现在完成时态

更新时间:2023-04-26 02:33:57 阅读: 评论:0


2023年4月26日发(作者:马嵬袁枚)

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现在完成时态

一、现在完成时的结构: 助动词 have / has + 动词的过去分词 ( done )

其中 have / has 为助动词,因而它的否定和疑问句形式全部由 have / has 进行变化。

例如: a. I have already finished my homework. (already(已经)用于肯定句)

否定句:____________________________________________________

一般疑问句:________________________________________________?

b. His father has b形容人的句子 een to Beijing three times. 他父亲去过北京三次了。

否定句:____________________________________________________.

一般疑问句:________________________________________________?

提问:______________________________________________________?

二、现在完成时的"完成用法"

A、定义:现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生

了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系。

例如:He has turned off the light. ( 动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)

B、特点:现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时

间状语(如:alreadyyetb眉头有痣 eforejust, recently)、频度时间状语(如:nevereveroncetwice

)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如:this morning month today)连用。

例如: Have you found your pen yet 你已找到你的钢笔了吗?

请尝试着做以下的练习

用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. I_______ already _______ (e) the film. I __________ (e) it last week.

2. ----- _______ he _________(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet .

3. -----_______you _________(be) to Hong Kong ? ----Yes, I _______________ (be) there twice .

4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? ----No, never.

5. My father _______ just __________ (come) back from work. He is ti读后感800字 red now.

6. Where’ Li Ming ? He ______________ (go) to the teacher’s office.

7. Shanghai ___________ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____________ (become) a

large city.

8. --- I ___________ (e) the film “2012”.

--- Where and when ________ you _______ (e) it? --- Last week.

9. Mary _________ already __________ (have) her supper.

10. I ____________ (not want) to e the film. I ___________ (e) it with my parents.

We _________ (e) it last Sunday.

11. ---______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend) the TV yet? ---Yes, he______.

---When _____ he _____ it? --- Yesterday.

12. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet?

13. ---______ you ________ (e) the film last night?

---No, I ___________ (e) it for veral times.

2. have gone tohave been to的区别和用法

have gone to意为“到某地去”,说话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的

主语。如:

Where is Jim?———吉姆在哪里?—He has gone to England———他去英国了。(尚未回来)

Mr Wang isn't hereHe has gone to Qingdao.王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。

have been to意为“曾经去过某地”,现在已不在那里了,后可接次数,如oncetwicethree times

等,表示“去过某地几次”,也可和 justneverever等连用。如:

My father has been to Beijing twice.我父亲去过北京两次。

I have never been to the GREat Wall.我从未去过长城。

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3. 现在完成时的"未完成用法"

A、定义:现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可

能还要继续下去。

例如:He has lived here since 1978. 自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。

I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。

B、特点:此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(sincefor引导),或表示与现在时

刻相连的时间状语(如:up to nowso far到目前为止)等。

I have heard nothing from him up to noexcel目录 w. 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。

注意:(1) 现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或

延续时间很短的动词。如:comegoarriveleavejoinbecomedie等。

(2 ) 现在完成时常见两种句型:主语+have / has beenfor 短语/ since 短语

例如: He has been in the League for three years. 他入团已三社保专员 年了。

请尝试着做以下的练习

1. I _____________ (work) here since 1999.

2. ---How long ______ the Smiths ________(stay)here? ---- For two weeks.

3. She ____________ (be) ill for three days.

4. She____________ (not read) this book before.

5. ____ you ever __________ (travel) on a train before?

6. --- ____ Wei Hua ________ (come) yet?

---Y三年级上学期数学期末试卷 es. She_______ (come) already. She ______ (come) just now.

7. --How long _____you __________(learn) English? ---For more than two years.

8. I________ already _________ (e) the film. I _________ (e) it last week.

9. ______ you _______(be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I ___________ (be) there twice .

10. My father ________ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now.

11. How long _______ the Wangs _________(stay) here ? For two weeks.

(3)for since 的区别。

a. fo虚词有哪些 r 和表示一段时间的词组连用。eg. for six hours/nine days/ two weeks/thirty years

b. since 和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用,这是介词。

eg. since nine o’clock this morning / last summer/ three weeks ago/September

since 还可以引导时间状语从句,表示自从…..以来,这是连词。

eg. 自从他出生以来,他就住在这儿。He has lived here since he was born.

______ three months ______ two weeks ago, _______ 1998, ______last Sunday

二、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈

述一件过去的事情,不强调对"现在"产生的影响。如:

He visited Guilin in 1998.1998年参观过桂林。(只说明去桂林的时间)

2. 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语

连用。如:

Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)

3. 两种时态的区分

(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式,而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是"助动词have /has +过去分

"。如:The film started at 7 o’clock. He has been a teacher for many years.

(2) 一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday, last week, two years ago, just

now, in 2002等;而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never等副词和the days, this week, ,

等表示一段时间的状语连用。


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