一：学生易错词汇1.a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.2.am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3.have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .4.there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.5.some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.6.疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) who (谁的) why（为什么）when(什么时候）which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱） 二：形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：I’m taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , ② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair. 比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big(1) How___________is the Yellow River?(2) How___________is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.(3) How___________are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How___________is the fish? It’s 2kg. 二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1) I’m 12 years old. You’re 14. I’m____________ than you.(2) A rabbit’s tail is____________ than a monkey’s tail.(3) An elephant is____________ than a pig.(4) A lake is____________ than a a.(5) A basketball is____________ than a football. 三、根据中文完成句子.(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I’m____________than my brother.(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree____________ than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are____________ than he.(4) 谁比你重?____________________________________than you？ 四、根据答句写出问句(1)________________________ I’m 160 cm.(2)________________________ I’m 12 years old.(4)________________________ Amy’s hair is 30 cm long. 三：动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：Ａ、规则动词① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited② 以e结尾的动词直接加d：如 lived , danced , ud③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类）④ 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如 stopped Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing – sang , eat – ate , e – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lo – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt 四：动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则：① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing ③ 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting 五：人称和数 人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I（我）memy（我的）复数we（我们）usour（我们的）第二人称单数you（你）youyour（你的）复数you（你们）youyour（你们的）第三人称单数he（他）himhis（他的）she（她）herher（她的）it（它）itits（它的）复数they（他们/她们/它们）themtheir（他们的/她们的/它们的） 六：句型专项归类
1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening. ☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , who , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：What is this? It’s a computer.What does he do? He’s a doctor.Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which ason do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30. w ww. xkb1 .c omWho skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.Why do you like spring best? Becau I can plant trees. How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）, how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.
How many girls can you e? I can e four girls.
How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有
