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现在完成时态
一、现在完成时的结构: 助动词 have / has + 动词的过去分词 ( done )
其中 have / has 为助动词,因而它的否定和疑问句形式全部由 have / has 进行变化。
例如: a. I have already finished my homework. (already(已经)用于肯定句)
否定句:____________________________________________________
一般疑问句:________________________________________________?
b. His father has b形容人的句子 een to Beijing three times. 他父亲去过北京三次了。
否定句:____________________________________________________.
一般疑问句:________________________________________________?
提问:______________________________________________________?
二、现在完成时的"完成用法"
A、定义:现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生
了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系。
例如:He has turned off the light. ( 动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)
B、特点:现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时
间状语(如:already,yet,b眉头有痣 efore,just, recently等)、频度时间状语(如:never,ever,once,twice
等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning / month /,today等)连用。
例如: Have you found your pen yet? 你已找到你的钢笔了吗?
请尝试着做以下的练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I_______ already _______ (e) the film. I __________ (e) it last week.
2. ----- _______ he _________(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet .
3. -----_______you _________(be) to Hong Kong ? ----Yes, I _______________ (be) there twice .
4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? ----No, never.
5. My father _______ just __________ (come) back from work. He is ti读后感800字 red now.
6. Where’ Li Ming ? He ______________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
7. Shanghai ___________ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____________ (become) a
large city.
8. --- I ___________ (e) the film “2012”.
--- Where and when ________ you _______ (e) it? --- Last week.
9. Mary _________ already __________ (have) her supper.
10. I ____________ (not want) to e the film. I ___________ (e) it with my parents.
We _________ (e) it last Sunday.
11. ---______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend) the TV yet? ---Yes, he______.
---When _____ he _____ it? --- Yesterday.
12. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet?
13. ---______ you ________ (e) the film last night?
---No, I ___________ (e) it for veral times.
2. have gone to和have been to的区别和用法
have gone to意为“到某地去”,说话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的
主语。如:
—Where is Jim?———吉姆在哪里?—He has gone to England.———他去英国了。(尚未回来)
Mr Wang isn't here.He has gone to Qingdao.王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。
have been to意为“曾经去过某地”,现在已不在那里了,后可接次数,如once,twice,three times
等,表示“去过某地几次”,也可和 just,never,ever等连用。如:
My father has been to Beijing twice.我父亲去过北京两次。
I have never been to the GREat Wall.我从未去过长城。
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3. 现在完成时的"未完成用法"
A、定义:现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可
能还要继续下去。
例如:He has lived here since 1978. 自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。
I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。
B、特点:此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时
刻相连的时间状语(如:up to now,so far到目前为止)等。
I have heard nothing from him up to noexcel目录 w. 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
注意:(1) 现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或
延续时间很短的动词。如:come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等。
(2 ) 现在完成时常见两种句型:主语+have / has been+for 短语/ since 短语
例如: He has been in the League for three years. 他入团已三社保专员 年了。
请尝试着做以下的练习
1. I _____________ (work) here since 1999.
2. ---How long ______ the Smiths ________(stay)here? ---- For two weeks.
3. She ____________ (be) ill for three days.
4. She____________ (not read) this book before.
5. ____ you ever __________ (travel) on a train before?
6. --- ____ Wei Hua ________ (come) yet?
---Y三年级上学期数学期末试卷 es. She_______ (come) already. She ______ (come) just now.
7. --How long _____you __________(learn) English? ---For more than two years.
8. I________ already _________ (e) the film. I _________ (e) it last week.
9. ______ you _______(be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I ___________ (be) there twice .
10. My father ________ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
11. How long _______ the Wangs _________(stay) here ? For two weeks.
(3)、for 和 since 的区别。
a. fo虚词有哪些 r 和表示一段时间的词组连用。eg. for six hours/nine days/ two weeks/thirty years
b. since 和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用,这是介词。
eg. since nine o’clock this morning / last summer/ three weeks ago/September
since 还可以引导时间状语从句,表示“自从…..以来”,这是连词。
eg. 自从他出生以来,他就住在这儿。He has lived here since he was born.
______ three months ______ two weeks ago, _______ 1998, ______last Sunday
二、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈
述一件过去的事情,不强调对"现在"产生的影响。如:
He visited Guilin in 1998.他1998年参观过桂林。(只说明去桂林的时间)
2. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语
连用。如:
Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)
3. 两种时态的区分
(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式,而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是"助动词have /has +过去分
词"。如:The film started at 7 o’clock. He has been a teacher for many years.
(2) 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday, last week, two years ago, just
now, in 2002等;而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和the days, this week, ,
等表示一段时间的状语连用。
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