2023年4月16日发(作者:航段)英语写作中的过渡词
英语写作中的过渡词
汉语文章的组织靠的是意合,即句子与句子之间的联系靠的是boa
句
子意义的本身,句子的连接很少使用太多的连接词;而英语文章的组织
靠的是形合,句子的连接离不开过渡词。下面是YJBYS店铺为如何控制体重
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过渡词是一种关系指引词,其作用是连接上下文,使文章保持连
贯、自然、通顺。过渡词可以用于句子与句子之间的连接,还可以用
于段落与段落之间的连接。当句子进入语段、语段进入语篇时,往往
需要用一些连接手段把句子和句子、语段和语段,有时甚至是段落与
段落连接起来,使它们之间建立起各种各样的语义关系,并使整个语
篇在意义上具有连贯性。根据章振邦的划分,英语的衔接手段主要分
为三大类:过渡词衔接、词汇纽带和语法照应。我们在此主要讨论过
渡词连接。
过渡词的使用是保证段落或文章连贯的重要手段之一,同时也是
英语写作中应注意的一个关键问题。本德(Bander)曾在其著作《美国
英语修辞》(American English Rhetoric)中高度概括了写作中使用过
渡词的重要性,认为“有两个技巧比学任何其它的更能增强英语写作
技能:其一是使用过渡连接词;其二是使用从属关系”。
夸克(Quirk)等人把过渡词分为13大类:(1)列举类;(2)强势类;(3)
对等类;(4) 转折类;(5) 总结类;(6) 同位类;(7)结果类;(8)推论类;(9)重述
类;(10)替换类;(11)对立类;(12)让步类;(13)时间转换类。蔡基刚将过渡
词分为11类:举例、比较、对照、让步、原因、结果、强调、递进、
结论、时间和空间。
我们立足于教学,从方便实用的`角度出发,综合以上学者的成果,
将过渡词按语义划分为以下最常见的几种类型:(一)表示添加信息:
and, also, too, furthermore,besides, moreover, in
addition, what is more等;( 二) 表示因果关系:becau, for,
for this reason, becau of, since, as a result, thus,
therefore, so, conquently, of cour, accordingly等;( 三)
表示文章意义的转折或对比:although, however, on the
contrary, still, but,otherwi, despite, nevertheless,
though, in fact, on the other hand, asa matter of fact等;(四)
表示文章中事件发生的时空顺序:first,cond, third, after that,
meanwhile, then, before, next, formerly, later,finally,
in the end, at last等;( 五) 表示列举:firstly, condly, forone
thing…for another, first of all, to begin with, then, last等;(六)
表示举例、解释:for example, for instance, that is, namely,
to illustrate等;(七)表示总结:in short, to sum up, in conclusion,
briefly, on thewhole, to conclude, to summarize等。下面我
们逐一进行说明。
(一)表示添加,进一步说明或强调的过渡词
常用词:besides 此外,furthermore 此外,additionally 此外,
inaddition 此外,in particular 特别地,moreover 此外,what is
more 另外。例如:
① Now it’s time to become concerned with the future of
ours. Inparticular, we must pay enough attention to the
problem ofpollution.
② As this society looks to education highly, there is a n
ofdignity and pride in receiving a college education. In
addition/Furthermore/Besides/What is more, I believe with a
collegeeducation I can rve my神经元的功能
fellow men and my country
better.
(二)表示原因、理由和结果的过渡词
accordingly 于是,as a result 因此,becau of 由于,
conquently因此,due to 由于,thanks to 幸亏,for this reason
由于这个原因,hence因此,in this way 这样,therefore 因此,
thus 因此。例如:
① Becau of/Due to science, we now live safer,
morecomfortable and convenient lives.
② Our standard of living today is much higher than it was
before.
As a result, more and more people can afford their own
housand cars.
③ He was told to speak briefly; accordingly, he cut short
hisremarks.
④ It is important to have good plans if we want to be
successful.
In this way/So/For this reason/Becau of this/Therefore/Asa
result/Conquently, it is most important to have a
goodbeginning whenever we want to accomplish something.
(三)表示比较或对比的过渡词
equally important 同样重要地,similarly 同样地,despite 纵使,
in spite of 纵使,likewi 同样重要地,nevertheless 不过,
converly 相反地,on the contrary 相反地,on the other hand 另
一方面。例如:
① Despite/In spite of all the heartaches and the difficulties,
acollege education is still our best passport to success.
② If we lacked freedoms, people could not say what they
felt.
On the other hand/文体活动方案
Converly, if we lacked laws, then
societywould be disorderly and violent.
③ Jones’ ca was dismisd. Similarly, so were the高考指南
chargesagainst Smith.
④ Congress can pass a law and the President may signit.
Never theless, the Supreme Cour t can declare i
tunconstitutional.
(四)表示文章中事件发生的时空顺序
afterward 以后,at prent 目前,at the same time 同时,
currently 目前,in the meantime 勇敢的心歌词
同时,meanwhile 同时,lately 最
近,recently 最近, 之后,soon 不久,soon after 不久
之后,today 现在。例如:
① At prent/Currently/Today/Recently/Lately, more
andmore people are realizing the importance of protecting
ourenvironment.
② Meanwhile/In the meantime/At the 志愿者故事
same time, students
shouldhave more free time for reading what they like to read.
③ Since then, people have become more and more
interested inlearning English.
(五)表示列举的过渡词
First of all 首先;In the first place, …Second, ... Finally 首
先……,第二……,第三……;Firstly, …Secondly, ...Thirdly 第一……,
第二……,第三……;At the very beginning, …Then, …
Finally,… 首先……其次……最后……;To begin
with, …Next, …
Finally,… 首先……其次……最后……。
例如:
Our standard of living today is much higher than it wasbefore.
But this does not mean that the spiritual quality of our liveshas
also improved. What should we do?
First/First of all/In the first place, we must understand
thatmoney can’t buy happiness. Don’t be a slave to it. Second,
weshould spend time with friends and family. And third, we
should findtime to listen to the birds sing, and e the beautiful
scenery.
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