英语中的十六种时态

英语中的十六种时态

一般时态 回函格式 进行时羊角脆 态 完成时态 完成进行时态

am/is/are doing have/has 现在 do/does

done been doing

had done had been 过去 did was/were doing

have/has

doing

shall/will shall/will

have been doing have done

doing

将来 shall/will do shall/will be

过去

should/would should/would be should/would should/would

将来

do doing have done have been

doing

一、一般现在时

1.概念:表示经常发生的情况;有规律出现的情况;总是发生的;和事实真理2.时间

状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, everyweek day,year, month…, once

a weekday,year, month…, on Sundays on Mondays…,

3.基本结构:动词原形如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式

4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are+not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其

前加don’t,如主语为第三人称单数,则用 doesn’应验造句 t,同时还原行为动词;

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则

用does,同时,还原行为动词;

6.例句: It ldom snows here.这里很少下雪; He is always ready to help others.

他总是乐于帮助别人 Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩

二、一般过去时

1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作水鱼养殖 、行为;

2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week , last year ,

night , month . , in 1 9 8 9 , just now at the age of 5 , one day , long long ago ,

once upon a time

3.基本结构:主语+动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词

4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not+其他;在行为动词前加didn’'t,同时还原行为动

词;

5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行

为动词;

6.例句: She often came to help us in tho days.那些天她经常来帮助我们; i

didn' t know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙

三、一般将来时

1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事;

2时间状语: Tomorrow, next dayweek, month,year… soon , in a few minutes ,

by , the day after tomorrow , etc .

3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are+ going to+do+其它;主语+wi1l/ shall+do+其它

4.否定形式:主语+am/is/ are not going to do;主语+will/ shall not do+其它

5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;wi1l/sha1l提到句首;{首字母大写

6 .例句 : they are going to have a competition with us in studies It is going to

rain.天要下雨了

四、一般过去将

1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中;

2.时间状语: The next day morning ,year……,the following monthweek…,etc

3.基本结构:主语+Was/were+ going to+do+其它;主语+ would/ should+do+其它

4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not+ going to+do;主语+ 政策创新 would/ should

5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首; would/ should提到句首

6.例句: He said he would go to beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京;

asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里;

五、现在进行时

1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为;

2时间状语:Now, at this time,days,, listen

3.基本结构:主语+be+ doing+其它

4.否定形式:主语+be+ not + doing+其它

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;6.例句: How are you feeling today 你今天感

觉如何 He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好;

六、过去进行时

1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作;

2时间状语: at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一

般过去时的时间状语等;

3.基本结构主语+was/ were + doing+其它

4.否定形式:主语+Was/were+not+ doing+其它

5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首;第一个字母大写

6.例句: At that time she was working in a pla unit.那段时间她在人民解放军部队

工作; When he came in, i was reading a newspaper.他进来时,我正在读报纸;

七、将来进行时

1.概念:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时间开始,并继

续下去的动作;常用来表示询问、请求等;

2时间状语:Soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time , in two days ,

tomorrow evening

3.基本结构:主语+ shall/will+be+现在分词+其它

4否定形式:主语+ shall/wi1l+not+be+现在分词+其它5.例句: This time next day

they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的这个时间,他们正坐在电影院; He won’

t be coming to the party.他不去参加聚会了;

八、过去将来进

1.概念:表示就过去某一时间而言,将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作,

主要用于宾语从句中,尤其多用于间接引语中

2.基本结构: should/ would+be+现在分词

3.例句: They said they would be coming他们说了他们将要来; He said he could

not come becau he would be having a meeting .他说他不能来因为要开会

九、现在完成时

1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,

持续到现在的动作或状态;

2.时间状语:yet, already,just, never,ever, so 可爱的签名 far, by now,S1nce+时间点,for+时间

段, recently, l感想英文 ately,ln the past few years , etc .3.基本结构:主语+have/has+p.p

过去分词+其它

4.否定形式:主语+have/has+not+p.p过去分词+其它

5.一般疑问句:have或has放句首;

6.例句: I've written an article.我已经写了一篇论文; The countryside has

changed a lot in the past few years在过去的几年,农村发生了巨大的变化

十、过去完成时

1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之

前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”;

2时间状语: Before, by the end of last yearterm, month…,etc.

3.基本结构:主语+had+pp过去分词+其它4.否定形式:主语+had+not+p.p过去分

词+其它

5.一般疑问句:had放于句首;

6.例句: As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.当我们到车站的时候,

火车已经开走了; By the end of last month , we had reviewed four books .到上

个月底,我们已经复习了四本书;

7.基本结构:主语+had+p.p过去分词+其它

①肯定句:主语+had+p.p过去分词+其它②否定句:主语+had+not+p.p过去分词+

其它

③一般疑问句:Had+主语+p.p过去分词+其它

④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

十一、将来完成时

1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态

2.时间状语: by the time of; by the end of+时间短语将来; by the time+从句将来

3.基本结构:主语+ be going to/will/ shall+have+p.p过去分词+其它

4怎么识别假钞 .例句：by the time you get back , great changes will have taken place in this

area .到你回来的时候,就将发生巨大的变化;

十二、过去将来完成时

1.概念:表示在过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作,常用在虚拟语

气中,表示与过去的事实相反;

2.基本结构: should/ would have done sth

3.例句: i thought you'’ d have left by this time.我想这会儿你已经走了; He told

them he would have finished it by 8 o clock .他告诉他们他会在8点以前干完

十三、现在完成进行时

1概念:表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作;这一动作可能刚刚开始,

也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来;

2.基本结构:主语+have/has+been+ doing+其它

3时间状语: Since+时间点,for+时间段等;

4.例子: i have been sitting here for an hour.我已经在这里坐了一个小时; The

children have been watching tv since six o ' clock .从6点起,孩子们一直看电视

十四、过去完成进行时

1.概念:表示某个正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成,一直持

续到之后的当前才结束;

2.基本结构:主语+had+been+ doing+其它

3.例子: She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam;她在

考试之前一直患重感冒; Had they been expecting the news for some time 他

们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧

4.特殊含义:①尚未完成: He had been writing the novel.他已经在写小说了;他没

写完

②企图: He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚

语;他曾努力学习过它

③未得结果: We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于

敌人所说的;但是我们没有理解

④最近情况: He had been quarreling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架;最

近

⑤反复动作: He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题;

屡次⑥情绪: What had he been doing 他做了什么 不耐烦

十五、将来完成进行时

1.概念:表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间是否继续下去,要视上

下文而定;

2.基本结构: shall/ will have been doing

3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end

of the year .到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作20年了;

If we don ' t hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there .咱们

如不快一点儿,等我们到了那儿,店门就会关了;

十六、过去将来完成进行时

1.概念:表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进炖盅炖汤食谱大全 行的动

2.基本结构:should/ would+have+been+现在分词

3.例子: He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there

for thirty years .他告诉我,到年底时,他就在那住了30年了;