Almost everyone is afraid of something

题文

Almost everyone is afraid of something --- snakes, heights, public speaking and so on. It is normal and can even be helpful to experience fear sometimes. In dangerous situations, fear can keep our bodies alert (警醒的) so that we can act quickly to protect ourlves. But for some people, fear develops into a “phobia”, which is a strong and unreasonable fear of something. For example, the majority of us feel a little scared when looking down from a tall building. But people with height phobia may have trouble breathing, feel dizzy or turn down a great job just becau the company is on the 20th floor. Phobias can prevent you from living a normal life. “People with spider phobia would stay out of their home or dormitory room for days if they thought a spider was prent,” Katherina Hauner, a rearcher at Northwestern University, US, told ABC news. This is why scientists have been trying to find a cure for this dia. Since fear comes from experience --- from what we are told, what we e others experience and what happens to us --- some scientists think if they can “rewrite” the unpleasant memories, they might be able to help people overcome their phobias. In a study by Hauner and other scientists, participants with spider phobia were asked to first touch a spider with a paintbrush. Seeing that it was not actually dangerous, they then tried touching it while wearing a glove. Finally, they could hold it with their hands. Certain medicine has also been found to be helpful. Back in 2010, rearchers at the University of Hiroshima, Japan, injected (注射) a special medicine into a fish --- who was afraid of light --- to turn off the fear center in its brain. From then on, the fish no longer feared light. While the arch for solutions to phobias is making great progress, it’s an open question whether getting rid of fear is good. Some people want to u the methods to make soldiers fight harder in wars by taking away their n of fear. Dave Smithson of the charity Anxiety UK thinks that’s a bad idea. “It’s fear that prevents us from doing crazy things,” he says. “There’s a name for people who don’t have fear of conquences: psychopaths (精神变态者).小题1:The main point of the article is to ___________.A．show us what kind of role fear plays in our livesB．discuss if it is good to try to get rid of fearC．inform us of fear and phobiaD．discuss scientific studies related to fear小题2:How does the writer make the meaning of “phobia” clear?A．By making comparisons.B．By giving examples.C．By giving data in numbers.D．By giving descriptions.小题3:Which of the following shows the progress scientists have made in finding solutions to phobia?A．New medicine can shut off fear centers in animal brains whenever needed.B．They can u phobias to keep our bodies alert so that we can protect ourlves.C．They can now reduce the pain which is connected with phobia.D．They have succeeded in helping some people ignore memories related to phobia.小题4:Which of the following would Dave Smithson probably agree with?A．There is nothing to fear except fear itlf. B．We should not let fear affect our decisions.C．Fear is not a completely bad thing.D．Without fear, everyone would be brave. 题型：未知难度：其他题型

答案

小题1:C小题2:B小题3:D小题4:C

解析

文章主要介绍了phobia一词的含义以及有关的科学研究。有时候，经历恐惧感是正常的，也是有所帮助的。而严重的恐惧则会给生活带来许多不便。小题1:根据前三段可知，文章主要讲的是害怕和恐惧心理。每一个人都会害怕一些东西，但是，有些人会发展为严重的恐惧心理。故选C。小题2:根据第三段“For example, the majority of us feel a little scared when looking down from a tall building. But people with height phobia may have trouble breathing, feel dizzy or turn down a great job just becau the company is on the 20th floor.”可知，作者通过举例来说明“phobia”的含义，故选B。小题3:根据倒数第三段“In a study by Hauner and other scientists, ...Finally, they could hold it with their hands.”可知，科学家已经成功让有恐惧心理的人摆脱了恐惧感，故选D。小题4:根据第二段“It is normal and can even be helpful to experience fear sometimes. In dangerous situations, fear can keep our bodies alert (警醒的) so that we can act quickly to protect ourlves.”和最后一段“it’s an open question whether getting rid of fear is good”可知，恐惧未必是一件坏事，故选C。

考点

据考高分专家说，试题“Almost everyone is a.....”主要考查你对 [人生感悟类阅读 ]考点的理解。 人生感悟类阅读

人生感悟类阅读的概念：

生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪，使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文，如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事，有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。

生活感悟类阅读解题指导：

一、文章特点： 生活感悟类的文章就是指能给人心灵以启迪，使人从中受到教育的文章。这类文章的体裁可以是记叙文，如生活中一些感人故事或情感故事，有点类似心灵鸡汤一样的短文。有时故事的结尾会有一句“点睛之笔”，点出全文的中心思想，就像《伊索寓言》里的寓言一样。还可能是夹叙夹议的哲理散文或生活随笔。散文随笔通常会阐述一种朴素易懂，耳熟能详的人生道理或宝贵品质。文章的结构和议论文类似，一般是总分总或总分结构。每段首句或尾句为主题句（论点），其它句子围绕主题展开论述（论据），论证方法多种多样，或举例，或引用名言，或正反对照等。二、解题技巧：针对生活感悟类文章的特点，做这类文章的完形填空时，要特别注意以下几点：1、重点理解全文的首句。如果是记叙文，找出when，where，who，what等基本要素。如果是散文随笔，充分理解文章的中心句—全文的主题。2、阅读全文的结尾段或结尾句，有助于理解文章所阐述或蕴含的哲理、感悟或忠告等。3、调动自己的背景知识和情感。这类文章不会讲大道理也不会涉及到一些很专业的知识技术领域，而是谈一些小事和简单的道理，所以如果读者能和作者产生感情上的共鸣，读者会更好地把握作者的意图态度，从而提高做题的准确度。因此，考生在平时要做一个有心人，即用心去感悟生活中发生的小事，思考人生的一些基本道理，多阅读一些短小精悍的美文，多写写自己的心情故事和对生活学习的感悟。只有平时多用心，做题时才能调动自己的背景知识和情感。