保知识产权行施中的措施和程序其本身不成为合法贸易中的障碍；所以确认需要下列方面的新规则和自律准则：
Desiring to reduce distortions and impediments to international trade, and taking into acc
ount the need to promote effective and adequate protection of intellectual property rights, and to ensure that measures and procedures to enforce intellectual property rights do not themlves become barriers to legitimate trade; Recognizing, to this end, the need for new rules and disciplines concerning:
(a) 关于《1994年关贸总协定（GATT）》和有关国际知识产权协定或公约基本原则的应用；
the applicability of the basic principles of GATT 1994 and of relevant international
intellectual property agreements or conventions;
(b) 关于涉及贸易的知识产权的效力、范畴和应用的适用规范和原则性规定;
the provision of adequate standards and principles concerning the availability, scope
and u of trade-related intellectual property rights;
(c) 关于在考虑各国法律制度之间差异的前提下，实施涉及贸易的知识产权时有效与适宜
方
式的规定；
the provision of effective and appropriate means for the enforcement of trade-related
intellectual property rights, taking into account differences in national legal systems;
(d) 关于多边参与防止和解决政府间争端的有效与迅速的反应程序的规定；以及
the provision of effective and expeditious procedures for the multilateral prevention
and ttlement of disputes between governments; and
(e) 关于为充分分享国际谈判的成果所进行的过渡性安排；
transitional arrangements aiming at the fullest participation in the results of the
negotiations;
且确认，需要拥有一个关于处理国际贸易中假冒商品问题的原则、规则和纪律的多边框架；
Recognizing the need for a multilateral framework of principles, rules and disciplines dealing with international trade in counterfeit goods;
且确认，知识产权属于私权；
Recognizing that intellectual property rights are private rights;
且确认，知识产权国家保护制度中基本的政府政策目标，包括开发保护的目标和技术保护的目标；
Recognizing the underlying public policy objectives of national systems for the protection of intellectual property, including developmental and technological objectives;
且确认，最不发达国家成员国内法律法规实施时关于最高灵活性的特殊需求，从而使其在本协定实施时能具备健全可行的技术性基础；
Recognizing also the special needs of the least-developed country Members in respect of maximum flexibility in the dom古风图片高清
estic implementation of laws and regulations in order to enable them to create a sound and viable technological ba;
需要强调，通过多边程序解决与贸易有关的知识产权争端，重视承诺，从而减少紧张关系的重要性；
Emphasizing the importance of reducing tensions by reaching strengthened commitments to resolve disputes on trade-related intellectual property issues through multilateral procedures;
